Abstract
Abstract Starter fertilizers containing phosphorus (P) are applied to increase corn ( Zea mays L.) early growth and ultimately grain yield. This study determined the rate of starter P needed to increase corn early plant growth and grain yield at differing starting soil test phosphorus (STP) concentrations with or without broadcast P application. Field trials were established at 10 site‐years in Minnesota using a split‐plot design. Main blocks consisted of 0 or 59 kg P ha −1 broadcast pre‐plant. Sub‐plots consisted of liquid starter fertilizer (10‐15‐0 N‐P‐K): 0, 29, 58, and 87 kg ha −1 applied on the corn seed. Analysis was conducted across sites after classifying each block per site (low, medium, high, and very high STP) according to University of Minnesota guidelines. Corn plant mass and P uptake at V5–V7 increased linearly as the rate of starter P regardless of where broadcast P was applied and initial STP concentration. Corn yield was increased by P when STP was in the low or medium STP classification, and application of starter P alone did not maximize grain yield in low P soils. The data indicate that 29 kg ha −1 of the starter applied in this study is sufficient to increase early plant growth and corn yield compared to broadcast P only when STP was medium or higher. Broadcast P is needed to maximize yield when STP was low, and varying starter rates more than 29 kg ha −1 will not result in a greater yield potential across sites versus broadcast P alone regardless of STP concentration.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Corn mass increased linearly with starter phosphorus rate regardless of broadcast phosphorus or initial soil P.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Organ / stage
- V5–V7e0
- Treatment
- rate of starter Pe0
- Outcome
- Corn plant masse0
- Direction
- increased linearlye0
- Qualifier
- regardless of where broadcast P was applied and initial STP concentratione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn plant mass and P uptake at V5–V7 increased linearly as the rate of starter P regardless of where broadcast P was applied and initial STP concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn phosphorus uptake increased linearly with starter phosphorus rate regardless of broadcast phosphorus or initial soil P.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Organ / stage
- V5–V7e0
- Treatment
- rate of starter Pe0
- Outcome
- P uptakee0
- Direction
- increased linearlye0
- Qualifier
- regardless of where broadcast P was applied and initial STP concentratione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn plant mass and P uptake at V5–V7 increased linearly as the rate of starter P regardless of where broadcast P was applied and initial STP concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus increased corn yield in low or medium soil P classes.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Pe0
- Outcome
- Corn yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- low or medium STP classificatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn yield was increased by P when STP was in the low or medium STP classification”
Claim · model-written summary
Starter phosphorus alone did not maximize grain yield in low phosphorus soils.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“application of starter P alone did not maximize grain yield in low P soils”
Claim · model-written summary
At medium or higher soil P, 29 kg ha −1 starter fertilizer was sufficient to increase early growth relative to broadcast P alone.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“29 kg ha −1 of the starter applied in this study is sufficient to increase early plant growth and corn yield compared to broadcast P only when STP was medium or higher”
e1“Corn yield was increased by P when STP was in the low or medium STP classification”
Claim · model-written summary
At medium or higher soil P, 29 kg ha −1 starter fertilizer was sufficient to increase corn yield relative to broadcast P alone.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- 29 kg ha −1 of the startere0
- Outcome
- corn yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- STP was medium or highere0
- Comparator
- broadcast P onlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“29 kg ha −1 of the starter applied in this study is sufficient to increase early plant growth and corn yield compared to broadcast P only when STP was medium or higher”
Claim · model-written summary
Broadcast phosphorus was needed to maximize yield at low soil P.
- Outcome
- Broadcast P is needed to maximize yield when STP was lowe0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Broadcast P is needed to maximize yield when STP was low”
Claim · model-written summary
Starter rates above 29 kg ha −1 did not improve yield potential over broadcast P alone across sites.
- Treatment
- starter rates more than 29 kg ha −1e0
- Outcome
- yield potentiale0
- Direction
- will not result in a greatere0
- Qualifier
- regardless of STP concentratione0
- Comparator
- broadcast P alonee0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“varying starter rates more than 29 kg ha −1 will not result in a greater yield potential across sites versus broadcast P alone regardless of STP concentration”
The same questions in other papers
phosphorus · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
548 papers in the same direction as this paper · 69 in the opposite direction · 9 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
623 papers more in this group
See all 627 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.