Abstract
The present experiment was carried out during September, 2024 to March, 2025 in Research Field, Department of Horticulture, SHUATS, Prayagraj. A field experiment was undertaken to determine the optimal combination of organic manures and microbial culture treatments suited to the agroclimatic conditions of Prayagraj. The study was laid out in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) comprising ten treatment combinations, each replicated three times. From the present experimental findings, it was observed that treatment T8 (Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)) found best in all the parameters like plant height (64.93 cm), number of branches (17.20), number of leaves (81.83), days taken to first flowering (34.20 days), days taken to 50% (55.96), number of days to harvest (59.83), number of pods per plant (12.13), number of seeds per pod (12.95), pod length (32.96 cm), pod girth (2.59 cm) and pods yield q per hectare (108.80). In terms of maximum gross returns (Rs. 326400.00 per ha), net returns (Rs. 253262.00 per ha) and benefit-cost ratio (3.46) is found in treatment T8 followed by T3 (Poultry manure (15t/ha)), whereas minimum is recorded in treatment T1 (RDF (20:40:20 kg/ha)).
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment T8 (poultry manure 15 t/ha with Rhizobium and PSB) was best in all the parameters measured in cowpea.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatat0 - Treatment
- Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)e0
- Second interactor
- PSBe0other
- Outcome
- all the parameterse0
- Direction
- beste0
RhizobiumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“treatment T8 (Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)) found best in all the parameters”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment T8 was best for plant height, 64.93 cm.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)e0
- Second interactor
- PSBe0other
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 64.93 cme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“treatment T8 (Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)) found best in all the parameters”
e1“plant height (64.93 cm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment T8 was best for number of branches, 17.20.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)e0
- Second interactor
- PSBe0other
- Outcome
- number of branchese1
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 17.20e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“treatment T8 (Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)) found best in all the parameters”
e1“number of branches (17.20)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment T8 was best for number of leaves, 81.83.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)e0
- Second interactor
- PSBe0other
- Outcome
- number of leavese1
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 81.83e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“treatment T8 (Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)) found best in all the parameters”
e1“number of leaves (81.83)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment T8 was best for days taken to first flowering, 34.20 days.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)e0
- Second interactor
- PSBe0other
- Outcome
- days taken to first floweringe1
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 34.20 dayse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“treatment T8 (Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)) found best in all the parameters”
e1“days taken to first flowering (34.20 days)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment T8 was best for days taken to 50 percent flowering, 55.96.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)e0
- Second interactor
- PSBe0other
- Outcome
- days taken to 50%e1
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 55.96e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“treatment T8 (Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)) found best in all the parameters”
e1“days taken to 50% (55.96)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment T8 was best for number of days to harvest, 59.83.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)e0
- Second interactor
- PSBe0other
- Outcome
- number of days to harveste1
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 59.83e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“treatment T8 (Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)) found best in all the parameters”
e1“number of days to harvest (59.83)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment T8 was best for number of pods per plant, 12.13.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)e0
- Second interactor
- PSBe0other
- Outcome
- number of pods per plante1
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 12.13e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“treatment T8 (Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)) found best in all the parameters”
e1“number of pods per plant (12.13)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment T8 was best for number of seeds per pod, 12.95.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)e0
- Second interactor
- PSBe0other
- Outcome
- number of seeds per pode1
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 12.95e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“treatment T8 (Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)) found best in all the parameters”
e1“number of seeds per pod (12.95)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment T8 was best for pod length, 32.96 cm.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)e0
- Second interactor
- PSBe0other
- Outcome
- pod lengthe1
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 32.96 cme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“treatment T8 (Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)) found best in all the parameters”
e1“pod length (32.96 cm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment T8 was best for pod girth, 2.59 cm.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)e0
- Second interactor
- PSBe0other
- Outcome
- pod girthe1
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 2.59 cme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“treatment T8 (Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)) found best in all the parameters”
e1“pod girth (2.59 cm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment T8 was best for pod yield, 108.80 q per hectare.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)e0
- Second interactor
- PSBe0other
- Outcome
- pods yield q per hectaree1
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- 108.80e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“treatment T8 (Poultry manure (15t/ha) + Rhizobium (20 g/kg) + PSB (20 g/kg)) found best in all the parameters”
e1“pods yield q per hectare (108.80)”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment T8 gave the maximum gross returns, Rs. 326400.00 per ha.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- T8e0
- Outcome
- gross returnse0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- Rs. 326400.00 per hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“In terms of maximum gross returns (Rs. 326400.00 per ha), net returns (Rs. 253262.00 per ha) and benefit-cost ratio (3.46) is found in treatment T8 followed by T3 (Poultry manure (15t/ha))”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment T8 gave the highest net returns, Rs. 253262.00 per ha.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- T8e0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- Rs. 253262.00 per hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“In terms of maximum gross returns (Rs. 326400.00 per ha), net returns (Rs. 253262.00 per ha) and benefit-cost ratio (3.46) is found in treatment T8 followed by T3 (Poultry manure (15t/ha))”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment T8 gave the highest benefit-cost ratio, 3.46.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- T8e0
- Outcome
- benefit-cost ratioe0
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 3.46e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“In terms of maximum gross returns (Rs. 326400.00 per ha), net returns (Rs. 253262.00 per ha) and benefit-cost ratio (3.46) is found in treatment T8 followed by T3 (Poultry manure (15t/ha))”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment T3 (poultry manure 15 t/ha alone) ranked second after T8 in returns.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Poultry manure (15t/ha)e0
- Outcome
- returnse0
- Direction
- followed bye0
- Comparator
- T8e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“In terms of maximum gross returns (Rs. 326400.00 per ha), net returns (Rs. 253262.00 per ha) and benefit-cost ratio (3.46) is found in treatment T8 followed by T3 (Poultry manure (15t/ha))”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment T1 (RDF 20:40:20 kg/ha) gave the minimum returns.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- RDF (20:40:20 kg/ha)e1
- Outcome
- returnse0
- Direction
- minimume1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)”
e0“In terms of maximum gross returns (Rs. 326400.00 per ha), net returns (Rs. 253262.00 per ha) and benefit-cost ratio (3.46) is found in treatment T8 followed by T3 (Poultry manure (15t/ha))”
e1“whereas minimum is recorded in treatment T1 (RDF (20:40:20 kg/ha))”
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See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.