Abstract
This study investigated the effects of various anti-salinity compounds on Early Sweet grape seedlings grown under salinity conditions during the 2021 and 2022 seasons. Seedlings were cultivated in soil with 2000 ppm salinity and irrigated with saline water at 1700 ppm. Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August. Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress. The effectiveness of the compounds in mitigating salinity stress, in descending order, was chitosan > salicylic acid > potassium silicate > mannitol > arginine > citric acid. These findings suggest that foliar application of anti-salinity compounds, particularly chitosan and salicylic acid at 100 ppm, can effectively alleviate the adverse effects of salinity on Early Sweet grape seedlings. The study recommends six monthly applications of these compounds from March to August to enhance the growth and development of grape seedlings under saline conditions.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
chitosan improved growth parameters, root characteristics versus untreated saline-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- grape (Vitis vinifera L.)
Vitis viniferat0 - Treatment
- chitosane1
- Outcome
- growth parameters, root characteristicse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- under salinity stresse0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grape (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e0“Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress.”
e1“Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August.”
Claim · model-written summary
chitosan improved nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) versus untreated saline-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- grape (Vitis vinifera L.)Vitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- chitosane1
- Outcome
- nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca)e0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- under salinity stresse0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grape (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e0“Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress.”
e1“Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August.”
Claim · model-written summary
chitosan reduced Na and Cl uptake versus untreated saline-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- grape (Vitis vinifera L.)Vitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- chitosane1
- Outcome
- Na and Cl uptakee0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Qualifier
- under salinity stresse0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grape (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e0“Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress.”
e1“Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August.”
Claim · model-written summary
salicylic acid improved growth parameters, root characteristics versus untreated saline-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- grape (Vitis vinifera L.)Vitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- salicylic acide1
- Outcome
- growth parameters, root characteristicse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- under salinity stresse0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grape (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e0“Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress.”
e1“Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August.”
Claim · model-written summary
salicylic acid improved nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) versus untreated saline-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- grape (Vitis vinifera L.)Vitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- salicylic acide1
- Outcome
- nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca)e0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- under salinity stresse0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grape (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e0“Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress.”
e1“Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August.”
Claim · model-written summary
salicylic acid reduced Na and Cl uptake versus untreated saline-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- grape (Vitis vinifera L.)Vitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- salicylic acide1
- Outcome
- Na and Cl uptakee0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Qualifier
- under salinity stresse0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grape (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e0“Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress.”
e1“Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August.”
Claim · model-written summary
potassium silicate improved growth parameters, root characteristics versus untreated saline-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- grape (Vitis vinifera L.)Vitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- potassium silicatee1
- Outcome
- growth parameters, root characteristicse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- under salinity stresse0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grape (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e0“Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress.”
e1“Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August.”
Claim · model-written summary
potassium silicate improved nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) versus untreated saline-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- grape (Vitis vinifera L.)Vitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- potassium silicatee1
- Outcome
- nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca)e0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- under salinity stresse0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grape (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e0“Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress.”
e1“Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August.”
Claim · model-written summary
potassium silicate reduced Na and Cl uptake versus untreated saline-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- grape (Vitis vinifera L.)Vitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- potassium silicatee1
- Outcome
- Na and Cl uptakee0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Qualifier
- under salinity stresse0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grape (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e0“Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress.”
e1“Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August.”
Claim · model-written summary
mannitol improved growth parameters, root characteristics versus untreated saline-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- grape (Vitis vinifera L.)Vitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- mannitole1
- Outcome
- growth parameters, root characteristicse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- under salinity stresse0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grape (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e0“Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress.”
e1“Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August.”
Claim · model-written summary
mannitol improved nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) versus untreated saline-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- grape (Vitis vinifera L.)Vitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- mannitole1
- Outcome
- nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca)e0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- under salinity stresse0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grape (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e0“Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress.”
e1“Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August.”
Claim · model-written summary
mannitol reduced Na and Cl uptake versus untreated saline-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- grape (Vitis vinifera L.)Vitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- mannitole1
- Outcome
- Na and Cl uptakee0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Qualifier
- under salinity stresse0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grape (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e0“Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress.”
e1“Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August.”
Claim · model-written summary
arginine improved growth parameters, root characteristics versus untreated saline-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- grape (Vitis vinifera L.)Vitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- argininee1
- Outcome
- growth parameters, root characteristicse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- under salinity stresse0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grape (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e0“Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress.”
e1“Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August.”
Claim · model-written summary
arginine improved nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) versus untreated saline-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- grape (Vitis vinifera L.)Vitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- argininee1
- Outcome
- nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca)e0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- under salinity stresse0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grape (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e0“Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress.”
e1“Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August.”
Claim · model-written summary
arginine reduced Na and Cl uptake versus untreated saline-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- grape (Vitis vinifera L.)Vitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- argininee1
- Outcome
- Na and Cl uptakee0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Qualifier
- under salinity stresse0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grape (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e0“Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress.”
e1“Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August.”
Claim · model-written summary
citric acid improved growth parameters, root characteristics versus untreated saline-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- grape (Vitis vinifera L.)Vitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- citric acide1
- Outcome
- growth parameters, root characteristicse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- under salinity stresse0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grape (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e0“Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress.”
e1“Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August.”
Claim · model-written summary
citric acid improved nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) versus untreated saline-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- grape (Vitis vinifera L.)Vitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- citric acide1
- Outcome
- nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca)e0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- under salinity stresse0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grape (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e0“Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress.”
e1“Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August.”
Claim · model-written summary
citric acid reduced Na and Cl uptake versus untreated saline-stressed seedlings.
- Taxon
- grape (Vitis vinifera L.)Vitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- citric acide1
- Outcome
- Na and Cl uptakee0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Qualifier
- under salinity stresse0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Not reportedMaterial
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grape (Vitis vinifera L.)”
e0“Results demonstrated that all tested compounds significantly improved growth parameters, root characteristics, and nutrient uptake (N, P, K, and Ca) while reducing Na and Cl uptake compared to untreated seedlings under salinity stress.”
e1“Six compounds (arginine, mannitol, citric acid, salicylic acid, chitosan, and potassium silicate) were applied at 100 ppm concentration through foliar sprays at monthly intervals from March to August.”
The same questions in other papers
silicate(4-) · growth · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
silicate(4-) · nutrient: content · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
salicylic acid · nutrient: content · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
citric acid · growth · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
citric acid · nutrient: content · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
salicylic acid · growth · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
chitosan · growth · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
potassium · nutrient: content · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.