Paper · 2024 · Mağallaẗ zirāʿaẗ al-rāfidayn

RESPONSE OF ANTIOXIDATIVE ENZYMES IN BREAD WHEAT UNDER WATER STRESS AND EXOGENOUS GLYCINE BETAINE

Rahma A. Yahya; Omar Abdulmawjood Abdulkader

6
claims
18
verbatim quotes
1
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

The experiment has been conducted in a greenhouse at the University of Mosul - Republic of Iraq, to study the effect of Glycine betaine(GB) on stressed and water-balanced wheat, and the study included three factors: the first factor is two cultivars of wheat, the second factor is water stress using (PEG-6000) (0, -0.6,-1.2 MPa), the third factor is GB (0,100 mmol l-1), and the following traits were studied: CAT, SOD, APOX and RWC in the flag leaf, plant yield, Dry plant weight and harvest index%. The Exogenous of GB improved the resistance of two cultivars to water stress and led to A significant increase in RWC, CAT, SOD, APOX, grain yield and Dry plant weight in the absence and presence of water stress, and GB encourages plants to trend in seed formation and convert the substances they produce into grains. Water stress caused an increase in CAT, SOD, APOX, decreasing RWC.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 6

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Exogenous glycine betaine significantly increased CAT, SOD and APOX in wheat with and without water stress.

Taxon
bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment
Exogenous of GBe0
Outcome
CAT, SOD, APOXe1
Direction
significant increasee1
Qualifier
in the absence and presence of water stresse1
Setting
greenhouse at the University of Mosul - Republic of Iraqe5

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“BREAD WHEAT”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–48 · show in text ↑
e0

“The Exogenous of GB improved the resistance of two cultivars to water stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 502–578 · show in text ↑
e1

“led to A significant increase in RWC, CAT, SOD, APOX, grain yield and Dry plant weight in the absence and presence of water stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 583–713 · show in text ↑
e5

“The experiment has been conducted in a greenhouse at the University of Mosul - Republic of Iraq”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–95 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Exogenous glycine betaine significantly increased relative water content in wheat with and without water stress.

Taxon
bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment
Exogenous of GBe0
Outcome
RWCe1
Direction
significant increasee1
Qualifier
in the absence and presence of water stresse1
Setting
greenhouse at the University of Mosul - Republic of Iraqe5

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“BREAD WHEAT”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–48 · show in text ↑
e0

“The Exogenous of GB improved the resistance of two cultivars to water stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 502–578 · show in text ↑
e1

“led to A significant increase in RWC, CAT, SOD, APOX, grain yield and Dry plant weight in the absence and presence of water stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 583–713 · show in text ↑
e5

“The experiment has been conducted in a greenhouse at the University of Mosul - Republic of Iraq”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–95 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Exogenous glycine betaine significantly increased grain yield and dry plant weight of wheat with and without water stress.

Taxon
bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment
Exogenous of GBe0
Outcome
grain yield and Dry plant weighte1
Direction
significant increasee1
Qualifier
in the absence and presence of water stresse1
Setting
greenhouse at the University of Mosul - Republic of Iraqe5

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“BREAD WHEAT”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–48 · show in text ↑
e0

“The Exogenous of GB improved the resistance of two cultivars to water stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 502–578 · show in text ↑
e1

“led to A significant increase in RWC, CAT, SOD, APOX, grain yield and Dry plant weight in the absence and presence of water stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 583–713 · show in text ↑
e5

“The experiment has been conducted in a greenhouse at the University of Mosul - Republic of Iraq”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–95 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Water stress increased CAT, SOD and APOX in wheat.

Taxon
bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment
Water stresse2
Outcome
CAT, SOD, APOXe2
Direction
increasee2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“BREAD WHEAT”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–48 · show in text ↑
e2

“Water stress caused an increase in CAT, SOD, APOX, decreasing RWC”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 820–885 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Water stress decreased relative water content in wheat.

Taxon
bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment
Water stresse2
Outcome
RWCe2
Direction
decreasinge2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“BREAD WHEAT”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–48 · show in text ↑
e2

“Water stress caused an increase in CAT, SOD, APOX, decreasing RWC”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 820–885 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Glycine betaine encourages wheat plants to form seeds and convert their substances into grains.

Taxon
bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment
GBe3
Outcome
seed formatione3
Qualifier
convert the substances they produce into grainse3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“BREAD WHEAT”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–48 · show in text ↑
e3

“GB encourages plants to trend in seed formation and convert the substances they produce into grains”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 719–818 · show in text ↑

glycine betaine · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

16 papers: 14 positive, 2 negative or no effect

13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. positive

12 papers more in this group

See all 16 papers →

glycine betaine · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree

6 papers: 6 positive, 0 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

glycine betaine · physiology: water · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree

6 papers: 6 positive, 0 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

drought · physiology: water · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

206 papers: 60 positive, 146 negative or no effect

145 papers in the same direction as this paper · 60 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

202 papers more in this group

See all 206 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.