Abstract
Enhanced phytoremediation offers a rapid and eco-friendly approach for cleaning agricultural soil contaminated with copper and cadmium which pose a direct threat to food scarcity and security. The current study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the two commonly used additives, IAA and EDTA, for the remediation of copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) contaminated soils using sunflower and maize. The plants were cultivated in pots under controlled conditions with four sets of treatments: control (0), Cu50/Cd50, Cu50/Cd50 + EDTA, and Cu50/Cd50 + IAA. The results showed that Cu50/Cd50 mg/kg drastically compromised the phytoremediation potential of both plants, as evident by reduced shoot and root length, and lower biomass. However, the augmentation of Cu50/Cd50 with EDTA or IAA improved the tested parameters. In sunflower, EDTA enhanced the accumulation of Cu and Cd by 58% and 21%, respectively, and improved plant biomass by 41%, compared to control treatment. However, IAA exhibited higher accumulation of Cu and Cd by 64% and 25%, respectively, and enhanced plant biomass by 43%. In case of maize, IAA was superior to EDTA which enhanced the accumulation of Cu and Cd by 87% and 32% respectively, and increased the plant biomass by 57%, compared to control treatment. Our findings demonstrate that foliar IAA is more effective than EDTA in enhancing the phytoremediation potential of sunflower and maize for Cu and Cd.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Cu and Cd contamination reduced shoot and root length and biomass in both plants.
- Taxon
- sunflower and maize
Helianthus annuus
Zea mayst0 - Treatment
- Cu50/Cd50 mg/kge0
- Outcome
- shoot and root lengthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cu50/Cd50 mg/kg drastically compromised the phytoremediation potential of both plants, as evident by reduced shoot and root length, and lower biomass.”
t0“using sunflower and maize”
Claim · model-written summary
EDTA or IAA improved the tested growth parameters.
- Taxon
- sunflower and maizeHelianthus annuusZea mayst0
- Treatment
- EDTA or IAAe0
- Outcome
- tested parameterse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the augmentation of Cu50/Cd50 with EDTA or IAA improved the tested parameters.”
t0“using sunflower and maize”
Claim · model-written summary
EDTA increased sunflower Cu accumulation by 58%.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- EDTAe0
- Outcome
- accumulation of Cue0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 58%e0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In sunflower, EDTA enhanced the accumulation of Cu and Cd by 58% and 21%, respectively, and improved plant biomass by 41%, compared to control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
EDTA increased sunflower Cd accumulation by 21%.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- EDTAe0
- Outcome
- accumulation of Cu and Cde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 21%e0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In sunflower, EDTA enhanced the accumulation of Cu and Cd by 58% and 21%, respectively, and improved plant biomass by 41%, compared to control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
EDTA improved sunflower biomass by 41%.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- EDTAe0
- Outcome
- plant biomasse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 41%e0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In sunflower, EDTA enhanced the accumulation of Cu and Cd by 58% and 21%, respectively, and improved plant biomass by 41%, compared to control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA increased sunflower Cu accumulation by 64%.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- IAAe0
- Outcome
- accumulation of Cue0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 64%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IAA exhibited higher accumulation of Cu and Cd by 64% and 25%, respectively, and enhanced plant biomass by 43%.”
t0“In sunflower, EDTA”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA increased sunflower Cd accumulation by 25%.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- IAAe0
- Outcome
- accumulation of Cu and Cde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 25%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IAA exhibited higher accumulation of Cu and Cd by 64% and 25%, respectively, and enhanced plant biomass by 43%.”
t0“In sunflower, EDTA”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA increased sunflower biomass by 43%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IAA exhibited higher accumulation of Cu and Cd by 64% and 25%, respectively, and enhanced plant biomass by 43%.”
t0“In sunflower, EDTA”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA increased maize Cu accumulation by 87%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In case of maize, IAA was superior to EDTA which enhanced the accumulation of Cu and Cd by 87% and 32% respectively, and increased the plant biomass by 57%, compared to control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA increased maize Cd accumulation by 32%.
- Treatment
- IAAe0
- Outcome
- accumulation of Cu and Cde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 32%e0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In case of maize, IAA was superior to EDTA which enhanced the accumulation of Cu and Cd by 87% and 32% respectively, and increased the plant biomass by 57%, compared to control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
IAA increased maize biomass by 57%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In case of maize, IAA was superior to EDTA which enhanced the accumulation of Cu and Cd by 87% and 32% respectively, and increased the plant biomass by 57%, compared to control treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar IAA was judged more effective than EDTA for phytoremediation by both plants.
- Taxon
- sunflower and maizeHelianthus annuusZea mayse0
- Outcome
- phytoremediation potentiale0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our findings demonstrate that foliar IAA is more effective than EDTA in enhancing the phytoremediation potential of sunflower and maize for Cu and Cd.”
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See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.