Abstract
Understanding spring bud phenology is important for predicting tree responses to changing climates and selecting the clones appropriate for various regions. This study assessed how summer drought affects bud development in six poplar and three willow clones. Experimental plants were grown in pots under three levels of water deficiency – 75%, 50%, and 25% moisture by volume compared to the control (light, moderate, and severe stress) throughout the growing season, preceded by monitoring of spring phenology. Bud assessments of one-year-old plants started nine months after initiating the drought treatment. Bud development was observed for 45 days using a six-score scale, which measures developmental stages ranging from dormancy (0) to full leaf expansion (6). Under control watering, poplar buds developed faster than willow buds. Additionally, drought had no significant effect on willow buds, so we focused on the impact of drought on poplar bud development, which was affected by moderate and severe stress. Plant survivability in both poplars and willows decreased under severe drought, whereas moderate and light stress had no impact. In terms of bud development, poplar clones ‘Gulliver’, ‘Novoberlinska-3’, and ‘Slava Ukrainy’ coped with stress faster than others, while ‘Volosystoplidna’ was the most drought-sensitive. The studied tree clones can survive under 50% of water shortage in the pots, but such severe drought conditions delayed bud development. We suppose that the most actively growing clones might be more sensitive to water shortage. Contrastingly, less productive clones were more drought-tolerant, as their bud development “recovered” faster. Therefore, such clones, even being less productive, could survive severe drought compared to clones, that are highly productive under optimal conditions. Our findings provide insights into clone selection for drought-prone environments. They also advance the understanding of woody plant responses to a changing climate.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Under control watering poplar buds developed faster than willow buds.
PopulusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under control watering, poplar buds developed faster than willow buds.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought had no significant effect on willow buds.
SalixNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drought had no significant effect on willow buds”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderate and severe drought affected poplar bud development.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“poplar bud development, which was affected by moderate and severe stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe drought decreased survival of both poplars and willows.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant survivability in both poplars and willows decreased under severe drought”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderate and light drought did not affect survival.
- Taxon
- poplar and willow clonest0
- Treatment
- moderate and light stresse0
- Outcome
- impacte0
- Direction
- no impacte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“moderate and light stress had no impact”
t0“poplar and willow clones”
Claim · model-written summary
Gulliver, Novoberlinska-3 and Slava Ukrainy recovered from stress faster than other poplar clones.
- Material
- ‘Gulliver’, ‘Novoberlinska-3’, and ‘Slava Ukrainy’e0
- Outcome
- coped with stresse0
- Direction
- fastere0
- Comparator
- otherse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“poplar clones ‘Gulliver’, ‘Novoberlinska-3’, and ‘Slava Ukrainy’ coped with stress faster than others”
Claim · model-written summary
Volosystoplidna was the most drought sensitive poplar clone.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Volosystoplidna’ was the most drought-sensitive”
t0“poplar”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe drought delayed bud development despite clone survival under 50% water shortage.
- Taxon
- poplar and willow clonest0
- Treatment
- severe drought conditionse0
- Outcome
- bud developmente0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Qualifier
- 50% of water shortagee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The studied tree clones can survive under 50% of water shortage in the pots, but such severe drought conditions delayed bud development.”
t0“poplar and willow clones”
The same questions in other papers
drought · survival · Populus (poplar)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.