Abstract
The most vital and ancient seed legume is the soybean (Glycine max L. Merril), contributing significantly to global protein concentrate used in animal feed and edible oil production. In the present study, an efficient and improved plant regeneration protocol was developed for soybean. Various explants, viz., apical meristem, shoot tip, and nodal segment, were collected from in vitro germinated seedlings of six commercially cultivated varieties- Phule Durva (KDS-992), Phule Kimaya (KDS-753), Phule Sangam (KDS-726), JS-335, DS-228 and JS-9305. Seeds were surface sterilized with Tween-20 for 20 minutes, Bavistin (1%) + Streptocycline (0.5%) for 20 minutes, HgCl2 (0.1%) for 45 seconds, NaOCl (1%) for 60 seconds, and ethanol (70%) for 30 seconds, then soaked overnight in autoclaved double-distilled water. Before inoculation, seeds were pretreated with BAP (1%) solution for two seconds for better germination. Treated seeds inoculated on MS + 1 mg/l BAP and B5 media revealed maximum germination (95%), with Phule Durva (95%) and Phule Kimaya (90%) performing best. Shoot induction from different explants was evaluated, with nodal segments showing optimal shoot development in MS + 2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.3 mg/l GA3 media. Phule Kimaya and Phule Durva showed higher shoot induction rates. Profuse rooting was obtained in ½MS + 2.0 mg/l IBA + 0.1 g/l charcoal nutrient media, with Phule Sangam and Phule Kimaya performing better. For primary hardening, coco peat:sand (1:1), and for secondary hardening, soil : organic mixture (1:1) marked maximum survival. The optimized protocol helps in successful transgenic production and gene editing.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Treated soybean seeds had maximum germination of 95% on MS plus BAP and B5 media.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- MS + 1 mg/l BAP and B5 mediae0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 95%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treated seeds inoculated on MS + 1 mg/l BAP and B5 media revealed maximum germination (95%)”
t0“Soybean (Glycine max L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phule Durva showed 95% germination and performed best.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Phule Durvae0
- Outcome
- germinatione1
- Direction
- performing beste0
- Value
- 95%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phule Durva (95%) and Phule Kimaya (90%) performing best”
t0“Soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e1“Treated seeds inoculated on MS + 1 mg/l BAP and B5 media revealed maximum germination (95%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phule Kimaya showed 90% germination and performed best.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Phule Kimayae0
- Outcome
- germinatione1
- Value
- 90%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phule Durva (95%) and Phule Kimaya (90%) performing best”
t0“Soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e1“Treated seeds inoculated on MS + 1 mg/l BAP and B5 media revealed maximum germination (95%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nodal segments gave optimal shoot development on MS plus BAP and GA3 medium.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- nodal segmentse0
- Treatment
- MS + 2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.3 mg/l GA3 mediae0
- Outcome
- shoot developmente0
- Direction
- optimale0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nodal segments showing optimal shoot development in MS + 2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.3 mg/l GA3 media”
t0“Soybean (Glycine max L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phule Kimaya had higher shoot induction rates.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Phule Kimayae0
- Outcome
- shoot induction ratese0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phule Kimaya and Phule Durva showed higher shoot induction rates”
t0“Soybean (Glycine max L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phule Durva had higher shoot induction rates.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Phule Durvae0
- Outcome
- shoot induction ratese0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phule Kimaya and Phule Durva showed higher shoot induction rates”
t0“Soybean (Glycine max L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rooting was profuse in half-strength MS with IBA and charcoal.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- ½MS + 2.0 mg/l IBA + 0.1 g/l charcoal nutrient mediae0
- Outcome
- Profuse rootinge0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Profuse rooting was obtained in ½MS + 2.0 mg/l IBA + 0.1 g/l charcoal nutrient media”
t0“Soybean (Glycine max L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Phule Sangam performed better for rooting.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Phule Sangame0
- Outcome
- performing bettere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phule Sangam and Phule Kimaya performing better”
t0“Soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e1“Profuse rooting was obtained”
Claim · model-written summary
Phule Kimaya performed better for rooting.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Phule Kimayae0
- Outcome
- performing bettere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phule Sangam and Phule Kimaya performing better”
t0“Soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e1“Profuse rooting was obtained”
Claim · model-written summary
Coco peat and sand gave maximum survival in primary hardening.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- coco peat:sand (1:1)e0
- Outcome
- survivale0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For primary hardening, coco peat:sand (1:1), and for secondary hardening, soil : organic mixture (1:1) marked maximum survival”
t0“Soybean (Glycine max L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil and organic mixture gave maximum survival in secondary hardening.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- soil : organic mixture (1:1)e0
- Outcome
- survivale0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For primary hardening, coco peat:sand (1:1), and for secondary hardening, soil : organic mixture (1:1) marked maximum survival”
t0“Soybean (Glycine max L.)”
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