Abstract
The quality of potted ornamental plants depends on their architecture, which should be compact and branched. Among the techniques for controlling this architecture, LED lighting, by manipulating light quality, offers an effective means of regulating elongation and branching. In rose, the addition of far-red (FR) light stimulated branching but induced excessive stem elongation, i.e., internode elongation. However, some varieties remained insensitive to this effect, demonstrating phenotypic stability. This study investigated the underlying mechanisms of internode elongation in response to FR in two rose cultivars, ‘The Fairy’ (TF) and Knock Out® Radrazz (KO), selected for their respective architectural plasticity and stability to FR. In TF, exposure to FR induced elongation of internodes, driven by cell division, with an increase in gibberellin A4 (GA4) level and a reduction in defense hormones (salicylic acid and jasmonic acid; JA). In contrast, in KO, exposure to FR did not induce internode elongation but caused cell elongation. This effect was accompanied by a reduction in cell number, modulated by hormonal changes (particularly GA4 and JA) and the inhibition of Block of cell proliferation 1, thereby limiting cell division. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying architectural stability might lead to developing strategies to produce compact, branched plants, regardless of environmental conditions.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Far-red exposure elongated internodes in The Fairy.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In TF, exposure to FR induced elongation of internodes, driven by cell division, with an increase in gibberellin A4 (GA4) level and a reduction in defense hormones (salicylic acid and jasmonic acid; JA)”
t0“Rose Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell division drove internode elongation in The Fairy under far-red light.
Verbatim
e0“In TF, exposure to FR induced elongation of internodes, driven by cell division”
t0“Rose Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Far-red exposure increased GA4 in The Fairy.
- Taxon
- roset0
- Material
- TFe0
- Treatment
- exposure to FRe0
- Outcome
- gibberellin A4 (GA4) levele0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In TF, exposure to FR induced elongation of internodes, driven by cell division, with an increase in gibberellin A4 (GA4) level and a reduction in defense hormones (salicylic acid and jasmonic acid; JA)”
t0“Rose Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Far-red exposure reduced salicylic and jasmonic acids in The Fairy.
- Taxon
- roset0
- Material
- TFe0
- Treatment
- exposure to FRe0
- Outcome
- defense hormones (salicylic acid and jasmonic acid; JA)e0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In TF, exposure to FR induced elongation of internodes, driven by cell division, with an increase in gibberellin A4 (GA4) level and a reduction in defense hormones (salicylic acid and jasmonic acid; JA)”
t0“Rose Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Far-red exposure did not induce internode elongation in Knock Out Radrazz.
- Taxon
- roset0
- Material
- KOe0
- Treatment
- exposure to FRe0
- Outcome
- internode elongatione0
- Direction
- did not inducee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In contrast, in KO, exposure to FR did not induce internode elongation but caused cell elongation”
t0“Rose Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Far-red exposure caused cell elongation in Knock Out Radrazz.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In contrast, in KO, exposure to FR did not induce internode elongation but caused cell elongation”
t0“Rose Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell number declined in Knock Out Radrazz under far-red light.
Not reportedMaterialComparator
Verbatim
e0“This effect was accompanied by a reduction in cell number, modulated by hormonal changes (particularly GA4 and JA) and the inhibition of Block of cell proliferation 1, thereby limiting cell division”
t0“Response to Far-Red in Two Rose Genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibition of Block of cell proliferation 1 limited cell division in Knock Out Radrazz.
Verbatim
e0“the inhibition of Block of cell proliferation 1, thereby limiting cell division”
t0“Rose Genotypes”
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