Abstract
Abstract Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major limiting factor for plant growth in acidic soils. Melatonin (MT) is involved in plant responses to various environmental stresses. In this study, the role of exogenous MT in alleviating Al toxicity was investigated in soybean (Glycine max L.). The results demonstrated that MT application alleviated Al-induced inhibition of root elongation, reduced Al accumulation in root tips, and mitigated oxidative damage and cell death in root tips. Under Al stress, MT treatment increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, APX, and POD) and the contents of antioxidants (ASA and GSH) in root tips. Furthermore, Al stress significantly enhanced citrate secretion from soybean roots, while MT application further promoted citrate efflux under Al exposure. Under Al stress, MT treatment significantly increased citric acid levels in root tips by upregulating the expression of citrate synthase gene and downregulating the expression of aconitase gene. In addition, MT application significantly increased the expression of citrate transporter genes (GmMATE13 and GmMATE47) in root tips. Taken together, these findings suggest that MT enhances soybean tolerance to Al stress by activating the antioxidant defense system and promoting citrate secretion. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the application of MT to mitigate Al toxicity in plants.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin alleviated aluminum inhibition of root elongation.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- MT applicatione0
- Outcome
- root elongatione0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MT application alleviated Al-induced inhibition of root elongation”
t0“in Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin reduced aluminum accumulation in root tips.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- root tipse0
- Treatment
- Exogenous Melatonint1
- Outcome
- Al accumulatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced Al accumulation in root tips”
t0“in Soybean”
t1“Exogenous Melatonin”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin mitigated oxidative damage and cell death in root tips.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- root tipse0
- Treatment
- Exogenous Melatonint1
- Outcome
- oxidative damage and cell deathe0
- Direction
- mitigatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mitigated oxidative damage and cell death in root tips”
t0“in Soybean”
t1“Exogenous Melatonin”
Claim · model-written summary
Under aluminum stress, melatonin increased SOD, CAT, APX and POD activity in root tips.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- MT treatmente0
- Gene
- SODe0
- Outcome
- activities of antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- Under Al stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under Al stress, MT treatment increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, APX, and POD)”
t0“in Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Under aluminum stress, melatonin increased ASA and GSH contents in root tips.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- root tipse0
- Treatment
- MT treatmentt1
- Outcome
- contents of antioxidants (ASA and GSH)e0
- Direction
- increasedt1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the contents of antioxidants (ASA and GSH) in root tips”
t0“in Soybean”
t1“MT treatment increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, APX, and POD) and the contents of antioxidants (ASA and GSH) in root tips”
Claim · model-written summary
Aluminum stress increased citrate secretion from soybean roots.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- Al stresse0
- Outcome
- citrate secretione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Al stress significantly enhanced citrate secretion from soybean roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin further promoted citrate efflux under aluminum exposure.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- MT applicatione0
- Outcome
- citrate effluxe0
- Direction
- promotede0
- Qualifier
- under Al exposuree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MT application further promoted citrate efflux under Al exposure”
t0“in Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin increased citric acid levels in root tips under aluminum stress.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- root tipse0
- Treatment
- MT treatmente0
- Outcome
- citric acid levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- Under Al stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under Al stress, MT treatment significantly increased citric acid levels in root tips”
t0“in Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin upregulated citrate synthase gene expression.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- MT treatmentt1
- Gene
- citrate synthase genee0
- Outcome
- expression of citrate synthase genee0
- Direction
- upregulatinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“upregulating the expression of citrate synthase gene”
t0“in Soybean”
t1“MT treatment significantly increased citric acid levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin downregulated aconitase gene expression.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- MT treatmentt1
- Gene
- aconitase genee0
- Outcome
- expression of aconitase genee0
- Direction
- downregulatinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“downregulating the expression of aconitase gene”
t0“in Soybean”
t1“MT treatment significantly increased citric acid levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin increased GmMATE13 and GmMATE47 expression in root tips.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- root tipse0
- Treatment
- MT applicatione0
- Gene
- GmMATE13 and GmMATE47e0
- Outcome
- expression of citrate transporter genese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MT application significantly increased the expression of citrate transporter genes (GmMATE13 and GmMATE47) in root tips”
t0“in Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer melatonin enhances aluminum tolerance through antioxidant defense and citrate secretion.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- MTe0
- Outcome
- tolerance to Al stresse0
- Qualifier
- activating the antioxidant defense system and promoting citrate secretione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MT enhances soybean tolerance to Al stress by activating the antioxidant defense system and promoting citrate secretion”
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See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.