Abstract
Protein homeostasis controlled by the 26S proteasome plays a pivotal role in the adaption of plants to environmental stress, contributing to survival and longevity. During ageing in animals, proteasome activity declines, resulting in senescence; however, in plants, this is so far largely unexplored. In both Arabidopsis and barley, we found that genes encoding proteasomal subunits are up-regulated at the transcript level during the onset of leaf senescence. In contrast, at the protein level, a decrease in proteasomal subunit abundance was observed. Moreover, in Arabidopsis, 26S proteasome capacity deteriorates with leaf age, while 20S proteasome activity increases. In contrast, in barley, a potential increase in proteasome activity was observed with age. As ribosome-associated RNA levels of proteasomal subunits increase in Arabidopsis during senescence, it suggests a high turnover. Furthermore, chemical inhibition of the proteasome results in accelerated leaf senescence in Arabidopsis and barley. In Arabidopsis, 26S proteasome activity could be restored by external cytokinin application, resulting in delayed senescence. Finally, we identified several senescence-associated transcription factors that acts as novel transcriptional regulators of proteasomal genes in Arabidopsis. Taken together, this work provides new insights into the dynamic regulation of proteasome activity which deepens our understanding on leaf senescence in plants.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Proteasomal subunit transcripts increased at the onset of Arabidopsis leaf senescence.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Organ / stage
- leaf senescencee0
- Outcome
- genes encoding proteasomal subunitse0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both Arabidopsis and barley, we found that genes encoding proteasomal subunits are up-regulated at the transcript level during the onset of leaf senescence”
Claim · model-written summary
Proteasomal subunit transcripts increased at the onset of barley leaf senescence.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree0 - Organ / stage
- leaf senescencee0
- Outcome
- genes encoding proteasomal subunitse0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“In both Arabidopsis and barley, we found that genes encoding proteasomal subunits are up-regulated at the transcript level during the onset of leaf senescence”
Claim · model-written summary
Proteasomal subunit abundance decreased at the protein level in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Outcome
- proteasomal subunit abundancee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both Arabidopsis and barley, we found that genes encoding proteasomal subunits are up-regulated at the transcript level during the onset of leaf senescence. In contrast, at the protein level, a decrease in proteasomal subunit abundance was observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Proteasomal subunit abundance decreased at the protein level in barley.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Outcome
- proteasomal subunit abundancee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both Arabidopsis and barley, we found that genes encoding proteasomal subunits are up-regulated at the transcript level during the onset of leaf senescence. In contrast, at the protein level, a decrease in proteasomal subunit abundance was observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Arabidopsis 26S proteasome capacity deteriorated with leaf age.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Outcome
- 26S proteasome capacitye0
- Direction
- deterioratese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in Arabidopsis, 26S proteasome capacity deteriorates with leaf age”
Claim · model-written summary
Arabidopsis 20S proteasome activity increased with leaf age.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Outcome
- 20S proteasome activitye0
- Direction
- increasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in Arabidopsis, 26S proteasome capacity deteriorates with leaf age, while 20S proteasome activity increases”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley proteasome activity potentially increased with age.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Outcome
- proteasome activitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- potentiale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in barley, a potential increase in proteasome activity was observed with age”
Claim · model-written summary
Ribosome-associated RNA levels of proteasomal subunits increased during Arabidopsis senescence.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Outcome
- ribosome-associated RNA levels of proteasomal subunitse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ribosome-associated RNA levels of proteasomal subunits increase in Arabidopsis during senescence”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical proteasome inhibition accelerated Arabidopsis leaf senescence.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- chemical inhibition of the proteasomee0
- Outcome
- leaf senescencee0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chemical inhibition of the proteasome results in accelerated leaf senescence in Arabidopsis and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical proteasome inhibition accelerated barley leaf senescence.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- chemical inhibition of the proteasomee0
- Outcome
- leaf senescencee0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chemical inhibition of the proteasome results in accelerated leaf senescence in Arabidopsis and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
External cytokinin restored Arabidopsis 26S proteasome activity.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- external cytokinin applicatione0
- Outcome
- 26S proteasome activitye0
- Direction
- restorede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Arabidopsis, 26S proteasome activity could be restored by external cytokinin application”
Claim · model-written summary
External cytokinin delayed Arabidopsis senescence.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- external cytokinin applicatione0
- Outcome
- senescencee0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Arabidopsis, 26S proteasome activity could be restored by external cytokinin application, resulting in delayed senescence”
Claim · model-written summary
Several senescence-associated transcription factors regulate Arabidopsis proteasomal genes.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Gene
- senescence-associated transcription factorse0
- Outcome
- transcriptional regulators of proteasomal genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“several senescence-associated transcription factors that acts as novel transcriptional regulators of proteasomal genes in Arabidopsis”
The same questions in other papers
class · quality: postharvest · ArabidopsisResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.