Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an important bulb vegetable. Sexual propagation in cultivated garlic is not feasible and this is the major challenge faced in garlic improvement programme. Improvement in garlic largely depends upon the selection of new variants followed by their asexual propagation. andGarlic is regarded as a functional food and owes its antioxidant properties to these flavonoid and phenolic compounds. The phenolic and flavonoid contents in garlic vary to some extent with agronomic and environmental factors but genotype accounts for the primary factor that contributes towards this variation. Hence, twenty five genotypes of garlic were characterised for polyphenolic content and antioxidant properties and diversity analysis was worked out. The work was carried out in the Department of Horticulture (Vegetable and Floriculture), Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design and recommended package of practice was followed for raising the crop. The results clearly indicated highly significant variations among genotypes of garlic which also showed marked divergence for all the biochemical parameters namely, TSS, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, total phenolic content, total flavonoids and antioxidant capacity, RSA, MCA, nitrogen%, phosphorous%, potassium%, sulphur%. Cluster analysis of genotypes showed that all the genotypes were grouped into six clusters. Cluster I consisted a maximum number of genotypes and Cluster VI contained a minimum number of genotypes. The highest intra-cluster distance was recorded for cluster VI lowest intra-cluster distance was recorded for cluster V. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster V and indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes between these groups. Cluster VI had the highest mean value for the parameters like total phenol content (1097.53), antioxidant capacity (10.15), radical scavenging activities (48.64), Phosphorous% (0.61), and Sulphur % (8.39). The contribution towards divergence due to the biochemical parameters like Flavonoid content (19.67), Antioxidant activity (13), protein% (10), potassium% (9.33), nitrogen% (9), Phosphorous% (8.67), MCA (8.67) and RSA (7.67) were considerably high.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic genotypes differed significantly across the reported biochemical traits.
- Taxon
- garlic
Allium sativume0 - Material
- genotypes of garlice0
- Outcome
- TSS, ascorbic acid, total carotenoidse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results clearly indicated highly significant variations among genotypes of garlic which also showed marked divergence for all the biochemical parameters namely, TSS, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, total phenolic content, total flavonoids and antioxidant capacity, RSA, MCA, nitrogen%, phosphorous%, potassium%, sulphur%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic genotypes differed significantly in total phenolic content, total flavonoids and antioxidant capacity.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- genotypes of garlice0
- Outcome
- total phenolic content, total flavonoids and antioxidant capacitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results clearly indicated highly significant variations among genotypes of garlic which also showed marked divergence for all the biochemical parameters namely, TSS, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, total phenolic content, total flavonoids and antioxidant capacity, RSA, MCA, nitrogen%, phosphorous%, potassium%, sulphur%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic genotypes differed significantly in RSA, MCA and nitrogen%.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- genotypes of garlice0
- Outcome
- RSA, MCA, nitrogen%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results clearly indicated highly significant variations among genotypes of garlic which also showed marked divergence for all the biochemical parameters namely, TSS, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, total phenolic content, total flavonoids and antioxidant capacity, RSA, MCA, nitrogen%, phosphorous%, potassium%, sulphur%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic genotypes differed significantly in phosphorous%, potassium% and sulphur%.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativume0
- Material
- genotypes of garlice0
- Outcome
- phosphorous%, potassium%, sulphur%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results clearly indicated highly significant variations among genotypes of garlic which also showed marked divergence for all the biochemical parameters namely, TSS, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, total phenolic content, total flavonoids and antioxidant capacity, RSA, MCA, nitrogen%, phosphorous%, potassium%, sulphur%.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster analysis grouped garlic genotypes into six clusters.
- Taxon
- garlicAllium sativumt0
- Material
- genotypese0
- Outcome
- six clusterse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cluster analysis of genotypes showed that all the genotypes were grouped into six clusters.”
t0“Garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster I had the most garlic genotypes.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Material
- Cluster Ie0
- Outcome
- maximum number of genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cluster I consisted a maximum number of genotypes and Cluster VI contained a minimum number of genotypes.”
t0“Garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster VI had the fewest garlic genotypes.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Material
- Cluster VIe0
- Outcome
- minimum number of genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cluster I consisted a maximum number of genotypes and Cluster VI contained a minimum number of genotypes.”
t0“Garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster VI had the highest intra-cluster distance.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Material
- cluster VIe0
- Outcome
- highest intra-cluster distancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest intra-cluster distance was recorded for cluster VI lowest intra-cluster distance was recorded for cluster V.”
t0“Garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster V had the lowest intra-cluster distance.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Material
- cluster Ve0
- Outcome
- lowest intra-cluster distancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest intra-cluster distance was recorded for cluster VI lowest intra-cluster distance was recorded for cluster V.”
t0“Garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster V had the reported highest inter-cluster distance, but the other cluster is missing from the text.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Material
- cluster Ve0
- Outcome
- highest inter-cluster distancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster V and indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes between these groups.”
t0“Garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster VI had the highest mean total phenol content, at 1097.53.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Material
- Cluster VIe0
- Outcome
- total phenol contente0
- Direction
- highest mean valuee0
- Value
- 1097.53e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cluster VI had the highest mean value for the parameters like total phenol content (1097.53), antioxidant capacity (10.15), radical scavenging activities (48.64), Phosphorous% (0.61), and Sulphur % (8.39).”
t0“Garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster VI had the highest mean antioxidant capacity, at 10.15.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Material
- Cluster VIe0
- Outcome
- antioxidant capacitye0
- Direction
- highest mean valuee0
- Value
- 10.15e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cluster VI had the highest mean value for the parameters like total phenol content (1097.53), antioxidant capacity (10.15), radical scavenging activities (48.64), Phosphorous% (0.61), and Sulphur % (8.39).”
t0“Garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster VI had the highest mean radical scavenging activities, at 48.64.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Material
- Cluster VIe0
- Outcome
- radical scavenging activitiese0
- Direction
- highest mean valuee0
- Value
- 48.64e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cluster VI had the highest mean value for the parameters like total phenol content (1097.53), antioxidant capacity (10.15), radical scavenging activities (48.64), Phosphorous% (0.61), and Sulphur % (8.39).”
t0“Garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster VI had the highest mean Phosphorous%, at 0.61.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Material
- Cluster VIe0
- Outcome
- Phosphorous%e0
- Direction
- highest mean valuee0
- Value
- 0.61e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cluster VI had the highest mean value for the parameters like total phenol content (1097.53), antioxidant capacity (10.15), radical scavenging activities (48.64), Phosphorous% (0.61), and Sulphur % (8.39).”
t0“Garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster VI had the highest mean Sulphur %, at 8.39.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Material
- Cluster VIe0
- Outcome
- Sulphur %e0
- Direction
- highest mean valuee0
- Value
- 8.39e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cluster VI had the highest mean value for the parameters like total phenol content (1097.53), antioxidant capacity (10.15), radical scavenging activities (48.64), Phosphorous% (0.61), and Sulphur % (8.39).”
t0“Garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Flavonoid content contributed 19.67 to divergence among garlic genotypes.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Outcome
- Flavonoid contente0
- Value
- 19.67e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The contribution towards divergence due to the biochemical parameters like Flavonoid content (19.67), Antioxidant activity (13), protein% (10), potassium% (9.33), nitrogen% (9), Phosphorous% (8.67), MCA (8.67) and RSA (7.67) were considerably high.”
t0“Garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant activity contributed 13 to divergence among garlic genotypes.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Outcome
- Antioxidant activitye0
- Value
- 13e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The contribution towards divergence due to the biochemical parameters like Flavonoid content (19.67), Antioxidant activity (13), protein% (10), potassium% (9.33), nitrogen% (9), Phosphorous% (8.67), MCA (8.67) and RSA (7.67) were considerably high.”
t0“Garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein% contributed 10 to divergence among garlic genotypes.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Outcome
- protein%e0
- Value
- 10e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The contribution towards divergence due to the biochemical parameters like Flavonoid content (19.67), Antioxidant activity (13), protein% (10), potassium% (9.33), nitrogen% (9), Phosphorous% (8.67), MCA (8.67) and RSA (7.67) were considerably high.”
t0“Garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium% contributed 9.33 to divergence among garlic genotypes.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Outcome
- potassium%e0
- Value
- 9.33e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The contribution towards divergence due to the biochemical parameters like Flavonoid content (19.67), Antioxidant activity (13), protein% (10), potassium% (9.33), nitrogen% (9), Phosphorous% (8.67), MCA (8.67) and RSA (7.67) were considerably high.”
t0“Garlic”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen% contributed 9 to divergence among garlic genotypes.
- Taxon
- GarlicAllium sativumt0
- Outcome
- nitrogen%e0
- Value
- 9e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The contribution towards divergence due to the biochemical parameters like Flavonoid content (19.67), Antioxidant activity (13), protein% (10), potassium% (9.33), nitrogen% (9), Phosphorous% (8.67), MCA (8.67) and RSA (7.67) were considerably high.”
t0“Garlic”