Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of integrated weed management on growth and yield of soybean at Agricultural Research Station, Hukkeri, Belagavi, during kharif, 2022. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with three replications. The experiment consisted of 10 treatments comprising of 8 pre-emergence herbicides (Sulfentrazone + Clomazone, Sulfentrazone + Metolachlor, Metolachlor, Metribuzin, Pendimethalin + Imazethapyr, Flumioxazin, Pendimethalin, Diclosulam) and they were tested along with one intercultivation operation. Among the herbicidal treatments, application of Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DAS recorded significantly lower weed density (2.27 m-2), dry weight of weeds (2.42 g m- 2) and higher weed control efficiency (88%) for total weeds at 15 days after herbicide application (DAHA) with lower weed index (5.30%). It also recorded higher plant height (53.89 cm), number of branches (7.75 plant-1), total dry matter production (16.80 g plant-1), seed yield (2413 kg ha-1), gross returns (`115824 ha-1), net returns (`70887 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (2.58). The lower seed yield, net returns and benefit cost ratio was recorded with Metribuzin 70% WP (0.35 kg a.i. ha-1) @ 500 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DAS due to phytotoxicity of Metribuzin on soybean. Seed quality was not influenced by herbicidal treatments.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfentrazone plus Clomazone followed by cultivation gave significantly lower weed density of 2.27 m-2.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DASe0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed densitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 2.27 m-2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DAS recorded significantly lower weed density (2.27 m-2)”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave significantly lower weed dry weight of 2.42 g m- 2.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DASe0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- dry weight of weedse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 2.42 g m- 2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DAS recorded significantly lower weed density (2.27 m-2), dry weight of weeds (2.42 g m- 2)”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave higher weed control efficiency of 88%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DASe1
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 88%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher weed control efficiency (88%) for total weeds at 15 days after herbicide application (DAHA)”
e1“application of Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DAS”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave a lower weed index of 5.30%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DASe1
- Outcome
- weed indexe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 5.30%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lower weed index (5.30%)”
e1“application of Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DAS”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave higher plant height of 53.89 cm.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DASe1
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 53.89 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher plant height (53.89 cm)”
e1“application of Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DAS”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave higher branch number of 7.75 plant-1.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DASe1
- Outcome
- number of branchese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 7.75 plant-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher plant height (53.89 cm), number of branches (7.75 plant-1)”
e1“application of Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DAS”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave higher dry matter production of 16.80 g plant-1.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DASe1
- Outcome
- total dry matter productione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 16.80 g plant-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher plant height (53.89 cm), number of branches (7.75 plant-1), total dry matter production (16.80 g plant-1)”
e1“application of Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DAS”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave higher seed yield of 2413 kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DASe1
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 2413 kg ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher plant height (53.89 cm), number of branches (7.75 plant-1), total dry matter production (16.80 g plant-1), seed yield (2413 kg ha-1)”
e1“application of Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DAS”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave higher gross returns of `115824 ha-1.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DASe2
- Outcome
- gross returnse0
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- `115824 ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“gross returns (`115824 ha-1)”
e1“higher plant height (53.89 cm), number of branches (7.75 plant-1), total dry matter production (16.80 g plant-1), seed yield (2413 kg ha-1), gross returns (`115824 ha-1)”
e2“application of Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DAS”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave higher net returns of `70887 ha-1.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DASe2
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- `70887 ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“net returns (`70887 ha-1)”
e1“higher plant height (53.89 cm), number of branches (7.75 plant-1), total dry matter production (16.80 g plant-1), seed yield (2413 kg ha-1), gross returns (`115824 ha-1), net returns (`70887 ha-1)”
e2“application of Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DAS”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment gave a higher benefit cost ratio of 2.58.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DASe2
- Outcome
- benefit cost ratioe0
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 2.58e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“benefit cost ratio (2.58)”
e1“higher plant height (53.89 cm), number of branches (7.75 plant-1), total dry matter production (16.80 g plant-1), seed yield (2413 kg ha-1), gross returns (`115824 ha-1), net returns (`70887 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (2.58)”
e2“application of Sulfentrazone 28% + Clomazone 30% WP (350 + 375 g a.i ha-1) RM @ 1250 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DAS”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Metribuzin treatment had lower seed yield, net returns and benefit cost ratio due to phytotoxicity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Metribuzin 70% WP (0.35 kg a.i. ha-1) @ 500 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DASe0
- Outcome
- seed yield, net returns and benefit cost ratioe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- phytotoxicity of Metribuzin on soybeane0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lower seed yield, net returns and benefit cost ratio was recorded with Metribuzin 70% WP (0.35 kg a.i. ha-1) @ 500 g ha-1 as PE followed by one inter cultivation at 35 DAS due to phytotoxicity of Metribuzin on soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide treatments did not influence seed quality.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- herbicidal treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Seed qualitye0
- Direction
- not influencede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed quality was not influenced by herbicidal treatments”
t0“soybean”
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