Abstract
Abstract It has been questioned whether the sufficient phosphorus (P)management approach could maximize potential grain yield in today's agricultural systems. The objective of this research was to establish six long‐term experiments across Minnesota to test phosphorus (P) management strategies on soils with a defined long‐term P history. Four soil test phosphorus (STP) interpretation classes were established as whole plots (low, medium, high, and very high). Split‐plots within each STP class consisted of one split‐plot that did not receive P (−P), and the second split‐plot received a broadcast application of P fertilizer (+P) at the rate of 73 (low), 44 (medium), 15 (high), and 15 (very high) kg P ha −1 . Grain yield, grain P concentration, and grain P removal were determined during corn ( Zea mays L.) (2015 and 2016) and soybean [ Glycine max (L) Merr.] (2017) growing seasons. Grain yield was increased by P fertilizer at 7 of 18 site‐years. Grain yields were similar between fertilized STP plots at the very low and low for corn and very low for soybean compared to nonfertilized or fertilized high and very high STP plots. No yield increase was noted for fertilized high or very high plots. Grain P removal was increased by applied P at 14 of 18 site‐years at the low and medium STP classes with no increase for the high and very high P testing soils. Results from this research indicate no greater yield potential for soils built to high or very high STP classes versus adequately fertilizing low‐ or medium‐testing soils.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
P fertilizer increased grain yield in 7 of 18 site-years.
- Taxon
- corn and soybean
Glycine max
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- P fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 7 of 18 site‐yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield was increased by P fertilizer at 7 of 18 site‐years”
t0“corn and soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilized very low and low soil-test P corn plots yielded similarly to high and very high plots.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- fertilized STP plots at the very low and lowe0
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- nonfertilized or fertilized high and very high STP plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yields were similar between fertilized STP plots at the very low and low for corn and very low for soybean compared to nonfertilized or fertilized high and very high STP plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilized very low soil-test P soybean plots yielded similarly to high and very high plots.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- fertilized STP plots at the very low and low for corn and very low for soybeane0
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- nonfertilized or fertilized high and very high STP plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yields were similar between fertilized STP plots at the very low and low for corn and very low for soybean compared to nonfertilized or fertilized high and very high STP plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization of high or very high soil-test P plots did not increase yield.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- fertilized high or very high plotse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- No yield increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No yield increase was noted for fertilized high or very high plots”
t0“corn and soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied P increased grain P removal at 14 of 18 site-years in low and medium soil-test P classes.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- applied Pe0
- Outcome
- Grain P removale0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 14 of 18 site‐yearse0
- Qualifier
- low and medium STP classese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain P removal was increased by applied P at 14 of 18 site‐years at the low and medium STP classes”
t0“corn and soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied P did not increase grain P removal in high and very high P testing soils.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- applied Pe0
- Outcome
- Grain P removale0
- Direction
- no increasee0
- Qualifier
- high and very high P testing soilse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain P removal was increased by applied P at 14 of 18 site‐years at the low and medium STP classes with no increase for the high and very high P testing soils”
t0“corn and soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that building soils to high or very high STP gives no greater yield potential than adequately fertilizing low or medium testing soils.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeanGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- no greater yield potentiale0
- Comparator
- adequately fertilizing low‐ or medium‐testing soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no greater yield potential for soils built to high or very high STP classes versus adequately fertilizing low‐ or medium‐testing soils”
t0“corn and soybean”
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