Abstract
Abstract Freshwater scarcity has increased the reliance on low quality water for irrigation purposes. Brackish and/or high salinity irrigation water may increase soil salinity and reduce yields. This study was carried out for two consecutive seasons to study the effect of magnetic treatment of brackish water and soil mulching on strawberry growth and productivity and soil moisture-salinity distribution. For this purpose, three irrigation water types were used: tap water (W 1 ), brackish water (W 2 ), and magnetically treated brackish water (W 3 ). Four different soil mulches were evaluated: rice straw mulch applied at rate of 3 t ha −1 (M 1 ), rice straw mulch applied at rate of 5 t ha −1 (M 2 ), white polyethylene plastic mulch (M 3 ), and black polyethylene plastic mulch (M 4 ) compared to bare soil (M 0 ). The results revealed that magnetic water treatment (MWT) and soil mulching significantly enhanced crop growth and productivity and improved soil moisture-salinity distribution. The difference between M 2 and M 4 was not statistically significant in almost all the studied traits in both growing seasons. This result highlights the potential of using rice straw as a sustainable alternative to plastic mulch in strawberry cultivation. Strawberry marketable yield and water productivity increased significantly by 26.7% and 18.6% over the two growing seasons as a result of MWT, compared to untreated water. Moreover, MWT had a positive effect on reducing soil salinization. MWT led to a significant decrease in soil salinity by 17.8% compared to untreated water (W 2 ) and the difference in soil salinity between W 1 and W 3 was not statistically significant. The integration of MWT and straw mulch at 5 t ha −1 (W 3 M 2 ) has resulted in marketable yield increase of 32.6 and 40.9% compared to brackish water irrigation and bare soil conditions (W 2 M 0 ). Hence W 3 M 2 could be adopted as a sustainable management practice for safe use of brackish irrigation water in strawberry cultivation
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Magnetic water treatment and soil mulching significantly enhanced strawberry crop growth and productivity.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassae1 - Treatment
- magnetic water treatment (MWT) and soil mulchinge0
- Outcome
- crop growth and productivitye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed that magnetic water treatment (MWT) and soil mulching significantly enhanced crop growth and productivity and improved soil moisture-salinity distribution”
e1“on strawberry growth and productivity and soil moisture-salinity distribution”
Claim · model-written summary
Magnetic water treatment and soil mulching significantly improved the soil moisture-salinity distribution under strawberry.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- magnetic water treatment (MWT) and soil mulchinge0
- Outcome
- soil moisture-salinity distributione0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed that magnetic water treatment (MWT) and soil mulching significantly enhanced crop growth and productivity and improved soil moisture-salinity distribution”
e1“on strawberry growth and productivity and soil moisture-salinity distribution”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw mulch at 5 t ha −1 did not differ significantly from black polyethylene mulch in almost all studied strawberry traits in both seasons.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- rice straw mulch applied at rate of 5 t ha −1 (M 2 )e3
- Outcome
- studied traitse2
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede2
- Comparator
- black polyethylene plastic mulch (M 4 )e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on strawberry growth and productivity and soil moisture-salinity distribution”
e2“The difference between M 2 and M 4 was not statistically significant in almost all the studied traits in both growing seasons”
e3“rice straw mulch applied at rate of 5 t ha −1 (M 2 ), white polyethylene plastic mulch (M 3 ), and black polyethylene plastic mulch (M 4 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Magnetic water treatment increased strawberry marketable yield by 26.7% over two seasons compared with untreated water.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassae4
- Treatment
- MWTe4
- Outcome
- marketable yielde4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 26.7%e4
- Comparator
- untreated watere4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Strawberry marketable yield and water productivity increased significantly by 26.7% and 18.6% over the two growing seasons as a result of MWT, compared to untreated water”
Claim · model-written summary
Magnetic water treatment increased strawberry water productivity by 18.6% over two seasons compared with untreated water.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassae4
- Treatment
- MWTe4
- Outcome
- water productivitye4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 18.6%e4
- Comparator
- untreated watere4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Strawberry marketable yield and water productivity increased significantly by 26.7% and 18.6% over the two growing seasons as a result of MWT, compared to untreated water”
Claim · model-written summary
Magnetic water treatment significantly decreased soil salinity by 17.8% compared with untreated brackish water under strawberry.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- MWTe5
- Outcome
- soil salinitye5
- Direction
- decreasee5
- Value
- 17.8%e5
- Comparator
- untreated water (W 2 )e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on strawberry growth and productivity and soil moisture-salinity distribution”
e5“MWT led to a significant decrease in soil salinity by 17.8% compared to untreated water (W 2 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Integration of magnetic water treatment and straw mulch increased strawberry marketable yield compared with brackish water irrigation (32.6%).
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- integration of MWT and straw mulche6
- Outcome
- marketable yielde6
- Direction
- increasee6
- Value
- 32.6e6
- Comparator
- brackish water irrigatione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on strawberry growth and productivity and soil moisture-salinity distribution”
e6“The integration of MWT and straw mulch at 5 t ha −1 (W 3 M 2 ) has resulted in marketable yield increase of 32.6 and 40.9% compared to brackish water irrigation and bare soil conditions (W 2 M 0 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Integration of magnetic water treatment and straw mulch increased strawberry marketable yield compared with bare soil (40.9%).
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- integration of MWT and straw mulche6
- Outcome
- marketable yielde6
- Direction
- increasee6
- Value
- 40.9%e6
- Comparator
- bare soil conditionse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on strawberry growth and productivity and soil moisture-salinity distribution”
e6“The integration of MWT and straw mulch at 5 t ha −1 (W 3 M 2 ) has resulted in marketable yield increase of 32.6 and 40.9% compared to brackish water irrigation and bare soil conditions (W 2 M 0 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Magnetic treatment of brackish water with straw mulch at 5 t ha −1 could be adopted as a sustainable practice for safe use of brackish irrigation water in strawberry cultivation.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae7
- Outcome
- sustainable management practice for safe use of brackish irrigation watere7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“W 3 M 2 could be adopted as a sustainable management practice for safe use of brackish irrigation water in strawberry cultivation”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw is a sustainable alternative to plastic mulch in strawberry cultivation.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Outcome
- using rice straw as a sustainable alternative to plastic mulche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This result highlights the potential of using rice straw as a sustainable alternative to plastic mulch in strawberry cultivation”
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