Abstract
‘Fuji’ apples require long-term storage to ensure year-round supply, and controlled-atmosphere (CA) technology is widely used to preserve their quality and reduce postharvest losses. Nitric oxide (NO), a natural signaling molecule in plants, has shown potential to delay ripening and reduce physiological and pathological disorders during fruit storage. This study evaluated the effect of nitric oxide (NO) treatment during controlled-atmosphere (CA) storage on the postharvest quality of ‘Fuji Mishima’ apples. Apples were stored for 8 months at 1 kPa O2 +< 0.5 kPa CO2, 1.0 ± 0.2 °C, and 94 ± 2% RH. The treatments consisted of a control (without NO) and five NO application regimes: 5 µL L−1 applied at the beginning of storage; 5 µL L−1 applied both at the beginning and end; 5 µL L−1 applied every 30 days; 10 µL L−1 applied at the beginning; and 10 µL L−1 applied both at the beginning and end of storage. All NO treatments delayed ethylene production and reduced its levels after 4 days under ambient conditions compared to the control. However, NO had no effect on flesh firmness, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, peel color, or flesh browning. Repeated NO applications (5 or 10 µL L−1) increased peel yellowing. Treatment with 5 µL L−1 applied every 30 days increased decay incidence. Phenolic compounds in the flesh were unaffected, while in the peel, they decreased with 10 µL L−1. Overall, NO application in CA storage of ‘Fuji Mishima’ apples did not maintain fruit quality and, in some cases, increased peel yellowing and decay.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
All nitric oxide treatments delayed ethylene production and reduced ethylene after four days under ambient conditions.
- Taxon
- apples
Malus domesticat0 - Material
- ‘Fuji Mishima’t0
- Treatment
- NO treatmentse0
- Outcome
- ethylene productione0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All NO treatments delayed ethylene production and reduced its levels after 4 days under ambient conditions compared to the control.”
t0“‘Fuji Mishima’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitric oxide did not affect flesh firmness, soluble solids, acidity, peel color or flesh browning.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- NOe0
- Outcome
- flesh firmness, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, peel color, or flesh browninge0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NO had no effect on flesh firmness, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, peel color, or flesh browning.”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated nitric oxide applications increased peel yellowing.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Repeated NO applications (5 or 10 µL L−1)e0
- Outcome
- peel yellowinge0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Repeated NO applications (5 or 10 µL L−1) increased peel yellowing.”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Five microliter per liter nitric oxide every 30 days increased decay incidence.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 5 µL L−1 applied every 30 dayse0
- Outcome
- decay incidencee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with 5 µL L−1 applied every 30 days increased decay incidence.”
t0“Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Flesh phenolic compounds were unaffected by nitric oxide.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Nitric Oxidet0
- Outcome
- Phenolic compounds in the fleshe0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phenolic compounds in the flesh were unaffected”
t0“Nitric Oxide in Controlled Atmosphere Storage of ‘Fuji Mishima’ Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Ten microliter per liter nitric oxide reduced peel phenolic compounds.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 10 µL L−1e0
- Outcome
- Phenolic compoundse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phenolic compounds in the flesh were unaffected, while in the peel, they decreased with 10 µL L−1”
t0“Nitric Oxide in Controlled Atmosphere Storage of ‘Fuji Mishima’ Apples”
The same questions in other papers
nitric oxide · quality: phytochemicals · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.