Abstract
A nonthermal pretreatment using dielectric barrier discharge cold plasma (DBD-CP) was developed to improve the stress resistance of paddy rice during postharvest storage. The physicochemical properties, bioactive characteristics, and secondary metabolites of paddy rice were assessed after applying an optimized DBD-CP procedure, with enzyme activities and gene expression monitored over a 60 day storage period at 35 °C. A 17.06% reduction in the total color change index was noted in the DBD-CP group. Bioactive compounds, particularly gallic acid, were significantly increased, enhancing the defense mechanisms against high-temperature stress. Nontargeted metabolomics analysis indicated an upregulation of phenylpropanoid metabolism in DBD-CP-treated rice compared to controls, with notable increases in secondary metabolites such as coumaric acid, caffeic acid, and sinapic acid, suggesting potential biomarkers for stress resistance. Further verification showed significant enhancements in key enzymes of phenylpropanoid metabolism, including phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), cinnamic acid-4-hydroxylase (C4H), plant coumaric acid-3-hydroxylase (C3H), and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), with increases ranging from 1.71 to 2.28 times. Gene expression levels of OsPAL7, OsC4H4, and OsCAD2 aligned with these enzymatic changes post-DBD-CP treatment. In conclusion, DBD-CP treatment can modulate phenylpropanoid metabolism in paddy rice, thereby enhancing bioactive compound levels to reduce stress damage during high-temperature storage.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
DBD-CP treatment reduced the total color change index of paddy rice by 17.06%.
- Taxon
- Paddy Ricet0
- Treatment
- DBD-CPe0
- Outcome
- total color change indexe0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 17.06%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“A 17.06% reduction in the total color change index was noted in the DBD-CP group”
t0“Paddy Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Bioactive compounds, particularly gallic acid, were significantly increased in paddy rice after optimized DBD-CP treatment.
- Taxon
- Paddy Ricet0
- Treatment
- optimized DBD-CP proceduree1
- Outcome
- Bioactive compounds, particularly gallic acide0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Bioactive compounds, particularly gallic acid, were significantly increased”
e1“after applying an optimized DBD-CP procedure”
t0“Paddy Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nontargeted metabolomics indicated upregulation of phenylpropanoid metabolism in DBD-CP-treated rice compared to controls.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- DBD-CP-treatede0
- Outcome
- phenylpropanoid metabolisme0
- Direction
- upregulatione0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an upregulation of phenylpropanoid metabolism in DBD-CP-treated rice compared to controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Secondary metabolites coumaric acid, caffeic acid and sinapic acid increased notably in DBD-CP-treated rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- DBD-CP-treatede0
- Outcome
- secondary metabolites such as coumaric acid, caffeic acid, and sinapic acide0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an upregulation of phenylpropanoid metabolism in DBD-CP-treated rice compared to controls, with notable increases in secondary metabolites such as coumaric acid, caffeic acid, and sinapic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
DBD-CP treatment enhanced PAL, C4H and C3H enzymes of phenylpropanoid metabolism in paddy rice, with increases ranging from 1.71 to 2.28 times.
- Taxon
- Paddy Ricet0
- Treatment
- optimized DBD-CP proceduree1
- Gene
- phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), cinnamic acid-4-hydroxylase (C4H), plant coumaric acid-3-hydroxylase (C3H)e0
- Outcome
- key enzymes of phenylpropanoid metabolisme0
- Direction
- enhancementse0
- Value
- 1.71 to 2.28 timese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“significant enhancements in key enzymes of phenylpropanoid metabolism, including phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), cinnamic acid-4-hydroxylase (C4H), plant coumaric acid-3-hydroxylase (C3H), and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), with increases ranging from 1.71 to 2.28 times”
e1“after applying an optimized DBD-CP procedure”
t0“Paddy Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
DBD-CP treatment enhanced the CAD enzyme of phenylpropanoid metabolism in paddy rice, with increases ranging from 1.71 to 2.28 times.
- Taxon
- Paddy Ricet0
- Treatment
- optimized DBD-CP proceduree1
- Gene
- cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD)e0
- Outcome
- key enzymes of phenylpropanoid metabolisme0
- Direction
- enhancementse0
- Value
- 1.71 to 2.28 timese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“significant enhancements in key enzymes of phenylpropanoid metabolism, including phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), cinnamic acid-4-hydroxylase (C4H), plant coumaric acid-3-hydroxylase (C3H), and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), with increases ranging from 1.71 to 2.28 times”
e1“after applying an optimized DBD-CP procedure”
t0“Paddy Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Gene expression levels of OsPAL7, OsC4H4 and OsCAD2 aligned with the enzymatic changes after DBD-CP treatment.
Verbatim
e0“Gene expression levels of OsPAL7, OsC4H4, and OsCAD2 aligned with these enzymatic changes post-DBD-CP treatment”
t0“Paddy Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that DBD-CP treatment can modulate phenylpropanoid metabolism in paddy rice, enhancing bioactive compound levels to reduce stress damage during high-temperature storage.
Verbatim
e0“DBD-CP treatment can modulate phenylpropanoid metabolism in paddy rice, thereby enhancing bioactive compound levels to reduce stress damage during high-temperature storage”
The same questions in other papers
cold · quality: postharvest · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →cold · physiology: enzyme activity · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →cold · quality: phytochemicals · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.