Abstract
The ameliorative mechanism of biochar in reducing soil greenhouse gas emissions in arid saline farmland remains unclear. A two-year field study in sorghum farmland in China’s Hetao Irrigation District was conducted to assess the influence of corn straw-derived biochar on GHG emissions and explore the role of soil physicochemical properties in regulating GHG fluxes. Four different biochar application rates were tested: 0 (CK), 15 (C15), 30 (C30), and 45 t hm−2 (C45). Compared to CK, C15 reduced CH4 emissions by 15.2% and seasonal CH4 flux by 77.0%. The N2O flux followed CK > C45 > C30 > C15 from 2021 to 2022. C15 and C30 significantly decreased GWP, mitigating GHG emission intensity. Biochar application enhanced sorghum grain yield. Soil temperature was the primary determinant of CH4 flux (total effect = 0.92). In the second year, biochar’s influence on CH4 emissions increased by 0.76. Multivariate SEM identified soil moisture (total effect = −0.72) and soil temperature (total effect = −0.70) as primary negative regulators of N2O fluxes. C40 lead to salt accumulation, which increases CH4 emissions but inhibits N2O emissions. Averaged over two years, GWP under C15 and C30 decreased by 76.5–106.7% and 5.3–56.1%, respectively, compared to CK. Overall, the application of biochar at a rate of 15 t hm−2 significantly reduced CH4 and N2O emissions and increased sorghum yield.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
C15 reduced methane emissions by 15.2% versus CK.
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to CK, C15 reduced CH4 emissions by 15.2% and seasonal CH4 flux by 77.0%.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
C15 reduced seasonal methane flux by 77.0% versus CK.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to CK, C15 reduced CH4 emissions by 15.2% and seasonal CH4 flux by 77.0%.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
N2O flux ranked CK above C45, C30 and C15.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The N2O flux followed CK > C45 > C30 > C15 from 2021 to 2022.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
C15 significantly decreased GWP.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C15 and C30 significantly decreased GWP, mitigating GHG emission intensity.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
C30 significantly decreased GWP.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C15 and C30 significantly decreased GWP, mitigating GHG emission intensity.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar increased sorghum grain yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biochar application enhanced sorghum grain yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil temperature was the primary determinant of methane flux.
Not reportedSettingDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil temperature was the primary determinant of CH4 flux (total effect = 0.92).”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
The effect of biochar on methane emissions increased in the second year.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the second year, biochar’s influence on CH4 emissions increased by 0.76.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil moisture negatively regulated N2O flux.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Multivariate SEM identified soil moisture (total effect = −0.72) and soil temperature (total effect = −0.70) as primary negative regulators of N2O fluxes.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil temperature negatively regulated N2O flux.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Multivariate SEM identified soil moisture (total effect = −0.72) and soil temperature (total effect = −0.70) as primary negative regulators of N2O fluxes.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
C40 caused salt accumulation.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C40 lead to salt accumulation, which increases CH4 emissions but inhibits N2O emissions.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt accumulation increased methane emissions.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C40 lead to salt accumulation, which increases CH4 emissions but inhibits N2O emissions.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt accumulation inhibited N2O emissions.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C40 lead to salt accumulation, which increases CH4 emissions but inhibits N2O emissions.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
C15 lowered two-year GWP versus CK by 76.5–106.7%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Averaged over two years, GWP under C15 and C30 decreased by 76.5–106.7% and 5.3–56.1%, respectively, compared to CK.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
C30 lowered two-year GWP versus CK by 5.3–56.1%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Averaged over two years, GWP under C15 and C30 decreased by 76.5–106.7% and 5.3–56.1%, respectively, compared to CK.”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that biochar at 15 t hm−2 reduced methane emissions.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overall, the application of biochar at a rate of 15 t hm−2 significantly reduced CH4 and N2O emissions and increased sorghum yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that biochar at 15 t hm−2 reduced N2O emissions.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overall, the application of biochar at a rate of 15 t hm−2 significantly reduced CH4 and N2O emissions and increased sorghum yield.”
The same questions in other papers
biochar · yield · SorghumPositive and negative results
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →biochar · environment: emissions · SorghumResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.