Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a nutrient whose daily intake is often below the recommended levels in people. Biofortification with Se is a method to increase this intake by raising the Se concentration in tomato fruits, an effect dependent on sources and modes of application. Additionally, Se application can promote the enhancement of other compounds in tomato fruits, altering their metabolism, which may increase the fruit’s shelf life. This study aimed to determine how different strategies of applying a multi-nutrient fertilizer containing Se (SeMNF) can increase the Se content and other bioactive compounds and enhance the shelf life of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruits. Different foliar fertilization strategies involving the use of SeMNF were evaluated in field trials conducted on commercial tomato crops. Indeterminate-growth tomatoes were used, and different Se doses and application strategies were tested. Harvesting was conducted in three phases according to fruit ripening. Each harvested fruit was assessed for the Se content, macro and micronutrients, total phenolic compounds, vitamin C, antioxidant activity, carotenoids, pH, total titratable acidity, and total soluble solids in tomato fruits. Doses of 15 g ha−1 of Se, split into three applications, increased the Se content in the fruits at 1 and 2 harvests. The application of SeMNF at Se doses above 10 g of Se ha−1 increased firmness, days of ripening, and the nutritional quality of the tomatoes (higher contents of carotenoids (+39%), lycopene (+33%), antioxidant activity (+16%), total phenolic compounds (+38%), and vitamin C (+14%) in a dose-dependent effect of the application strategy used. These results contributed to an increase in the shelf life of tomatoes, consequently reducing food waste.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Three 15 g ha−1 selenium applications raised fruit Se at harvests 1 and 2.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Treatment
- 15 g ha−1 of Se, split into three applicationse0
- Outcome
- Se content in the fruitse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Doses of 15 g ha−1 of Se, split into three applications, increased the Se content in the fruits at 1 and 2 harvests.”
e1“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
SeMNF doses above 10 g Se ha−1 increased tomato firmness.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- SeMNF at Se doses above 10 g of Se ha−1e0
- Outcome
- firmnesse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of SeMNF at Se doses above 10 g of Se ha−1 increased firmness, days of ripening, and the nutritional quality of the tomatoes”
e1“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
SeMNF doses above 10 g Se ha−1 increased days of ripening.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- SeMNF at Se doses above 10 g of Se ha−1e0
- Outcome
- days of ripeninge0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of SeMNF at Se doses above 10 g of Se ha−1 increased firmness, days of ripening, and the nutritional quality of the tomatoes”
e1“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
SeMNF raised carotenoids by 39%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- SeMNF at Se doses above 10 g of Se ha−1e0
- Outcome
- contents of carotenoidse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- +39%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SeMNF at Se doses above 10 g of Se ha−1 increased firmness, days of ripening, and the nutritional quality of the tomatoes (higher contents of carotenoids (+39%), lycopene (+33%), antioxidant activity (+16%), total phenolic compounds (+38%), and vitamin C (+14%)”
e1“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
SeMNF raised lycopene by 33%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- SeMNF at Se doses above 10 g of Se ha−1e1
- Outcome
- lycopenee0
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- +33%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lycopene (+33%)”
e1“SeMNF at Se doses above 10 g of Se ha−1 increased”
e2“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
SeMNF raised antioxidant activity by 16%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- SeMNF at Se doses above 10 g of Se ha−1e1
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitye0
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- +16%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“antioxidant activity (+16%)”
e1“SeMNF at Se doses above 10 g of Se ha−1 increased”
e2“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
SeMNF raised total phenolic compounds by 38%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- SeMNF at Se doses above 10 g of Se ha−1e1
- Outcome
- total phenolic compoundse0
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- +38%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total phenolic compounds (+38%)”
e1“SeMNF at Se doses above 10 g of Se ha−1 increased”
e2“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
SeMNF raised vitamin C by 14%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- SeMNF at Se doses above 10 g of Se ha−1e1
- Outcome
- vitamin Ce0
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- +14%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“vitamin C (+14%)”
e1“SeMNF at Se doses above 10 g of Se ha−1 increased”
e2“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
The fertilizer results increased tomato shelf life.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- application of SeMNFe1
- Outcome
- shelf lifee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These results contributed to an increase in the shelf life of tomatoes”
e1“application of SeMNF”
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