Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination in agricultural soil brings severe health risks through the dietary intake of Cd-polluted crops. The comprehensive role of pectin in lowering Cd accumulation is investigated through low Cd accumulated (L) and high Cd accumulated (H) cultivars of L. sativa. The significantly different Cd contents in the edible parts of two L. sativa cultivars are accomplished by different Cd transportations. The pectin is the dominant responsive cell wall component according to significantly increased uronic acid contents and the differential Cd absorption between unmodified and modified cell wall. The chemical structure characterization revealed the decreased methyl esterification in pectin under Cd treatment compared with control. Significantly brighter LM19 relative fluorescence density and 40.82% decreased methanol in the root pectin of L cultivar under Cd treatment (p < 0.05) supported that the de-methyl esterification of root pectin is more significant in L cultivar than in H cultivar. The pectin de-methyl esterification of L cultivar is achieved by the upregulation of pectin esterases and the downregulation of pectin esterase inhibitors under Cd treatments, which has facilitated the higher Cd-binding of pectin. Our findings provide deep insight into the differential Cd accumulation of L. sativa cultivars and contribute to the understanding the pollutant behaviors in plants.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Lettuce cultivars differed significantly in edible-part Cd content and transport.
- Taxon
- L. sativa
Lactuca sativae0 - Material
- two L. sativa cultivarse0
- Organ / stage
- edible partse0
- Outcome
- Cd contents in the edible partse0
- Direction
- differente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The significantly different Cd contents in the edible parts of two L. sativa cultivars are accomplished by different Cd transportations”
Claim · model-written summary
Pectin was the dominant Cd-responsive wall component with increased uronic acid.
- Taxon
- Lactuca sativaLactuca sativat0
- Outcome
- uronic acid contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- pectine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The pectin is the dominant responsive cell wall component according to significantly increased uronic acid contents”
t0“Lactuca sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Modified and unmodified walls differed in Cd absorption.
- Taxon
- Lactuca sativaLactuca sativat0
- Outcome
- Cd absorptione0
- Direction
- differentiale0
- Comparator
- unmodified and modified cell walle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the differential Cd absorption between unmodified and modified cell wall”
t0“Lactuca sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd treatment decreased pectin methyl esterification.
- Taxon
- Lactuca sativaLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Cd treatmente0
- Outcome
- methyl esterification in pectine0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased methyl esterification in pectin under Cd treatment compared with control”
t0“Lactuca sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
LM19 fluorescence was significantly brighter in the low Cd cultivar.
- Taxon
- Lactuca sativaLactuca sativat0
- Outcome
- LM19 relative fluorescence densitye0
- Direction
- brightere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significantly brighter LM19 relative fluorescence density”
t0“Lactuca sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd treatment decreased root pectin methanol in the L cultivar by 40.82%.
- Taxon
- Lactuca sativaLactuca sativat0
- Material
- L cultivare0
- Organ / stage
- root pectine0
- Treatment
- Cd treatmente0
- Outcome
- methanole0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 40.82%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“40.82% decreased methanol in the root pectin of L cultivar under Cd treatment (p < 0.05)”
t0“Lactuca sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Root pectin demethyl esterification was greater in L than H.
- Taxon
- Lactuca sativaLactuca sativat0
- Material
- L cultivare0
- Outcome
- de-methyl esterification of root pectine0
- Direction
- more significante0
- Comparator
- H cultivare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“de-methyl esterification of root pectin is more significant in L cultivar than in H cultivar”
t0“Lactuca sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd upregulated pectin esterases in L cultivar.
- Taxon
- Lactuca sativaLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Cd treatmentse0
- Gene
- pectin esterasese0
- Outcome
- upregulation of pectin esterasese0
- Direction
- upregulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“upregulation of pectin esterases and the downregulation of pectin esterase inhibitors under Cd treatments”
t0“Lactuca sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd downregulated pectin esterase inhibitors in L cultivar.
- Taxon
- Lactuca sativaLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Cd treatmentse0
- Gene
- pectin esterase inhibitorse0
- Outcome
- downregulation of pectin esterase inhibitorse0
- Direction
- downregulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“upregulation of pectin esterases and the downregulation of pectin esterase inhibitors under Cd treatments”
t0“Lactuca sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Pectin demethyl esterification was linked to higher Cd binding.
- Taxon
- Lactuca sativaLactuca sativat0
- Outcome
- Cd-binding of pectine0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- facilitatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which has facilitated the higher Cd-binding of pectin”
t0“Lactuca sativa”
The same questions in other papers
cadmium atom · molecular: metabolites · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Positive and negative results
6 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.