Abstract
Introduction Crop rotation of tobacco with other crops could effectively break the negative impact of continuous tobacco cropping, but the mechanisms of intercropping system effects on tobacco, especially on the rhizosphere, are not clear. Methods In this study, we investigated the impact of intercropping system on the diversity and function of tobacco metabolites and microorganisms through metabolomic and metagenomic analyses of the tobacco rhizosphere microenvironment intercropped with maize and soybean. Results The results showed that the contents of huperzine b, chlorobenzene, and P-chlorophenylalanine in tobacco rhizosphere soils differed significantly among soybean-tobacco and maize-tobacco intercropping system. Chlorobenzene and P-chlorophenylalanine had the highest relative abundance under the soybean-tobacco intercropping system, and huperzine b had the highest relative abundance in the maize-tobacco cropping system. At the phylum level, the three most dominant strains were the same across all treatments: Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria , and Acidobacteria , with only minor differences in their abundance, with the fourth most abundant strain in both the tobacco monoculture. KEGG enrichment analysis of the tobacco rhizosphere soil microbiome revealed that intercropping significantly increased the abundance of metabolites in the ABC transporters pathway and up-regulated the LivK, LivH, Livg, LivM , and LivF genes of the branched-chain amino acid pathway Discussion Collectively, our results indicate that the intercropping could enhance the activity of Livs to enhance the ABC transport pathway, and thus improve the transmembrane transport ability of tobacco roots, thus reducing the negative impact of continuous tobacco cropping. At the same time, the maize-tobacco intercropping could promote the production and transportation of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and other bioactive substances in the tobacco root system, which could enhance tobacco adaptation capacity to abiotic stress.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco rhizosphere soil huperzine b content differed significantly between soybean and maize intercropping.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Outcome
- contents of huperzine be0
- Direction
- differede0
- Setting
- rhizosphere soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the contents of huperzine b, chlorobenzene, and P-chlorophenylalanine in tobacco rhizosphere soils differed significantly among soybean-tobacco and maize-tobacco intercropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco rhizosphere soil chlorobenzene content differed significantly between soybean and maize intercropping.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Outcome
- chlorobenzenee0
- Direction
- differede0
- Setting
- rhizosphere soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the contents of huperzine b, chlorobenzene, and P-chlorophenylalanine in tobacco rhizosphere soils differed significantly among soybean-tobacco and maize-tobacco intercropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco rhizosphere soil P-chlorophenylalanine content differed significantly between soybean and maize intercropping.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Outcome
- P-chlorophenylalaninee0
- Direction
- differede0
- Setting
- rhizosphere soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the contents of huperzine b, chlorobenzene, and P-chlorophenylalanine in tobacco rhizosphere soils differed significantly among soybean-tobacco and maize-tobacco intercropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorobenzene was most abundant under soybean–tobacco intercropping.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- soybean-tobacco intercropping systeme0
- Outcome
- Chlorobenzenee0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorobenzene and P-chlorophenylalanine had the highest relative abundance under the soybean-tobacco intercropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
P-chlorophenylalanine was most abundant under soybean–tobacco intercropping.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- soybean-tobacco intercropping systeme0
- Outcome
- P-chlorophenylalaninee0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorobenzene and P-chlorophenylalanine had the highest relative abundance under the soybean-tobacco intercropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Huperzine b was most abundant under maize–tobacco cropping.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- maize-tobacco cropping systeme0
- Outcome
- huperzine be0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“huperzine b had the highest relative abundance in the maize-tobacco cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria were the three dominant rhizosphere phyla across treatments, with small abundance differences.
- Interactor
- ProteobacteriaPseudomonadotae0symbiont
- Outcome
- three most dominant strainse0
- Direction
- samee0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“the three most dominant strains were the same across all treatments: Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria , and Acidobacteria , with only minor differences in their abundance”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping significantly increased abundance of metabolites in the ABC transporters pathway of tobacco rhizosphere soil microbiome.
- Treatment
- intercroppinge0
- Outcome
- abundance of metabolites in the ABC transporters pathwaye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“intercropping significantly increased the abundance of metabolites in the ABC transporters pathway”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping upregulated the LivK, LivH, Livg, LivM and LivF genes of the branched-chain amino acid pathway.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“up-regulated the LivK, LivH, Livg, LivM , and LivF genes of the branched-chain amino acid pathway”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that intercropping enhances Liv activity and ABC transport, improving tobacco root transmembrane transport and easing continuous-cropping harm.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Outcome
- transmembrane transport abilitye0
- Direction
- improvee0
- Qualifier
- activity of Livse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the intercropping could enhance the activity of Livs to enhance the ABC transport pathway, and thus improve the transmembrane transport ability of tobacco roots, thus reducing the negative impact of continuous tobacco cropping”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that maize–tobacco intercropping promotes production and transport of root phenolic acids, flavonoids and other bioactive compounds.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- maize-tobacco intercroppinge0
- Outcome
- production and transportation of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and other bioactive substancese0
- Direction
- promotee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize-tobacco intercropping could promote the production and transportation of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and other bioactive substances in the tobacco root system”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that maize–tobacco intercropping could increase tobacco adaptation to abiotic stress.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Outcome
- adaptation capacity to abiotic stresse0
- Direction
- enhancee0
- Qualifier
- abiotic stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which could enhance tobacco adaptation capacity to abiotic stress”
The same questions in other papers
intercropping · pest · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.