Abstract
Abstract The osmotic concentration (osmotic potential) of onion leaf sap did not adjust to chloride salinity, and consequently water potential, turgor, stomatal aperture and transpiration were reduced. Although osmotic concentration of bean and cotton leaf sap did adjust to a saline root medium and turgor was no less in the salinized plants than in the controls, stomata of the salinized plants remained only partly open and transpiration was reduced. Net photosynthesis of onion plants was reduced by salinity (this effect being much enhanced in a hot dry atmosphere) but it could be rapidly raised to the level of the controls by inducing elevated leaf turgor. Stomatal closure was initially responsible for most of the ∼30 % reduction in photosynthesis of salinized beans. This was due to interference with CO 2 diffusion and could be overcome by raising the CO 2 concentration in the air. At a later stage of growth, salinity affected the light reaction of bean photosynthesis, and elevation of the air CO 2 had little effect. Closure of stomata of salinized cotton plants had only a relatively small effect on net photosynthesis. Light intensity and CO 2 concentration experiments showed that salinity was reducing the photosynthesis of cotton leaves mainly by affecting the light reaction of photosynthesis. It is concluded that chloride salinity does affect the water balance and rate of photosynthesis of plants and that the nature and degree of the effects will depend upon climatic conditions and may be very different between plant species and in the same species at different periods of growth.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Onion leaf sap did not adjust osmotically to chloride salinity.
- Taxon
- onion
Allium cepae0 - Treatment
- chloride salinitye0
- Outcome
- osmotic concentration (osmotic potential)e0
- Direction
- did not adjuste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The osmotic concentration (osmotic potential) of onion leaf sap did not adjust to chloride salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion salinity reduced water potential, turgor, stomatal aperture and transpiration.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- chloride salinitye0
- Outcome
- water potential, turgor, stomatal aperture and transpiratione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The osmotic concentration (osmotic potential) of onion leaf sap did not adjust to chloride salinity, and consequently water potential, turgor, stomatal aperture and transpiration were reduced”
Claim · model-written summary
Bean leaf sap adjusted osmotically to saline root medium.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“osmotic concentration of bean and cotton leaf sap did adjust to a saline root medium”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton leaf sap adjusted osmotically to saline root medium.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- saline root mediume0
- Outcome
- osmotic concentratione0
- Direction
- did adjuste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“osmotic concentration of bean and cotton leaf sap did adjust to a saline root medium”
Claim · model-written summary
Turgor in salinized bean and cotton was no less than controls.
Verbatim
e0“turgor was no less in the salinized plants than in the controls”
e1“bean and cotton leaf sap did adjust to a saline root medium”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinized bean and cotton stomata stayed partly open and transpiration fell.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“stomata of the salinized plants remained only partly open and transpiration was reduced”
e1“bean and cotton leaf sap did adjust to a saline root medium”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced onion net photosynthesis, especially in hot dry air.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- Net photosynthesise0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- hot dry atmospheree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Net photosynthesis of onion plants was reduced by salinity (this effect being much enhanced in a hot dry atmosphere)”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated leaf turgor rapidly restored onion photosynthesis to control levels.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae1
- Treatment
- inducing elevated leaf turgore0
- Outcome
- Net photosynthesise1
- Direction
- raisede0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it could be rapidly raised to the level of the controls by inducing elevated leaf turgor”
e1“Net photosynthesis of onion plants was reduced by salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal closure initially accounted for most of the roughly 30 % photosynthesis decrease in salinized beans.
Verbatim
e0“Stomatal closure was initially responsible for most of the ∼30 % reduction in photosynthesis of salinized beans”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising air CO 2 overcame the bean photosynthetic diffusion limitation.
- Taxon
- beanse1
- Treatment
- raising the CO 2 concentration in the aire0
- Outcome
- interference with CO 2 diffusione0
- Direction
- overcomee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“This was due to interference with CO 2 diffusion and could be overcome by raising the CO 2 concentration in the air”
e1“photosynthesis of salinized beans”
Claim · model-written summary
Later salinity affected the light reaction of bean photosynthesis.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“At a later stage of growth, salinity affected the light reaction of bean photosynthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
At the later stage, raising air CO 2 had little effect on bean photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- beane0
- Treatment
- elevation of the air CO 2e0
- Outcome
- light reaction of bean photosynthesise0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“At a later stage of growth, salinity affected the light reaction of bean photosynthesis, and elevation of the air CO 2 had little effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal closure in salinized cotton had a relatively small effect on net photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- salinizede0
- Outcome
- net photosynthesise0
- Qualifier
- Closure of stomatae0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Closure of stomata of salinized cotton plants had only a relatively small effect on net photosynthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced cotton leaf photosynthesis mainly by affecting its light reaction.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- photosynthesis of cotton leavese0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Qualifier
- light reaction of photosynthesise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity was reducing the photosynthesis of cotton leaves mainly by affecting the light reaction of photosynthesis”
The same questions in other papers
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8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
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5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 13 in the opposite direction
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See all 19 papers →salinity · physiology: photosynthesis · Allium cepa (onion)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.