Abstract
Oilseed rape ( Brassica napus ), one of the most important sources of vegetable oil worldwide, is adversely impacted by heatwave-induced temperature stress especially during its yield-determining reproductive stages. However, the underlying molecular and biochemical mechanisms are still poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the transcriptomic and metabolomic responses to heat stress in B. napus plants exposed to a gradual increase in temperature reaching 30°C in the day and 24°C at night for a period of 6 days. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to quantify the content of carbohydrates and glucosinolates, respectively. Results showed that heat stress reduced yield and altered oil composition. Heat stress also increased the content of carbohydrate (glucose, fructose, and sucrose) and aliphatic glucosinolates (gluconapin and progoitrin) in the leaves but decreased the content of the indolic glucosinolate (glucobrassicin). RNA-Seq analysis of flower buds showed a total of 1,892, 3,253, and 4,553 differentially expressed genes at 0, 1, and 2 days after treatment (DAT) and 4,165 and 1,713 at 1 and 7 days of recovery (DOR), respectively. Heat treatment resulted in downregulation of genes involved in respiratory metabolism, namely, glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, citrate cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation especially after 48 h of heat stress. Other downregulated genes mapped to sugar transporters, nitrogen transport and storage, cell wall modification, and methylation. In contrast, upregulated genes mapped to small heat shock proteins (sHSP20) and other heat shock factors that play important roles in thermotolerance. Furthermore, two genes were chosen from the pathways involved in the heat stress response to further examine their expression using real-time RT-qPCR. The global transcriptome profiling, integrated with the metabolic analysis in the study, shed the light on key genes and metabolic pathways impacted and responded to abiotic stresses exhibited as a result of exposure to heat waves during flowering. DEGs and metabolites identified through this study could serve as important biomarkers for breeding programs to select cultivars with stronger resistance to heat. In particular, these biomarkers can form targets for various crop breeding and improvement techniques such as marker-assisted selection.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress reduced Brassica napus yield.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napust0 - Treatment
- heat stresse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Results showed that heat stress reduced yield and altered oil composition.”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress altered Brassica napus oil composition.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- heat stresse0
- Outcome
- oil compositione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results showed that heat stress reduced yield and altered oil composition.”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress increased leaf glucose, fructose and sucrose content in Brassica napus.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Heat stresse0
- Outcome
- content of carbohydrate (glucose, fructose, and sucrose)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Heat stress also increased the content of carbohydrate (glucose, fructose, and sucrose) and aliphatic glucosinolates (gluconapin and progoitrin) in the leaves”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress increased leaf aliphatic glucosinolates gluconapin and progoitrin in Brassica napus.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Heat stresse0
- Outcome
- aliphatic glucosinolates (gluconapin and progoitrin)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Heat stress also increased the content of carbohydrate (glucose, fructose, and sucrose) and aliphatic glucosinolates (gluconapin and progoitrin) in the leaves”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress decreased leaf glucobrassicin content in Brassica napus.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Heat stresse0
- Outcome
- content of the indolic glucosinolate (glucobrassicin)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Heat stress also increased the content of carbohydrate (glucose, fructose, and sucrose) and aliphatic glucosinolates (gluconapin and progoitrin) in the leaves but decreased the content of the indolic glucosinolate (glucobrassicin).”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
RNA sequencing identified 1,892 differentially expressed genes in Brassica napus flower buds at 0 days after treatment.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Organ / stage
- flower budse0
- Outcome
- differentially expressed genese0
- Value
- 1,892e0
- Qualifier
- 0e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RNA-Seq analysis of flower buds showed a total of 1,892, 3,253, and 4,553 differentially expressed genes at 0, 1, and 2 days after treatment (DAT)”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
RNA sequencing identified 3,253 differentially expressed genes in Brassica napus flower buds at 1 day after treatment.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Organ / stage
- flower budse0
- Outcome
- differentially expressed genese0
- Value
- 3,253e0
- Qualifier
- 1e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RNA-Seq analysis of flower buds showed a total of 1,892, 3,253, and 4,553 differentially expressed genes at 0, 1, and 2 days after treatment (DAT)”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
RNA sequencing identified 4,553 differentially expressed genes in Brassica napus flower buds at 2 days after treatment.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Organ / stage
- flower budse0
- Outcome
- differentially expressed genese0
- Value
- 4,553e0
- Qualifier
- 2 days after treatmente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RNA-Seq analysis of flower buds showed a total of 1,892, 3,253, and 4,553 differentially expressed genes at 0, 1, and 2 days after treatment (DAT)”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
RNA sequencing identified 4,165 differentially expressed genes in Brassica napus flower buds at 1 day of recovery.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Organ / stage
- flower budse0
- Outcome
- differentially expressed genese0
- Value
- 4,165e0
- Qualifier
- 1e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RNA-Seq analysis of flower buds showed a total of 1,892, 3,253, and 4,553 differentially expressed genes at 0, 1, and 2 days after treatment (DAT) and 4,165 and 1,713 at 1 and 7 days of recovery (DOR), respectively.”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
RNA sequencing identified 1,713 differentially expressed genes in Brassica napus flower buds at 7 days of recovery.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Organ / stage
- flower budse0
- Outcome
- differentially expressed genese0
- Value
- 1,713e0
- Qualifier
- 7 days of recoverye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RNA-Seq analysis of flower buds showed a total of 1,892, 3,253, and 4,553 differentially expressed genes at 0, 1, and 2 days after treatment (DAT) and 4,165 and 1,713 at 1 and 7 days of recovery (DOR), respectively.”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat treatment downregulated Brassica napus genes involved in glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway and the citrate cycle, especially after 48 hours.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- Heat treatmente0
- Outcome
- genes involved in respiratory metabolisme0
- Direction
- downregulatione0
- Qualifier
- glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, citrate cyclee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Heat treatment resulted in downregulation of genes involved in respiratory metabolism, namely, glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, citrate cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation especially after 48 h of heat stress.”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat treatment downregulated Brassica napus genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, especially after 48 hours.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- Heat treatmente0
- Outcome
- genes involved in respiratory metabolisme0
- Direction
- downregulatione0
- Qualifier
- oxidative phosphorylation especially after 48 h of heat stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Heat treatment resulted in downregulation of genes involved in respiratory metabolism, namely, glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, citrate cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation especially after 48 h of heat stress.”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Other downregulated Brassica napus genes mapped to sugar transporters, nitrogen transport and storage, and cell wall modification.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Outcome
- genes mapped to sugar transporters, nitrogen transport and storage, cell wall modificatione0
- Direction
- downregulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Other downregulated genes mapped to sugar transporters, nitrogen transport and storage, cell wall modification, and methylation.”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Other downregulated Brassica napus genes mapped to methylation.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Outcome
- methylatione0
- Direction
- downregulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Other downregulated genes mapped to sugar transporters, nitrogen transport and storage, cell wall modification, and methylation.”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
Upregulated Brassica napus genes mapped to small heat shock proteins and other heat shock factors important in thermotolerance.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Outcome
- genes mapped to small heat shock proteins (sHSP20) and other heat shock factorse0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In contrast, upregulated genes mapped to small heat shock proteins (sHSP20) and other heat shock factors that play important roles in thermotolerance.”
t0“Brassica napus”
Claim · model-written summary
The identified genes and metabolites could serve as heat-resistance breeding biomarkers and marker-assisted selection targets.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napust0
- Outcome
- marker-assisted selectione0
- Qualifier
- could serve as important biomarkers for breeding programs to select cultivars with stronger resistance to heate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“DEGs and metabolites identified through this study could serve as important biomarkers for breeding programs to select cultivars with stronger resistance to heat. In particular, these biomarkers can form targets for various crop breeding and improvement techniques such as marker-assisted selection.”
t0“Brassica napus”
The same questions in other papers
heat · yield · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Positive and negative results
18 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
18 papers more in this group
See all 22 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.