Abstract
Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the growth and physiological responses cotton plants to salt stress. At seven leaf stage, cotton plants were subjected to two treatments; 0 mM NaCl as the control and 150 mM NaCl as the salt stress treatment, respectively. The effect of salt stress on leaf gas exchange rates, leaf nitrogen concentration, chlorophyll content, leaf K + and Na + concentrations, plant water status, endogenous phytohormone concentrations, dry matter accumulation and partitioning in plant organs was evaluated. The results showed that salt stress significantly decreased plant growth, water consumption, leaf water relations characteristics and leaf gas exchange rates as compared to the control. Under salt, photosynthetic rate was reduced to less extend than did stomatal conductance ( g s ) and transpiration rate, resulting in greater intrinsic and instantaneous water use efficiencies compared to the control plants. g s decreased linearly with decreasing leaf water potential and leaf hydraulic conductance under salt. Salt‐stressed plants possessed a significant higher concentration of abscisic acid ([ABA] leaf ), while a significantly lower concentrations of gibberellic acid ([GA3] leaf ) and zeatin riboside ([ZR] leaf ) in leaf than those grown under control. Negative linear relationships were found between g s and [ABA] leaf , ratio of [ABA] leaf to [GA3] leaf , ratio of [ABA] leaf to ([GA3] leaf +[ZR] leaf ), respectively. Salt stress significantly decreased leaf K + concentration, the ratio of K + /Na + in leaf, shoot growth and biomass partitioning into leaf and stem, whereas increased leaf chlorophyll content, leaf nitrogen concentration and biomass partitioning into boll. Although the water use efficiency of plant biomass was unaffected, the water use efficiency of boll biomass was significantly enhanced by salt stress. Collectively, salt‐induced changes in both hydraulic and chemical properties were involved in mediating the leaf gas exchange response to salt stress, and the enhanced leaf nitrogen concentration and biomass partitioning into boll may lead to a sustained yield with less water consumption in cotton plants grown under moderate salinity stress.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress significantly reduced growth, water consumption, leaf water relations and gas exchange.
- Taxon
- cotton plants
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- plant growth, water consumption, leaf water relations characteristics and leaf gas exchange ratese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt stress significantly decreased plant growth, water consumption, leaf water relations characteristics and leaf gas exchange rates as compared to the control.”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt, photosynthesis decreased less than stomatal conductance and transpiration.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- salte0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- stomatal conductance ( g s ) and transpiration ratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under salt, photosynthetic rate was reduced to less extend than did stomatal conductance ( g s ) and transpiration rate”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt increased intrinsic and instantaneous water use efficiencies.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- salte1
- Outcome
- intrinsic and instantaneous water use efficienciese0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resulting in greater intrinsic and instantaneous water use efficiencies compared to the control plants.”
e1“Under salt”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal conductance fell linearly with leaf water potential and hydraulic conductance under salt.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- salte0
- Outcome
- g se0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- decreasing leaf water potential and leaf hydraulic conductancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“g s decreased linearly with decreasing leaf water potential and leaf hydraulic conductance under salt.”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt significantly increased leaf ABA concentration.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Salt‐stressede0
- Outcome
- concentration of abscisic acid ([ABA] leaf )e0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt‐stressed plants possessed a significant higher concentration of abscisic acid ([ABA] leaf )”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt significantly lowered leaf GA3 and ZR concentrations.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Salt‐stressede1
- Outcome
- concentrations of gibberellic acid ([GA3] leaf ) and zeatin riboside ([ZR] leaf )e0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significantly lower concentrations of gibberellic acid ([GA3] leaf ) and zeatin riboside ([ZR] leaf ) in leaf than those grown under control.”
e1“Salt‐stressed plants”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal conductance had negative linear relations with ABA and two ABA-to-other-hormone ratios.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Compound
- [ABA] leafe0
- Outcome
- g se0
- Direction
- Negativee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Negative linear relationships were found between g s and [ABA] leaf , ratio of [ABA] leaf to [GA3] leaf , ratio of [ABA] leaf to ([GA3] leaf +[ZR] leaf ), respectively.”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt significantly reduced leaf potassium and potassium-to-sodium ratio.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf K + concentration, the ratio of K + /Na + in leafe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress significantly decreased leaf K + concentration, the ratio of K + /Na + in leaf”
e1“0 mM NaCl as the control”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt significantly reduced shoot growth and biomass allocation to leaves and stems.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- shoot growth and biomass partitioning into leaf and steme0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress significantly decreased leaf K + concentration, the ratio of K + /Na + in leaf, shoot growth and biomass partitioning into leaf and stem”
e1“0 mM NaCl as the control”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt increased leaf chlorophyll and nitrogen concentration.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse1
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll content, leaf nitrogen concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased leaf chlorophyll content, leaf nitrogen concentration and biomass partitioning into boll.”
e1“Salt stress”
e2“0 mM NaCl as the control”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt increased biomass partitioning into bolls.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse1
- Outcome
- biomass partitioning into bolle0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased leaf chlorophyll content, leaf nitrogen concentration and biomass partitioning into boll.”
e1“Salt stress”
e2“0 mM NaCl as the control”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt did not change whole-plant biomass water use efficiency.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- salt stresse1
- Outcome
- water use efficiency of plant biomasse0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
- Comparator
- controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the water use efficiency of plant biomass was unaffected”
e1“150 mM NaCl as the salt stress treatment”
e2“0 mM NaCl as the control”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt significantly increased boll biomass water use efficiency.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- water use efficiency of boll biomasse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the water use efficiency of boll biomass was significantly enhanced by salt stress.”
e1“0 mM NaCl as the control”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors linked salt-induced hydraulic and chemical changes to the leaf gas exchange response.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf gas exchange responsee0
- Qualifier
- hydraulic and chemical propertiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt‐induced changes in both hydraulic and chemical properties were involved in mediating the leaf gas exchange response to salt stress”
t0“cotton plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggested increased leaf nitrogen and boll allocation may sustain yield with less water.
- Taxon
- cotton plantsGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- sustained yield with less water consumptione0
- Qualifier
- enhanced leaf nitrogen concentration and biomass partitioning into bolle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the enhanced leaf nitrogen concentration and biomass partitioning into boll may lead to a sustained yield with less water consumption in cotton plants grown under moderate salinity stress.”
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