Abstract
Abstract This study investigates the effects of hydrolyzed keratin (HK) on the growth and Ca and Mg uptake of lettuce plants under natural and light-emitting diode (LED) lighting conditions in cocopeat and soil environments. Lettuce plants were grown under natural light in cocopeat and soil, and simultaneously under blue (B), blue + far-red (B + FR), red (R), R + B, R + FR, R + B + FR, and white (W) light conditions. The fertilizer treatments consisted of control, HK, Ca + Mg, and HK + Ca + Mg. The highest fresh and dry weights of lettuce plants were observed with HK treatment in cocopeat, and HK + Ca + Mg treatment in soil. Among different LED light sources, the highest fresh and dry weights were recorded under the R light, followed by R + B + FR, R + B, and W, with the weakest growth observed under B + FR, R + FR, and B. Regardless of light source, HK and Ca + Mg treatments improved fresh and dry weights compared to the control. All treatments increased Ca and Mg concentrations compared to the control, with the highest Mg concentration observed under HK + Ca + Mg treatment and the highest Ca concentration is found with HK + Ca + Mg and Ca + Mg treatments. The highest N concentrations were observed in cocopeat with HK treatments and in soil with HK + Ca + Mg, compared to the control. The Ca concentration was higher under B + FR and R + FR, and Mg concentration was highest under R and R + B. HK, Ca + Mg, and HK + Ca + Mg treatments consistently improved the nutritional status of lettuce plants, making HK a promising organic amendment for enhancing plant growth and nutrient uptake in both soil and soilless cultivation systems.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
HK produced the highest lettuce fresh and dry weights in cocopeat.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativae0 - Treatment
- HK treatmente0
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weightse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Setting
- cocopeate0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest fresh and dry weights of lettuce plants were observed with HK treatment in cocopeat”
Claim · model-written summary
HK plus Ca and Mg produced the highest lettuce fresh and dry weights in soil.
- Taxon
- LettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- HK + Ca + Mg treatmente0
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weightse1
- Setting
- soile0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HK + Ca + Mg treatment in soil”
t0“Regulation of Lettuce Growth and Calcium-Magnesium Nutrition by Sheep Wool-Derived Hydrolyzed Keratin Under Natural and LED Light Spectra”
e1“The highest fresh and dry weights of lettuce plants were observed with HK treatment in cocopeat”
Claim · model-written summary
Red LED light yielded the highest lettuce fresh and dry weights.
- Taxon
- LettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- R lighte0
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weightse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- different LED light sourcese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among different LED light sources, the highest fresh and dry weights were recorded under the R light”
t0“Lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
HK and Ca plus Mg each improved fresh and dry weights relative to control.
- Taxon
- LettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- HK and Ca + Mg treatmentse0
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weightse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Regardless of light source, HK and Ca + Mg treatments improved fresh and dry weights compared to the control”
t0“Lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
All treatments increased lettuce Ca and Mg concentrations versus control.
- Taxon
- LettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- All treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Ca and Mg concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All treatments increased Ca and Mg concentrations compared to the control”
t0“Lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
HK plus Ca and Mg gave the highest Mg concentration.
- Taxon
- LettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- HK + Ca + Mg treatmente0
- Outcome
- Mg concentratione0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest Mg concentration observed under HK + Ca + Mg treatment”
t0“Lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
HK plus Ca and Mg and Ca plus Mg gave the highest Ca concentration.
- Taxon
- LettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- HK + Ca + Mg and Ca + Mg treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Ca concentratione0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest Ca concentration is found with HK + Ca + Mg and Ca + Mg treatments”
t0“Lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
HK in cocopeat yielded the highest N concentration versus control.
- Taxon
- LettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- HK treatmentse0
- Outcome
- N concentrationse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- the controle0
- Setting
- cocopeate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest N concentrations were observed in cocopeat with HK treatments and in soil with HK + Ca + Mg, compared to the control”
t0“Lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
HK plus Ca and Mg in soil yielded the highest N concentration versus control.
- Taxon
- LettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- HK + Ca + Mge0
- Outcome
- N concentrationse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- the controle0
- Setting
- soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest N concentrations were observed in cocopeat with HK treatments and in soil with HK + Ca + Mg, compared to the control”
t0“Lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca concentration was higher under blue plus far-red and red plus far-red light.
- Taxon
- LettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- B + FR and R + FRe0
- Outcome
- Ca concentratione0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Ca concentration was higher under B + FR and R + FR”
t0“Lettuce”
Claim · model-written summary
Mg concentration was highest under red and red plus blue light.
- Taxon
- LettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- R and R + Be0
- Outcome
- Mg concentratione0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mg concentration was highest under R and R + B”
t0“Lettuce”
The same questions in other papers
magnesium atom · nutrient: content · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
calcium atom · growth · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →calcium atom · nutrient: content · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Positive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →magnesium atom · growth · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
light · growth · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Positive and negative results
242 papers in the same direction as this paper · 54 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- no effect
296 papers more in this group
See all 300 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.