Abstract
This study evaluated the impact of differential sowing windows and improved weed management strategies on weed dynamics, productivity, and economic viability of direct drum seeded rice ( Oryza sativa L.) in the temperate agro-ecosystem of Kashmir. A two-year field experiment was conducted utilizing a split-plot design with two sowing dates (May 10 and June 3) as main plots and six weed management practices as sub-plots. The earlier sowing date (May 10) resulted in significantly enhanced leaf area index, crop growth rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, and grain and straw yields compared to the later sowing (June 3). Among weed management treatments, four mechanized conoweedings (equivalent to weed-free conditions) and sequential application of bensulfuron methyl + pretilachlor (60 and 600 g a.i. ha −1 ) as pre-emergence followed by 2,4-D (0.75 kg a.i. ha −1 ) as post-emergence demonstrated superior efficacy in weed suppression and augmentation of crop growth parameters and yield attributes. These treatments also exhibited the lowest weed index and highest benefit–cost ratio. The May 10 sowing, coupled with efficacious weed control measures, significantly reduced weed density and biomass while concomitantly improving nutrient uptake and economic returns. The results indicate that adopting a May 10 sowing date for direct seeded rice, in conjunction with either four conoweedings or the aforementioned sequential herbicide application, can optimize agronomic productivity and economic profitability under the temperate conditions of Kashmir. The study aided in choosing the best sowing window and efficient weed management strategy for attaining higher productivity and profitability of direct seeded rice in temperate conditions.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The earlier sowing date (May 10) significantly enhanced leaf area index, crop growth rate and relative growth rate of rice compared to the later sowing (June 3).
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- The earlier sowing date (May 10)e1
- Outcome
- leaf area index, crop growth rate, relative growth ratee1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Comparator
- later sowing (June 3)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The earlier sowing date (May 10) resulted in significantly enhanced leaf area index, crop growth rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, and grain and straw yields compared to the later sowing (June 3)”
t0“direct seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The earlier sowing date (May 10) significantly enhanced net assimilation rate, grain yield and straw yield of rice compared to the later sowing (June 3).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- The earlier sowing date (May 10)e1
- Outcome
- net assimilation rate, and grain and straw yieldse1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Comparator
- later sowing (June 3)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The earlier sowing date (May 10) resulted in significantly enhanced leaf area index, crop growth rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, and grain and straw yields compared to the later sowing (June 3)”
t0“direct seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Four mechanized conoweedings gave superior efficacy in weed suppression and crop growth and yield attributes of rice among weed management treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- four mechanized conoweedingse1
- Outcome
- efficacy in weed suppression and augmentation of crop growth parameters and yield attributese2
- Direction
- superiore2
- Qualifier
- equivalent to weed-free conditionse1
- Comparator
- weed management treatmentse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“four mechanized conoweedings (equivalent to weed-free conditions)”
e2“demonstrated superior efficacy in weed suppression and augmentation of crop growth parameters and yield attributes”
e3“Among weed management treatments”
t0“direct seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Sequential application of bensulfuron methyl + pretilachlor followed by 2,4-D gave superior efficacy in weed suppression and crop growth and yield attributes of rice among weed management treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- sequential application of bensulfuron methyl + pretilachlore4
- Outcome
- efficacy in weed suppression and augmentation of crop growth parameters and yield attributese2
- Direction
- superiore2
- Qualifier
- followed by 2,4-De5
- Comparator
- weed management treatmentse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“demonstrated superior efficacy in weed suppression and augmentation of crop growth parameters and yield attributes”
e3“Among weed management treatments”
e4“sequential application of bensulfuron methyl + pretilachlor”
e5“followed by 2,4-D”
t0“direct seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The May 10 sowing with efficacious weed control significantly reduced weed density and biomass in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- The May 10 sowing, coupled with efficacious weed control measurese1
- Outcome
- weed density and biomasse1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The May 10 sowing, coupled with efficacious weed control measures, significantly reduced weed density and biomass while concomitantly improving nutrient uptake and economic returns”
t0“direct seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The May 10 sowing with efficacious weed control improved nutrient uptake and economic returns of rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- The May 10 sowing, coupled with efficacious weed control measurese1
- Outcome
- nutrient uptake and economic returnse1
- Direction
- improvinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The May 10 sowing, coupled with efficacious weed control measures, significantly reduced weed density and biomass while concomitantly improving nutrient uptake and economic returns”
t0“direct seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Adopting a May 10 sowing date for direct seeded rice, with four conoweedings or the sequential herbicide application, is suggested to optimize agronomic productivity and economic profitability in temperate Kashmir.
Verbatim
e1“The results indicate that adopting a May 10 sowing date for direct seeded rice, in conjunction with either four conoweedings or the aforementioned sequential herbicide application, can optimize agronomic productivity and economic profitability under the temperate conditions of Kashmir”
t0“direct seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
These weed management treatments exhibited the lowest weed index in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- These treatmentse1
- Outcome
- weed indexe1
- Direction
- loweste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“These treatments also exhibited the lowest weed index and highest benefit–cost ratio”
t0“direct seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
These weed management treatments exhibited the highest benefit–cost ratio in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- These treatmentse1
- Outcome
- benefit–cost ratioe1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“These treatments also exhibited the lowest weed index and highest benefit–cost ratio”
t0“direct seeded rice”
The same questions in other papers
Pretilachlor · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
146 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
146 papers more in this group
See all 150 papers →bensulfuron-methyl · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
45 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
43 papers more in this group
See all 47 papers →sowing time · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 15 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
29 papers more in this group
See all 33 papers →sowing time · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
122 papers in the same direction as this paper · 68 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
189 papers more in this group
See all 193 papers →herbicide · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
578 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- negative
599 papers more in this group
See all 603 papers →herbicide · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
724 papers in the same direction as this paper · 57 in the opposite direction · 20 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- negative
798 papers more in this group
See all 802 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.