Abstract
The overall result indicated that intercropping significantly reduced the population of these insect pests compared to sole tomato. The most effective population reduction was recorded on tomato – onion (63.13%, 56.46%, and 25% in Aphids, Whiteflies and thrips respectively) next to karate (83.51, 73.74, and 66.04%) and tobacco leaf extract (77.31, 71.51, 69.34 in Aphids, Whiteflies and thrips respectively). The companion crops harbored the predators and parasitoids of diverse species predominantly. Tomato onion intercropping led the best performances in guarding tomato crop from major insect pests compared to other companion crops. Therefore, tomato onion intercrops can be used as the first options in boosting tomato production as an alternative to karate and tobacco leaf extract in sap-sucking insect pests’ management. Further study on the detailed morphological and molecular-based parasitoid species identification and their ecological host ranges are of utmost importance in the sustainable IPM strategies in tomato.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping significantly reduced the population of insect pests on tomato compared with sole tomato.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Treatment
- intercroppinge1
- Interactor
- sap-sucking insect pestse7pest
- Outcome
- populatione1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Comparator
- sole tomatoe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The overall result indicated that intercropping significantly reduced the population of these insect pests compared to sole tomato”
e7“tomato onion intercrops can be used as the first options in boosting tomato production as an alternative to karate and tobacco leaf extract in sap-sucking insect pests”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato – onion intercropping gave a 63.13% population reduction of aphids on tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- tomato – onione2
- Interactor
- AphidsAphidomorphae2pest
- Outcome
- population reductione2
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 63.13%e2
- Comparator
- sole tomatoe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The overall result indicated that intercropping significantly reduced the population of these insect pests compared to sole tomato”
e2“The most effective population reduction was recorded on tomato – onion (63.13%, 56.46%, and 25% in Aphids, Whiteflies and thrips respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato – onion intercropping gave a 56.46% population reduction of whiteflies on tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- tomato – onione2
- Interactor
- WhitefliesAleyrodoideae2pest
- Outcome
- population reductione2
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 56.46%e2
- Comparator
- sole tomatoe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The overall result indicated that intercropping significantly reduced the population of these insect pests compared to sole tomato”
e2“The most effective population reduction was recorded on tomato – onion (63.13%, 56.46%, and 25% in Aphids, Whiteflies and thrips respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato – onion intercropping gave a 25% population reduction of thrips on tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- tomato – onione2
- Outcome
- population reductione2
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 25%e2
- Comparator
- sole tomatoe1
ThripsOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The overall result indicated that intercropping significantly reduced the population of these insect pests compared to sole tomato”
e2“The most effective population reduction was recorded on tomato – onion (63.13%, 56.46%, and 25% in Aphids, Whiteflies and thrips respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Karate gave population reductions of 83.51, 73.74 and 66.04% for the sap-sucking insect pests on tomato, in the order listed.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- karatee3
- Interactor
- sap-sucking insect pestse7pest
- Outcome
- populatione1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 83.51, 73.74, and 66.04%e3
- Comparator
- sole tomatoe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The overall result indicated that intercropping significantly reduced the population of these insect pests compared to sole tomato”
e3“next to karate (83.51, 73.74, and 66.04%)”
e7“tomato onion intercrops can be used as the first options in boosting tomato production as an alternative to karate and tobacco leaf extract in sap-sucking insect pests”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco leaf extract gave population reductions of 77.31, 71.51 and 69.34% for the sap-sucking insect pests on tomato, in the order listed.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- tobacco leaf extracte4
- Interactor
- sap-sucking insect pestse7pest
- Outcome
- populatione1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 77.31, 71.51, 69.34e4
- Comparator
- sole tomatoe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The overall result indicated that intercropping significantly reduced the population of these insect pests compared to sole tomato”
e4“tobacco leaf extract (77.31, 71.51, 69.34 in Aphids, Whiteflies and thrips respectively)”
e7“tomato onion intercrops can be used as the first options in boosting tomato production as an alternative to karate and tobacco leaf extract in sap-sucking insect pests”
Claim · model-written summary
Companion crops on tomato harbored predators and parasitoids of diverse species.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume6
- Interactor
- predators and parasitoidse5biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- predators and parasitoidse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The companion crops harbored the predators and parasitoids of diverse species predominantly”
e6“Tomato onion intercropping led the best performances in guarding tomato crop from major insect pests compared to other companion crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato – onion intercropping gave the best performance in guarding tomato from major insect pests compared with other companion crops.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume6
- Treatment
- Tomato onion intercroppinge6
- Interactor
- major insect pestse6pest
- Outcome
- best performances in guarding tomato crope6
- Direction
- lede6
- Comparator
- other companion cropse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Tomato onion intercropping led the best performances in guarding tomato crop from major insect pests compared to other companion crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato onion intercrops should be the first option for boosting tomato production in place of karate and tobacco leaf extract for sap-sucking insect pest management.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Outcome
- tomato onion intercrops can be used as the first optionse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“tomato onion intercrops can be used as the first options in boosting tomato production as an alternative to karate and tobacco leaf extract in sap-sucking insect pests”
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