Abstract
The field experiment was conducted with an objective to assess the bio-efficacy of herbicide admixtures against composite weed flora in wheat (Triticum aestivum) under three methods of wheat seeding. It was conducted at Students’ Research Farm, Khalsa College, Amritsar during Rabi season of 2020-21 in split-plot design, replicated thrice, with three methods of sowing, viz. conventional tillage, super seeder and happy seeder in main plots and seven weed management treatments in sub-plots, viz. pinoxaden + clodinafop, fenoxaprop + metribuzin, metsulfuron-methyl + carfentrazone-ethyl + NIS, pendimethalin fb pinoxaden + metsulfuron-methyl, isoproturon + 2,4-D, weed free and weedy. Among the different methods of wheat seeding, greater weed density and biomass was observed in happy seeder sown wheat than the super seeder sown wheat, while the maximum weed density and biomass was observed in wheat sown with conventional tillage. Super seeder sown wheat recorded highest grain and straw yields as well as net return and B:C ratio. Among the various weed control treatments, pre-emergence application (PE) within 2 days after wheat sowing (DAS) of pendimethalin 900 g/ ha followed by (fb) post-emergence application (PoE) at 35 DAS of pinoxaden + metsulfuron-methyl 60 g/ha enhanced of growth, yield and benefit cost ratio of wheat which was at par with weed free, pinoxaden + clodinafop-propargyl 70 g/ha PoE and fenoxaprop + metribuzin 110 g/ha and significantly better than metsulfuron-methyl 4 g/ha + carfentrazone-ethyl 25 g/ha (PoE), isoproturon 750 g/ha + 2,4-D 500 g/ha PoE as compared to weedy check. Pendimethalin 900 g/ha PE fb pinoxaden + metsulfuron-methyl 60 g/ha PoE recorded the maximum wheat grain (5.42 t/ha), net returns (Rs. 87373/-) and B:C ratio (2.04).
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Happy seeder wheat had greater weed density and biomass than super seeder wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- happy seedere0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed density and biomasse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- super seedere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greater weed density and biomass was observed in happy seeder sown wheat than the super seeder sown wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage wheat had maximum weed density and biomass.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- conventional tillagee0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed density and biomasse0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum weed density and biomass was observed in wheat sown with conventional tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
Super seeder wheat had the highest grain and straw yields.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Super seedere0
- Outcome
- grain and straw yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Super seeder sown wheat recorded highest grain and straw yields as well as net return and B:C ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Super seeder wheat had highest net return and B:C ratio.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Super seedere0
- Outcome
- net return and B:C ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Super seeder sown wheat recorded highest grain and straw yields as well as net return and B:C ratio”
Claim · model-written summary
Sequential pendimethalin and pinoxaden plus metsulfuron improved wheat growth, yield and benefit cost ratio.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin 900 g/ ha followed by (fb) post-emergence application (PoE) at 35 DAS of pinoxaden + metsulfuron-methyl 60 g/hae0
- Outcome
- growth, yield and benefit cost ratioe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pendimethalin 900 g/ ha followed by (fb) post-emergence application (PoE) at 35 DAS of pinoxaden + metsulfuron-methyl 60 g/ha enhanced of growth, yield and benefit cost ratio of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The sequential treatment produced maximum grain yield of 5.42 t/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Pendimethalin 900 g/ha PE fb pinoxaden + metsulfuron-methyl 60 g/ha PoEe0
- Outcome
- wheat graine0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 5.42 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pendimethalin 900 g/ha PE fb pinoxaden + metsulfuron-methyl 60 g/ha PoE recorded the maximum wheat grain (5.42 t/ha), net returns (Rs. 87373/-) and B:C ratio (2.04)”
Claim · model-written summary
The sequential treatment produced net returns of Rs. 87373/-.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Pendimethalin 900 g/ha PE fb pinoxaden + metsulfuron-methyl 60 g/ha PoEe0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- Rs. 87373/-e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pendimethalin 900 g/ha PE fb pinoxaden + metsulfuron-methyl 60 g/ha PoE recorded the maximum wheat grain (5.42 t/ha), net returns (Rs. 87373/-) and B:C ratio (2.04)”
Claim · model-written summary
The sequential treatment produced a B:C ratio of 2.04.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Pendimethalin 900 g/ha PE fb pinoxaden + metsulfuron-methyl 60 g/ha PoEe0
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 2.04e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pendimethalin 900 g/ha PE fb pinoxaden + metsulfuron-methyl 60 g/ha PoE recorded the maximum wheat grain (5.42 t/ha), net returns (Rs. 87373/-) and B:C ratio (2.04)”
The same questions in other papers
pinoxaden · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
25 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
26 papers more in this group
See all 30 papers →pendimethalin · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
56 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
62 papers more in this group
See all 66 papers →pendimethalin · organism · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
metsulfuron methyl · organism · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
metsulfuron methyl · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
142 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
151 papers more in this group
See all 155 papers →tillage · weed · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
56 papers in the same direction as this paper · 126 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
179 papers more in this group
See all 183 papers →herbicide · organism · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
27 papers more in this group
See all 31 papers →herbicide · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
465 papers in the same direction as this paper · 87 in the opposite direction · 10 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
559 papers more in this group
See all 563 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.