Abstract
The rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration due to global climate change may affect both plants and herbivorous insects. In this study, we explored the interactions between the feeding behavior of Nilaparvata lugens (Stål, 1854) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) and rice plant responses-specifically photosynthesis, non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs), and oxidative stress under elevated CO2 (eCO2) conditions. The results showed that without N. lugens infestation, eCO2 enhanced rice plants' photosynthesis parameters and promoted NSCs accumulation and metabolism, while suppressing oxidative stress parameters compared to ambient CO2 (aCO2). However, under N. lugens infestation, eCO2-grown rice plants' photosynthesis parameters and NSCs levels declined, while oxidative stress parameters increased, ultimately surpassing those in aCO2-grown rice plants by 24 h. Electrical penetration graph (EPG) analysis revealed that N. lugens increased feeding activity on rice plants under eCO2 within the first 0 to 24 h, but reduced feeding between 24 and 36 h. Mantel test further verified that the feeding behavior of N. lugens was closely related to photosynthesis, NSCs and oxidative stress of rice plants under eCO2. This study demonstrates that eCO2 dynamically alters the interactions between rice plants and N. lugens by simultaneously modulating plant resource allocation and oxidative stress responses, thereby driving time-dependent shifts in the feeding behavior of N. lugens. These findings provide novel insights into how climate change may reshape trophic interactions in agroecosystems through physiological feedback mechanisms.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Without N. lugens infestation, elevated CO2 enhanced photosynthesis parameters in rice compared with ambient CO2.
- Taxon
- rice plants
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- eCO2e1
- Outcome
- photosynthesis parameterse1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Qualifier
- without N. lugens infestatione1
- Comparator
- ambient CO2e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“without N. lugens infestation, eCO2 enhanced rice plants' photosynthesis parameters”
e2“compared to ambient CO2 (aCO2)”
Claim · model-written summary
Without N. lugens infestation, elevated CO2 promoted non-structural carbohydrate accumulation and metabolism in rice compared with ambient CO2.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae3
- Treatment
- eCO2e3
- Outcome
- NSCs accumulation and metabolisme3
- Direction
- promotede3
- Qualifier
- without N. lugens infestatione3
- Comparator
- ambient CO2e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“without N. lugens infestation, eCO2 enhanced rice plants' photosynthesis parameters and promoted NSCs accumulation and metabolism”
e2“compared to ambient CO2 (aCO2)”
Claim · model-written summary
Without N. lugens infestation, elevated CO2 suppressed oxidative stress parameters in rice compared with ambient CO2.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- eCO2e1
- Outcome
- oxidative stress parameterse4
- Direction
- suppressinge4
- Qualifier
- without N. lugens infestatione1
- Comparator
- ambient CO2e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“while suppressing oxidative stress parameters compared to ambient CO2 (aCO2)”
e1“without N. lugens infestation, eCO2 enhanced rice plants' photosynthesis parameters”
Claim · model-written summary
Under N. lugens infestation, elevated CO2 reduced photosynthesis parameters and NSC levels in rice.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae5
- Treatment
- N. lugens infestatione5
- Interactor
- N. lugens
Nilaparvata lugense5pest - Outcome
- photosynthesis parameters and NSCs levelse5
- Direction
- declinede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“under N. lugens infestation, eCO2-grown rice plants' photosynthesis parameters and NSCs levels declined”
Claim · model-written summary
Under N. lugens infestation, elevated CO2 increased oxidative stress parameters in rice.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae5
- Treatment
- N. lugens infestatione5
- Interactor
- N. lugensNilaparvata lugense5pest
- Outcome
- oxidative stress parameterse6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“under N. lugens infestation, eCO2-grown rice plants' photosynthesis parameters and NSCs levels declined”
e6“while oxidative stress parameters increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Under N. lugens infestation, oxidative stress parameters in eCO2-grown rice surpassed those in aCO2-grown rice by 24 h.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae7
- Treatment
- N. lugens infestatione5
- Interactor
- N. lugensNilaparvata lugense5pest
- Outcome
- oxidative stress parameterse6
- Direction
- surpassinge7
- Qualifier
- by 24 he7
- Comparator
- aCO2-grown rice plantse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“ultimately surpassing those in aCO2-grown rice plants by 24 h”
e6“while oxidative stress parameters increased”
e5“under N. lugens infestation, eCO2-grown rice plants' photosynthesis parameters and NSCs levels declined”
Claim · model-written summary
Under eCO2, N. lugens increased feeding activity on rice within the first 0 to 24 h.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- eCO2e0
- Interactor
- N. lugensNilaparvata lugense0pest
- Outcome
- feeding activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- within the first 0 to 24 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N. lugens increased feeding activity on rice plants under eCO2 within the first 0 to 24 h”
Claim · model-written summary
Under eCO2, N. lugens reduced feeding between 24 and 36 h on rice.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- eCO2e1
- Interactor
- N. lugensNilaparvata lugense1pest
- Outcome
- feedinge0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- between 24 and 36 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but reduced feeding between 24 and 36 h”
e1“N. lugens increased feeding activity on rice plants under eCO2 within the first 0 to 24 h”
Claim · model-written summary
The feeding behaviour of N. lugens was closely related to photosynthesis, NSCs and oxidative stress of rice under eCO2.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- eCO2e0
- Interactor
- N. lugensNilaparvata lugense0pest
- Outcome
- feeding behaviore0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mantel test further verified that the feeding behavior of N. lugens was closely related to photosynthesis, NSCs and oxidative stress of rice plants under eCO2”
Claim · model-written summary
eCO2 alters rice and N. lugens interactions by modulating plant resource allocation and oxidative stress responses, driving time-dependent shifts in feeding behaviour.
- Taxon
- rice plantsOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- eCO2e0
- Interactor
- N. lugensNilaparvata lugense0pest
- Outcome
- time-dependent shifts in the feeding behaviore0
- Qualifier
- simultaneously modulating plant resource allocation and oxidative stress responsese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“eCO2 dynamically alters the interactions between rice plants and N. lugens by simultaneously modulating plant resource allocation and oxidative stress responses, thereby driving time-dependent shifts in the feeding behavior of N. lugens”
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See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.