Abstract
• DEGs analysis revealed mineral uptake regulators under varying P and Al conditions in tea roots. • Al suppressed CsPHTs expression to limit cellular P uptake. • P enhanced Al concentration via transcriptional induction of CsMATE transporters. • Coordinated transcriptional regulation of Ca and K transporters maintained P-Ca-K homeostasis in tea roots. • Al-Mg interaction exhibited P-dependent antagonism in tea roots. The tea plant ( Camellia sinensis ) is predominantly cultivated in acidic soils, and demonstrates significant accumulation of Al in its root and leaf tissues. P is a key macronutrient required for the growth of tea plants. However, the mechanistic basis underlying Al’s influence on the mineral nutrition homeostasis under varying P concentrations remains unclear. Here, to mitigate ionic interactions in solution, we adopted alternating treatment of P and Al to investigate the combined effects on mineral element uptake and transcriptional profiles of tea plants. A total of 3522 annotated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained by transcriptome sequencing, with a large number of DEGs associated with mineral transport mechanisms, including transmembrane transporters and channel regulators. Notably, P significantly upregulated CsMATE genes expression, key mediators of Al transport, thereby enhancing the accumulation of Al in tea roots. Concurrently, Al exposure induced the transcriptional activation of P transport systems, specifically the CsPHT and CsPHO1 gene families. Intriguingly, while Ca and K exhibited synergistic regulation of P-Ca-K homeostasis, Al-Mg interaction displayed P-dependent antagonism within the roots. Four key transporters, CsPHT1–9, CsPHO1, CsPHO1; H1–1, and CsPHO1; H1–2, were functionally characterized through yeast heterologous expression, confirming their roles in P transport. Our research indicated that Al exposure in high-P conditions coordinated dual regulatory mechanisms, both direct transcriptional control via CsPHT1/PHO1 transporters and indirect modulation through ionic balance, collectively maintaining elemental homeostasis in tea plants. This study provides new insights and genetic resources for plant nutrient regulation in acidic soils and for Al-tolerant crop breeding.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Aluminium suppressed CsPHT expression, limiting cellular phosphate uptake.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The tea plant ( Camellia sinensis ) is predominantly cultivated in acidic soils”
e1“Al suppressed CsPHTs expression to limit cellular P uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphate significantly upregulated CsMATE gene expression.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The tea plant ( Camellia sinensis ) is predominantly cultivated in acidic soils”
e2“P significantly upregulated CsMATE genes expression, key mediators of Al transport, thereby enhancing the accumulation of Al in tea roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphate enhanced the accumulation of aluminium in tea roots.
- Taxon
- tea plante0
- Treatment
- Pe2
- Compound
- Ale2
- Outcome
- accumulation of Al in tea rootse2
- Direction
- enhancinge2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The tea plant ( Camellia sinensis ) is predominantly cultivated in acidic soils”
e2“P significantly upregulated CsMATE genes expression, key mediators of Al transport, thereby enhancing the accumulation of Al in tea roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Aluminium exposure induced transcriptional activation of phosphate transport systems, including CsPHT and CsPHO1 gene families.
- Taxon
- tea plante0
- Treatment
- Al exposuree3
- Gene
- CsPHT and CsPHO1 gene familiese3
- Outcome
- P transport systemse3
- Direction
- induced the transcriptional activatione3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The tea plant ( Camellia sinensis ) is predominantly cultivated in acidic soils”
e3“Al exposure induced the transcriptional activation of P transport systems, specifically the CsPHT and CsPHO1 gene families”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium and potassium show synergistic regulation of P-Ca-K homeostasis in tea roots.
Verbatim
e0“The tea plant ( Camellia sinensis ) is predominantly cultivated in acidic soils”
e4“Ca and K exhibited synergistic regulation of P-Ca-K homeostasis”
Claim · model-written summary
Al-Mg interaction shows phosphate-dependent antagonism in tea roots.
Verbatim
e0“The tea plant ( Camellia sinensis ) is predominantly cultivated in acidic soils”
e5“Al-Mg interaction displayed P-dependent antagonism within the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Four transporters were functionally confirmed to transport phosphate in yeast.
Verbatim
e0“The tea plant ( Camellia sinensis ) is predominantly cultivated in acidic soils”
e6“Four key transporters, CsPHT1–9, CsPHO1, CsPHO1; H1–1, and CsPHO1; H1–2, were functionally characterized through yeast heterologous expression, confirming their roles in P transport”
Claim · model-written summary
Transcriptome sequencing yielded 3522 annotated differentially expressed genes.
Verbatim
e0“The tea plant ( Camellia sinensis ) is predominantly cultivated in acidic soils”
e7“A total of 3522 annotated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained by transcriptome sequencing”
Claim · model-written summary
Aluminium exposure under high phosphate coordinates direct transcriptional and ionic-balance mechanisms that maintain elemental homeostasis.
Verbatim
e0“The tea plant ( Camellia sinensis ) is predominantly cultivated in acidic soils”
e1“Al exposure in high-P conditions coordinated dual regulatory mechanisms”
e2“collectively maintaining elemental homeostasis in tea plants”
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