Abstract
Agricultural production on salinized lands is an important direction of current agricultural research. Chito-oligosaccharide has been used as an excellent soil amendment in recent years. However, the mechanism of chito-oligosaccharide composites (COS-PA) impacting cotton seedlings on salinized lands is still unclear. In this study, the metabolic mechanism of COS-PA regulating cotton salt stress resistance was investigated by measuring seedling growth, leaf ion content, photosynthetic characteristics, and widely-targeted metabolic profiles. The results showed that salt stress reduced the contents of K + and Ca 2+ and enhanced the content of Na + in cotton leaves compared to the control, which inhibited leaf photosynthesis and seedling growth. COS-PA application decreased leaf Na + content significantly in salt-stressed cotton seedlings by 69.70%, and increased the leaf Ca 2+ content, fresh weight of each plant part, transpiration rate, leaf chlorophyll concentration (Chl a), actual quantum yield, as well as stomatal conductance by 7.22%, 46.33%-96.36%, 96.65%, 44.53%, 27.15%, and 168.24%, respectively, compared with the no COS-PA application treatment. COS-PA application regulated the abundances of key leaf metabolites (L-lactic acid, Succinic acid, Methylmalonic acid, Aconitic acid, Citraconic acid), alleviating the salt stress. Therefore, COS-PA application could improve cotton seedling’s salt stress resistance by adjusting the growth characteristics, photosynthetic characteristics, and carbohydrate metabolism of cotton seedlings. The research will advance understanding of mechanisms by which COS-PA regulates the salt stress resistance of cotton seedlings and offer a scientific basis for salinized soil remediation and cotton yield improvement in arid areas.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced leaf K+ and Ca2+ contents in cotton compared with the control.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- contents of K + and Ca 2+e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt stress reduced the contents of K + and Ca 2+ and enhanced the content of Na + in cotton leaves compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased leaf Na+ content in cotton compared with the control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- content of Na +e0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt stress reduced the contents of K + and Ca 2+ and enhanced the content of Na + in cotton leaves compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress inhibited leaf photosynthesis and seedling growth in cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf photosynthesis and seedling growthe1
- Direction
- inhibitede1
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt stress reduced the contents of K + and Ca 2+ and enhanced the content of Na + in cotton leaves compared to the control”
e1“which inhibited leaf photosynthesis and seedling growth”
Claim · model-written summary
COS-PA application significantly decreased leaf Na+ content by 69.70% in salt-stressed cotton seedlings compared with no COS-PA application.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Organ / stage
- leafe2
- Treatment
- COS-PA applicatione2
- Outcome
- leaf Na + contente2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Value
- 69.70%e2
- Qualifier
- salt-stressede2
- Comparator
- no COS-PA application treatmente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“COS-PA application decreased leaf Na + content significantly in salt-stressed cotton seedlings by 69.70%”
e3“compared with the no COS-PA application treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
COS-PA application increased leaf Ca2+ content in salt-stressed cotton seedlings by 7.22% compared with no COS-PA application.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Organ / stage
- leafe4
- Treatment
- COS-PA applicatione2
- Outcome
- leaf Ca 2+ contente4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 7.22%e4
- Comparator
- no COS-PA application treatmente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“COS-PA application decreased leaf Na + content significantly in salt-stressed cotton seedlings by 69.70%”
e3“compared with the no COS-PA application treatment”
e4“increased the leaf Ca 2+ content, fresh weight of each plant part, transpiration rate, leaf chlorophyll concentration (Chl a), actual quantum yield, as well as stomatal conductance by 7.22%, 46.33%-96.36%, 96.65%, 44.53%, 27.15%, and 168.24%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
COS-PA application increased fresh weight of cotton seedling plant parts by 46.33%-96.36% compared with no COS-PA application.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Treatment
- COS-PA applicatione2
- Outcome
- fresh weight of each plant parte4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 46.33%-96.36%e4
- Comparator
- no COS-PA application treatmente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“COS-PA application decreased leaf Na + content significantly in salt-stressed cotton seedlings by 69.70%”
e3“compared with the no COS-PA application treatment”
e4“increased the leaf Ca 2+ content, fresh weight of each plant part, transpiration rate, leaf chlorophyll concentration (Chl a), actual quantum yield, as well as stomatal conductance by 7.22%, 46.33%-96.36%, 96.65%, 44.53%, 27.15%, and 168.24%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
COS-PA application increased transpiration rate by 96.65% in salt-stressed cotton seedlings compared with no COS-PA application.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Treatment
- COS-PA applicatione2
- Outcome
- transpiration ratee4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 96.65%e4
- Comparator
- no COS-PA application treatmente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“COS-PA application decreased leaf Na + content significantly in salt-stressed cotton seedlings by 69.70%”
e3“compared with the no COS-PA application treatment”
e4“increased the leaf Ca 2+ content, fresh weight of each plant part, transpiration rate, leaf chlorophyll concentration (Chl a), actual quantum yield, as well as stomatal conductance by 7.22%, 46.33%-96.36%, 96.65%, 44.53%, 27.15%, and 168.24%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
COS-PA application increased leaf chlorophyll concentration (Chl a) by 44.53% in salt-stressed cotton seedlings compared with no COS-PA application.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Organ / stage
- leafe4
- Treatment
- COS-PA applicatione2
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll concentration (Chl a)e4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 44.53%e4
- Comparator
- no COS-PA application treatmente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“COS-PA application decreased leaf Na + content significantly in salt-stressed cotton seedlings by 69.70%”
e3“compared with the no COS-PA application treatment”
e4“increased the leaf Ca 2+ content, fresh weight of each plant part, transpiration rate, leaf chlorophyll concentration (Chl a), actual quantum yield, as well as stomatal conductance by 7.22%, 46.33%-96.36%, 96.65%, 44.53%, 27.15%, and 168.24%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
COS-PA application increased actual quantum yield by 27.15% in salt-stressed cotton seedlings compared with no COS-PA application.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Treatment
- COS-PA applicatione2
- Outcome
- actual quantum yielde4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 27.15%e4
- Comparator
- no COS-PA application treatmente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“COS-PA application decreased leaf Na + content significantly in salt-stressed cotton seedlings by 69.70%”
e3“compared with the no COS-PA application treatment”
e4“increased the leaf Ca 2+ content, fresh weight of each plant part, transpiration rate, leaf chlorophyll concentration (Chl a), actual quantum yield, as well as stomatal conductance by 7.22%, 46.33%-96.36%, 96.65%, 44.53%, 27.15%, and 168.24%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
COS-PA application increased stomatal conductance by 168.24% in salt-stressed cotton seedlings compared with no COS-PA application.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Treatment
- COS-PA applicatione2
- Outcome
- stomatal conductancee4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 168.24%e4
- Comparator
- no COS-PA application treatmente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“COS-PA application decreased leaf Na + content significantly in salt-stressed cotton seedlings by 69.70%”
e3“compared with the no COS-PA application treatment”
e4“increased the leaf Ca 2+ content, fresh weight of each plant part, transpiration rate, leaf chlorophyll concentration (Chl a), actual quantum yield, as well as stomatal conductance by 7.22%, 46.33%-96.36%, 96.65%, 44.53%, 27.15%, and 168.24%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
COS-PA application regulated the abundances of L-lactic acid, succinic acid and methylmalonic acid in cotton leaves, alleviating salt stress.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Organ / stage
- leafe5
- Treatment
- COS-PA applicatione5
- Outcome
- L-lactic acid, Succinic acid, Methylmalonic acide5
- Qualifier
- alleviating the salt stresse5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“COS-PA application decreased leaf Na + content significantly in salt-stressed cotton seedlings by 69.70%”
e5“COS-PA application regulated the abundances of key leaf metabolites (L-lactic acid, Succinic acid, Methylmalonic acid, Aconitic acid, Citraconic acid), alleviating the salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
COS-PA application regulated the abundances of aconitic acid and citraconic acid in cotton leaves, alleviating salt stress.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume2
- Organ / stage
- leafe5
- Treatment
- COS-PA applicatione5
- Outcome
- Aconitic acid, Citraconic acide5
- Qualifier
- alleviating the salt stresse5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“COS-PA application decreased leaf Na + content significantly in salt-stressed cotton seedlings by 69.70%”
e5“COS-PA application regulated the abundances of key leaf metabolites (L-lactic acid, Succinic acid, Methylmalonic acid, Aconitic acid, Citraconic acid), alleviating the salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
COS-PA application may improve salt stress resistance of cotton seedlings by adjusting carbohydrate metabolism.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume6
- Treatment
- COS-PA applicatione6
- Outcome
- salt stress resistancee6
- Qualifier
- carbohydrate metabolisme6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“COS-PA application could improve cotton seedling’s salt stress resistance by adjusting the growth characteristics, photosynthetic characteristics, and carbohydrate metabolism of cotton seedlings”
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See all 27 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.