Abstract
With the intensification of climate change, spring low-temperature stress (SLTS) leads to floret degeneration and a decrease in grain number. This study investigated the physiological mechanisms underlying SLTS-induced floret degeneration using two wheat varieties with contrasting cold sensitivity. SLTS caused yellowing and shrinkage of floret primordia, increasing floret degradation and fertile floret abortion, ultimately reducing grains per spike by 12.2%–26.1%. SLTS disrupted nutrient supply, impairing dry matter accumulation in young spikes. At 0–15 DALTS, SLTS caused a brief increase in the sugar content of young spikes (0–3 DALTS), followed by a rapid decrease (6–15 DALTS), while the total nitrogen content keeps decreasing. SLTS altered key enzyme activities, enhancing sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase but suppressing nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that SLTS perturbed starch and sucrose metabolism, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and amino sugar pathways, altering soluble sugars, sucrose, fructose, and protein levels. SLTS disrupted carbon–nitrogen metabolic homeostasis, thereby reducing the number of fertile florets and ultimately leading to a decrease in grain number per spike. These findings enhance understanding of SLTS impacts on wheat floret development and provide insights for improving low-temperature tolerance and yield stability in wheat.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
SLTS caused yellowing and shrinkage of floret primordia in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Organ / stage
- floret primordiae1
- Treatment
- SLTSe1
- Outcome
- yellowing and shrinkage of floret primordiae1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“SLTS caused yellowing and shrinkage of floret primordia”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
SLTS increased floret degradation and fertile floret abortion in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SLTSe1
- Outcome
- floret degradation and fertile floret abortione1
- Direction
- increasinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“SLTS caused yellowing and shrinkage of floret primordia, increasing floret degradation and fertile floret abortion”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
SLTS reduced grains per spike in wheat by 12.2%-26.1%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SLTSe1
- Outcome
- grains per spikee1
- Direction
- reducinge1
- Value
- 12.2%–26.1%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“SLTS caused yellowing and shrinkage of floret primordia, increasing floret degradation and fertile floret abortion, ultimately reducing grains per spike by 12.2%–26.1%”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
SLTS disrupted nutrient supply, impairing dry matter accumulation in young spikes.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- young spikese1
- Treatment
- SLTSe1
- Outcome
- dry matter accumulatione1
- Direction
- impairinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“SLTS disrupted nutrient supply, impairing dry matter accumulation in young spikes”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
SLTS caused a brief increase in sugar content of young spikes at 0-3 DALTS.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- young spikese1
- Treatment
- SLTSe1
- Outcome
- sugar contente1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Qualifier
- 0–3 DALTSe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“At 0–15 DALTS, SLTS caused a brief increase in the sugar content of young spikes (0–3 DALTS), followed by a rapid decrease (6–15 DALTS), while the total nitrogen content keeps decreasing”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
SLTS caused a rapid decrease in sugar content of young spikes at 6-15 DALTS.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- young spikese1
- Treatment
- SLTSe1
- Outcome
- sugar contente1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Qualifier
- 6–15 DALTSe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“At 0–15 DALTS, SLTS caused a brief increase in the sugar content of young spikes (0–3 DALTS), followed by a rapid decrease (6–15 DALTS), while the total nitrogen content keeps decreasing”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Total nitrogen content of wheat young spikes kept decreasing under SLTS during 0-15 DALTS.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SLTSe1
- Outcome
- total nitrogen contente1
- Direction
- decreasinge1
- Qualifier
- At 0–15 DALTSe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“At 0–15 DALTS, SLTS caused a brief increase in the sugar content of young spikes (0–3 DALTS), followed by a rapid decrease (6–15 DALTS), while the total nitrogen content keeps decreasing”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
SLTS enhanced the activities of sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SLTSe1
- Gene
- sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthasee1
- Outcome
- key enzyme activitiese1
- Direction
- enhancinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“SLTS altered key enzyme activities, enhancing sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase but suppressing nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
SLTS suppressed the activities of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SLTSe1
- Gene
- nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetasee1
- Outcome
- key enzyme activitiese1
- Direction
- suppressinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“SLTS altered key enzyme activities, enhancing sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase but suppressing nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Transcriptomic analysis showed that SLTS perturbed starch and sucrose metabolism, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and amino sugar pathways.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SLTSe1
- Outcome
- starch and sucrose metabolism, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and amino sugar pathwayse1
- Direction
- perturbede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Transcriptomic analysis revealed that SLTS perturbed starch and sucrose metabolism, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and amino sugar pathways”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
SLTS altered soluble sugar, sucrose and fructose levels.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SLTSe1
- Outcome
- soluble sugars, sucrose, fructosee1
- Direction
- alteringe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Transcriptomic analysis revealed that SLTS perturbed starch and sucrose metabolism, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and amino sugar pathways, altering soluble sugars, sucrose, fructose, and protein levels”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
SLTS altered protein levels.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SLTSe1
- Outcome
- protein levelse1
- Direction
- alteringe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Transcriptomic analysis revealed that SLTS perturbed starch and sucrose metabolism, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and amino sugar pathways, altering soluble sugars, sucrose, fructose, and protein levels”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that SLTS disrupted carbon-nitrogen metabolic homeostasis, thereby reducing fertile floret number and grain number per spike.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SLTSe1
- Outcome
- number of fertile floretse1
- Qualifier
- disrupted carbon–nitrogen metabolic homeostasise1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“SLTS disrupted carbon–nitrogen metabolic homeostasis, thereby reducing the number of fertile florets and ultimately leading to a decrease in grain number per spike”
t0“wheat”
The same questions in other papers
cold · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
45 papers in the same direction as this paper · 21 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
63 papers more in this group
See all 67 papers →cold · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
23 papers more in this group
See all 27 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.