Abstract
In the present study, the underlying pathways for zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) mediated modulation of oxidative stress under drought were evaluated in rice seedlings. Principally, rice cultivar (cv. Swarna Sub1) was used to assess the potential of the Sub1A QTL for its drought sensitivity in response to bio-fabricated ZnO-NPs. ZnO-NPs were synthesized from algal ( Arthrospira platensis ) extract and characterized for their opto-physical properties, confirming size (54 nm), hydrodynamicity (-18.54), amorphous-cubic shape and others features. Fifteen-day-old rice seedlings were primed with 25 ppm ZnO-NPs and exposed to 12 % polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated drought stress (DS) for 7-days under laboratory conditions. Primarily, Sub1A QTL responded to drought-induced anoxic stress with a significant increase in the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (447.41 %) and pyruvate decarboxylase (96.51 %) through ZnO-NPs sensitization. Plants recorded a significant reduction in root growth, which regained 89.25 % with ZnO-NPs treatments. ZnO-NPs also recovered relative water content (49 %), proline (99.2 %), and improved chlorophyll fluorescence (90.9 %) under stress. Furthermore, drought-induced membrane leakage was stabilized by reducing ionic conductivity through the distribution of wall-bound polyamines. A characteristic feature of fluorescence also reinforced the sustenance of photosynthetic activities by ZnO-NPs under drought. Alternatively, rice seedlings showed regulation of oxidative stress, where lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation were reduced by 270 % and 178.2 %, respectively. This was observed with the minimization of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide concentrations by regulating apoplastic oxidase activity (117.64 %) with distinct polymorphisms in proteins. These observations suggest that ZnO-NPs can ameliorate drought-induced oxidative stress in rice, providing insights for improved nano-fertigation. • Cyanophycean algae producing rhamnose is useful as capping agent. • ZnO-NPs retrieves nutrient enrichment under drought stress. • Sub1A QTL responded to ZnO-NPs against anoxic stress. • Overexpression of polyamine resists membrane denaturing. • Green synthesized ZnO-NPs serves in nano-fertigation.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs increased alcohol dehydrogenase activity in drought-stressed Sub1A rice seedlings by 447.41 %.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Material
- Swarna Sub1e2
- Organ / stage
- Fifteen-day-old rice seedlingse1
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse0
- Gene
- Sub1A QTLe0
- Outcome
- activities of alcohol dehydrogenasee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 447.41 %e0
- Setting
- laboratory conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sub1A QTL responded to drought-induced anoxic stress with a significant increase in the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (447.41 %) and pyruvate decarboxylase (96.51 %) through ZnO-NPs sensitization”
e1“Fifteen-day-old rice seedlings were primed with 25 ppm ZnO-NPs and exposed to 12 % polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated drought stress (DS) for 7-days under laboratory conditions”
e2“rice cultivar (cv. Swarna Sub1) was used to assess the potential of the Sub1A QTL for its drought sensitivity”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs increased pyruvate decarboxylase activity in drought-stressed Sub1A rice seedlings by 96.51 %.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Material
- Swarna Sub1e2
- Organ / stage
- Fifteen-day-old rice seedlingse1
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse0
- Gene
- Sub1A QTLe0
- Outcome
- pyruvate decarboxylasee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 96.51 %e0
- Setting
- laboratory conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sub1A QTL responded to drought-induced anoxic stress with a significant increase in the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (447.41 %) and pyruvate decarboxylase (96.51 %) through ZnO-NPs sensitization”
e1“Fifteen-day-old rice seedlings were primed with 25 ppm ZnO-NPs and exposed to 12 % polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated drought stress (DS) for 7-days under laboratory conditions”
e2“rice cultivar (cv. Swarna Sub1) was used to assess the potential of the Sub1A QTL for its drought sensitivity”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly reduced root growth of rice seedlings.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- Fifteen-day-old rice seedlingse1
- Treatment
- drought stresse1
- Outcome
- root growthe3
- Direction
- reductione3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Fifteen-day-old rice seedlings were primed with 25 ppm ZnO-NPs and exposed to 12 % polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated drought stress (DS) for 7-days under laboratory conditions”
e3“Plants recorded a significant reduction in root growth, which regained 89.25 % with ZnO-NPs treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NP treatments recovered root growth of rice seedlings by 89.25 % under drought.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- Fifteen-day-old rice seedlingse1
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPs treatmentse3
- Outcome
- root growthe3
- Direction
- regainede3
- Value
- 89.25 %e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Fifteen-day-old rice seedlings were primed with 25 ppm ZnO-NPs and exposed to 12 % polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated drought stress (DS) for 7-days under laboratory conditions”
e3“Plants recorded a significant reduction in root growth, which regained 89.25 % with ZnO-NPs treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs recovered relative water content of drought-stressed rice by 49 %.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- Fifteen-day-old rice seedlingse1
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse4
- Outcome
- relative water contente4
- Direction
- recoverede4
- Value
- 49 %e4
- Qualifier
- under stresse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Fifteen-day-old rice seedlings were primed with 25 ppm ZnO-NPs and exposed to 12 % polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated drought stress (DS) for 7-days under laboratory conditions”
e4“ZnO-NPs also recovered relative water content (49 %), proline (99.2 %), and improved chlorophyll fluorescence (90.9 %) under stress”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs recovered proline content of drought-stressed rice by 99.2 %.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- Fifteen-day-old rice seedlingse1
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse4
- Outcome
- prolinee4
- Direction
- recoverede4
- Value
- 99.2 %e4
- Qualifier
- under stresse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Fifteen-day-old rice seedlings were primed with 25 ppm ZnO-NPs and exposed to 12 % polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated drought stress (DS) for 7-days under laboratory conditions”
e4“ZnO-NPs also recovered relative water content (49 %), proline (99.2 %), and improved chlorophyll fluorescence (90.9 %) under stress”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs improved chlorophyll fluorescence of drought-stressed rice by 90.9 %.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- Fifteen-day-old rice seedlingse1
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse4
- Outcome
- chlorophyll fluorescencee4
- Direction
- improvede4
- Value
- 90.9 %e4
- Qualifier
- under stresse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Fifteen-day-old rice seedlings were primed with 25 ppm ZnO-NPs and exposed to 12 % polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated drought stress (DS) for 7-days under laboratory conditions”
e4“ZnO-NPs also recovered relative water content (49 %), proline (99.2 %), and improved chlorophyll fluorescence (90.9 %) under stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought-induced membrane leakage in rice was stabilized by reduced ionic conductivity through the distribution of wall-bound polyamines.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- droughte0
- Compound
- wall-bound polyaminese0
- Outcome
- membrane leakagee0
- Direction
- stabilizede0
- Qualifier
- reducing ionic conductivitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drought-induced membrane leakage was stabilized by reducing ionic conductivity through the distribution of wall-bound polyamines”
e1“Fifteen-day-old rice seedlings were primed with 25 ppm ZnO-NPs and exposed to 12 % polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated drought stress (DS) for 7-days under laboratory conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs reinforced the sustenance of photosynthetic activities in rice under drought.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic activitiese0
- Direction
- reinforcede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A characteristic feature of fluorescence also reinforced the sustenance of photosynthetic activities by ZnO-NPs under drought”
e1“Fifteen-day-old rice seedlings were primed with 25 ppm ZnO-NPs and exposed to 12 % polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated drought stress (DS) for 7-days under laboratory conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs reduced lipid peroxidation in rice seedlings by 270 %.
- Taxon
- rice seedlingsOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse1
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 270 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Alternatively, rice seedlings showed regulation of oxidative stress, where lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation were reduced by 270 % and 178.2 %, respectively”
e1“Fifteen-day-old rice seedlings were primed with 25 ppm ZnO-NPs and exposed to 12 % polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated drought stress (DS) for 7-days under laboratory conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs reduced protein carbonylation in rice seedlings by 178.2 %.
- Taxon
- rice seedlingsOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse1
- Outcome
- protein carbonylatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 178.2 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Alternatively, rice seedlings showed regulation of oxidative stress, where lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation were reduced by 270 % and 178.2 %, respectively”
e1“Fifteen-day-old rice seedlings were primed with 25 ppm ZnO-NPs and exposed to 12 % polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated drought stress (DS) for 7-days under laboratory conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs minimized superoxide and hydrogen peroxide concentrations in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse1
- Outcome
- superoxide and hydrogen peroxide concentrationse0
- Direction
- minimizatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This was observed with the minimization of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide concentrations by regulating apoplastic oxidase activity (117.64 %) with distinct polymorphisms in proteins”
e1“Fifteen-day-old rice seedlings were primed with 25 ppm ZnO-NPs and exposed to 12 % polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated drought stress (DS) for 7-days under laboratory conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs regulated apoplastic oxidase activity in rice by 117.64 %.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- ZnO-NPse1
- Outcome
- apoplastic oxidase activitye0
- Direction
- regulatinge0
- Value
- 117.64 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This was observed with the minimization of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide concentrations by regulating apoplastic oxidase activity (117.64 %) with distinct polymorphisms in proteins”
e1“Fifteen-day-old rice seedlings were primed with 25 ppm ZnO-NPs and exposed to 12 % polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated drought stress (DS) for 7-days under laboratory conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice seedlings under ZnO-NP treatment showed distinct polymorphisms in proteins.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- polymorphisms in proteinse0
- Qualifier
- distincte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This was observed with the minimization of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide concentrations by regulating apoplastic oxidase activity (117.64 %) with distinct polymorphisms in proteins”
e1“Fifteen-day-old rice seedlings were primed with 25 ppm ZnO-NPs and exposed to 12 % polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated drought stress (DS) for 7-days under laboratory conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
ZnO-NPs synthesized from Arthrospira platensis extract had a size of 54 nm.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Outcome
- sizee0
- Value
- 54 nme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ZnO-NPs were synthesized from algal ( Arthrospira platensis ) extract and characterized for their opto-physical properties, confirming size (54 nm)”
e1“Fifteen-day-old rice seedlings were primed with 25 ppm ZnO-NPs and exposed to 12 % polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated drought stress (DS) for 7-days under laboratory conditions”
The same questions in other papers
zinc oxide · quality: protein · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →zinc oxide · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
28 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
28 papers more in this group
See all 32 papers →zinc oxide nanoparticle · physiology: oxidative · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
zinc oxide · physiology: water · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
zinc oxide nanoparticle · physiology: photosynthesis · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
zinc oxide nanoparticle · physiology: osmolytes · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
zinc oxide nanoparticle · molecular: metabolites · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
zinc oxide · physiology: osmolytes · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
8 of 15 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.