Abstract
Abstract Biostimulants can improve mineral nutrient effectiveness, but the physiological mechanisms by which seaweed extract, a natural biostimulant, and boron (B) fertilizer promote the growth of sugar beet under B deficiency are not clear. In this study, B and seaweed extract were applied under B‐deficiency (0.32 mg B kg −1 soil) and potentially B‐deficient conditions (0.69 mg B kg −1 soil), and the growth and photochemical properties of sugar beet seedlings were investigated. The results indicated that B application alone or with seaweed extract promoted sugar beet growth, with the combined application having a significantly enhanced effect. When comparing the two soils with different B content (deficient and moderately deficient), the spray of seaweed extract under the B‐deficient condition was more effective. After the addition of seaweed extract, the B content of the shoots and roots increased by 28.56% and 12.64%, respectively, under B deficiency(0.32 mg B kg −1 soil). Furthermore, the content of chlorophyll a (Chla), chlorophyll b (Chlb), and the net photosynthesis rate (P n ) increased by 8.96%, 30.57%, and 13.74%, respectively. The addition of seaweed extract significantly improved the light saturation point (P m ), with a 35.00% increase compared to the control. Additionally, it increased the quantum yield ( ET O /CS m ) of leaf electron transfer per unit area and reduced the absorption of light energy loss of the PS reaction center ( DI O /RC ) and per unit area ( DI O /CS m ), thereby improving photosynthetic performance and significantly increasing aboveground dry matter accumulation by 19.05%. In conclusion, seaweed extract can enhance B absorption, light energy capture and utilization ability. It provides the theoretical evidence for the regulation of B nutrition in sugar beet and the rational application of biostimulants.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Boron application alone promoted sugar beet growth.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Treatment
- B application alonee1
- Outcome
- growthe1
- Direction
- promotede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e1“The results indicated that B application alone or with seaweed extract promoted sugar beet growth, with the combined application having a significantly enhanced effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract combined with boron significantly enhanced sugar beet growth compared with boron alone.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- seaweed extracte1
- Outcome
- growthe1
- Direction
- significantly enhancede1
- Comparator
- B application alonee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e1“The results indicated that B application alone or with seaweed extract promoted sugar beet growth, with the combined application having a significantly enhanced effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Spray of seaweed extract under B-deficient conditions was more effective than under moderately deficient soil.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- spray of seaweed extracte2
- Outcome
- was more effectivee2
- Direction
- was more effectivee2
- Qualifier
- under the B‐deficient conditione2
- Comparator
- moderately deficiente2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e2“When comparing the two soils with different B content (deficient and moderately deficient), the spray of seaweed extract under the B‐deficient condition was more effective”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract increased sugar beet shoot B content by 28.56% under B deficiency.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Organ / stage
- shootse3
- Treatment
- seaweed extracte3
- Outcome
- B contente3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 28.56%e3
- Qualifier
- 0.32 mg B kg −1 soile3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e3“After the addition of seaweed extract, the B content of the shoots and roots increased by 28.56% and 12.64%, respectively, under B deficiency(0.32 mg B kg −1 soil)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract increased sugar beet root B content by 12.64% under B deficiency.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Organ / stage
- rootse3
- Treatment
- seaweed extracte3
- Outcome
- B contente3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 12.64%e3
- Qualifier
- 0.32 mg B kg −1 soile3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e3“After the addition of seaweed extract, the B content of the shoots and roots increased by 28.56% and 12.64%, respectively, under B deficiency(0.32 mg B kg −1 soil)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract increased chlorophyll a content by 8.96%.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- seaweed extracte3
- Outcome
- content of chlorophyll a (Chla)e4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 8.96%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e3“After the addition of seaweed extract, the B content of the shoots and roots increased by 28.56% and 12.64%, respectively, under B deficiency(0.32 mg B kg −1 soil)”
e4“Furthermore, the content of chlorophyll a (Chla), chlorophyll b (Chlb), and the net photosynthesis rate (P n ) increased by 8.96%, 30.57%, and 13.74%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract increased chlorophyll b content by 30.57%.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- seaweed extracte3
- Outcome
- chlorophyll b (Chlb)e4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 30.57%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e3“After the addition of seaweed extract, the B content of the shoots and roots increased by 28.56% and 12.64%, respectively, under B deficiency(0.32 mg B kg −1 soil)”
e4“Furthermore, the content of chlorophyll a (Chla), chlorophyll b (Chlb), and the net photosynthesis rate (P n ) increased by 8.96%, 30.57%, and 13.74%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract increased the net photosynthesis rate by 13.74%.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- seaweed extracte3
- Outcome
- net photosynthesis ratee4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 13.74%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e3“After the addition of seaweed extract, the B content of the shoots and roots increased by 28.56% and 12.64%, respectively, under B deficiency(0.32 mg B kg −1 soil)”
e4“Furthermore, the content of chlorophyll a (Chla), chlorophyll b (Chlb), and the net photosynthesis rate (P n ) increased by 8.96%, 30.57%, and 13.74%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract significantly raised the light saturation point of sugar beet leaves by 35.00% compared with the control.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- addition of seaweed extracte5
- Outcome
- light saturation pointe5
- Direction
- improvede5
- Value
- 35.00%e5
- Comparator
- controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e5“The addition of seaweed extract significantly improved the light saturation point (P m ), with a 35.00% increase compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract increased the quantum yield of leaf electron transfer per unit area in sugar beet.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- addition of seaweed extracte5
- Outcome
- quantum yield ( ET O /CS m )e6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Qualifier
- of leaf electron transfer per unit areae6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e5“The addition of seaweed extract significantly improved the light saturation point (P m ), with a 35.00% increase compared to the control”
e6“Additionally, it increased the quantum yield ( ET O /CS m ) of leaf electron transfer per unit area and reduced the absorption of light energy loss of the PS reaction center ( DI O /RC ) and per unit area ( DI O /CS m ), thereby improving photosynthetic performance and significantly increasing aboveground dry matter accumulation by 19.05%”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract reduced light energy loss absorption of the PS reaction center in sugar beet.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- addition of seaweed extracte5
- Outcome
- absorption of light energy loss of the PS reaction center ( DI O /RC )e6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Qualifier
- and per unit area ( DI O /CS m )e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e5“The addition of seaweed extract significantly improved the light saturation point (P m ), with a 35.00% increase compared to the control”
e6“Additionally, it increased the quantum yield ( ET O /CS m ) of leaf electron transfer per unit area and reduced the absorption of light energy loss of the PS reaction center ( DI O /RC ) and per unit area ( DI O /CS m ), thereby improving photosynthetic performance and significantly increasing aboveground dry matter accumulation by 19.05%”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract significantly increased sugar beet aboveground dry matter accumulation by 19.05%.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- addition of seaweed extracte5
- Outcome
- aboveground dry matter accumulatione6
- Direction
- significantly increasinge6
- Value
- 19.05%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“sugar beet”
e5“The addition of seaweed extract significantly improved the light saturation point (P m ), with a 35.00% increase compared to the control”
e6“Additionally, it increased the quantum yield ( ET O /CS m ) of leaf electron transfer per unit area and reduced the absorption of light energy loss of the PS reaction center ( DI O /RC ) and per unit area ( DI O /CS m ), thereby improving photosynthetic performance and significantly increasing aboveground dry matter accumulation by 19.05%”
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See all 28 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.