Abstract
Rice is the major crop of Thailand. However, the rice yield is still limited, especially in local cultivars. Fermented chitin (FC) application to soil has been demonstrated to improve rice growth and yield. The application of biostimulants has been proposed to improve both the yield and quality of ‛RD69’ and ‛HGD’ rice varieties. While FC has been suggested as a potential solution, the specific effects of FC on seed quality and quantity remain insufficiently explored. In this study, pot experiments were conducted to determine the effects of FC and FC with rice husk (FC+RH) treatments on the grain quantity and quality of two rice cultivars, ‛RD69’ and ’Hawm Gulahb Deang’ (HGD), which are colored rice varieties with high antioxidant levels. ‛RD69’ has low apparent amylose content (AAC) and a high percentage of rapidly available glucose (RAG), while ‛HGD’ is the local Thai rice with medium AAC and low %RAG. FC and FC+RH were applied as soil supplements at concentrations of 0.01%, 0.1%, and 0.2% (w/w). The supplementation of 0.2% FC+RH resulted in the highest yield of ‛RD69’ (73%) and ‛HGD’ (30%). Although both FC and FC+RH did not significantly affect the AAC content of both cultivars, FC+RH decreased their %RAG. Interestingly, although FC+RH enhanced the antioxidant activity of the seeds of both cultivars, ‛RD69’ was more responsive to the effects of FC and FC+RH treatments than ‘HGD’, as significantly higher antioxidant levels were detected in ‛RD69’ seeds. These findings suggest that FC+RH supplementation can enhance the yield and quality of colored rice.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
RD69 had low AAC and high RAG.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- ‛RD69’e0
- Outcome
- low apparent amylose content (AAC) and a high percentage of rapidly available glucose (RAG)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‛RD69’ has low apparent amylose content (AAC) and a high percentage of rapidly available glucose (RAG)”
t0“Thai Colored Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
HGD had medium AAC and low RAG.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- ‛HGD’e0
- Outcome
- medium AAC and low %RAGe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‛HGD’ is the local Thai rice with medium AAC and low %RAG”
Claim · model-written summary
0.2% FC+RH yielded the highest RD69 yield, reported as 73%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ‛RD69’e0
- Treatment
- 0.2% FC+RHe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 73%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The supplementation of 0.2% FC+RH resulted in the highest yield of ‛RD69’ (73%)”
t0“Thai Colored Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
0.2% FC+RH yielded the highest HGD yield, reported as 30%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ‛HGD’e0
- Treatment
- 0.2% FC+RHe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 30%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The supplementation of 0.2% FC+RH resulted in the highest yield of ‛RD69’ (73%) and ‛HGD’ (30%)”
t0“Thai Colored Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
FC did not significantly affect AAC in the two cultivars.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- FCe0
- Outcome
- AAC contente0
- Direction
- did not significantly affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both FC and FC+RH did not significantly affect the AAC content of both cultivars”
t0“Thai Colored Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
FC+RH did not significantly affect AAC in the two cultivars.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- FC+RHe0
- Outcome
- AAC contente0
- Direction
- did not significantly affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both FC and FC+RH did not significantly affect the AAC content of both cultivars”
t0“Thai Colored Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
FC+RH decreased RAG in the two cultivars.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- FC+RHe0
- Outcome
- %RAGe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FC+RH decreased their %RAG”
t0“Thai Colored Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
FC+RH enhanced seed antioxidant activity in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- FC+RHe0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activity of the seedse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FC+RH enhanced the antioxidant activity of the seeds of both cultivars”
t0“Thai Colored Rice Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
RD69 seed antioxidant levels were significantly higher than HGD under FC and FC+RH.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- ‛RD69’e0
- Treatment
- FC and FC+RH treatmentse0
- Outcome
- antioxidant levelse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- ‘HGD’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‛RD69’ was more responsive to the effects of FC and FC+RH treatments than ‘HGD’, as significantly higher antioxidant levels were detected in ‛RD69’ seeds”
t0“Thai Colored Rice Cultivars”
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