Abstract
) using completely randomized design (CRD). After 20 d of nZnS supplementation, growth and biochemical responses were recorded. The study highlights the critical issue of Cd stress in maize and investigates how nZnS influences plant tolerance mechanisms. We explored the novelty of application of RZ and FS of nZnS, focusing on its role in Cd/Zn homeostasis, growth and stress resilience. The RZ supplementation with nZnS recovered growth and enhanced maize protein and phenolic content under Cd stress. Exogenous application of nZnS improved chlorophyll under Cd stress. Whereas, exposure to Cd stress markedly reduced Zn in shoots (0.0015 mg/g DW; -99.1%) compared to the control (0.186 mg/g DW). The nZnS application enhanced Zn fraction in shoots (2.03 mg/g DW by RZ; and 1.46 mg/g DW by FS), especially in Cd-stressed plants (2.68 mg/g DW by RZ; and 2.36 mg/g DW) by FS. Exposure to Cd stress resulted in an increased shoot Cd fraction (0.376 mg/g DW), which was further increased by root zone nZnS supply (0.673 mg/g DW; +44.0% compared to Cd-stressed plants. Foliar application of nZnS also enhanced the Cd concentration in the shoots (0.579 mg/g DW; +35.0% compared to the Cd-stressed plants). Although the Cd fraction was synergistically increased due to nZnS supply which can be explained based on Cd/Zn homeostasis reinforced by sulfur (S) supply. In conclusion, the use of nZnS alleviated Cd stress in maize, suggesting that it is an effective strategy for improving Cd tolerance in crops like maize.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Root-zone nZnS supplementation recovered growth of maize under Cd stress.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cadmium toxicity in maize”
e1“The RZ supplementation with nZnS recovered growth and enhanced maize protein and phenolic content under Cd stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Root-zone nZnS supplementation enhanced protein and phenolic content of maize under Cd stress.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cadmium toxicity in maize”
e1“The RZ supplementation with nZnS recovered growth and enhanced maize protein and phenolic content under Cd stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous nZnS improved chlorophyll under Cd stress.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cadmium toxicity in maize”
e2“Exogenous application of nZnS improved chlorophyll under Cd stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd stress markedly reduced Zn in maize shoots compared with the control.
- Treatment
- Cd stresse3
- Outcome
- Zn in shootse3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- 0.0015 mg/g DW; -99.1%e3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cadmium toxicity in maize”
e3“exposure to Cd stress markedly reduced Zn in shoots (0.0015 mg/g DW; -99.1%) compared to the control (0.186 mg/g DW)”
Claim · model-written summary
Root-zone nZnS enhanced the shoot Zn fraction of maize.
- Treatment
- nZnS applicatione4
- Outcome
- Zn fraction in shootse4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Value
- 2.03 mg/g DWe4
- Qualifier
- by RZe4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cadmium toxicity in maize”
e4“The nZnS application enhanced Zn fraction in shoots (2.03 mg/g DW by RZ; and 1.46 mg/g DW by FS)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nZnS enhanced the shoot Zn fraction of maize.
- Treatment
- nZnS applicatione4
- Outcome
- Zn fraction in shootse4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Value
- 1.46 mg/g DWe4
- Qualifier
- by FSe4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cadmium toxicity in maize”
e4“The nZnS application enhanced Zn fraction in shoots (2.03 mg/g DW by RZ; and 1.46 mg/g DW by FS)”
Claim · model-written summary
In Cd-stressed maize, root-zone nZnS raised the shoot Zn fraction to 2.68 mg/g DW.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cadmium toxicity in maize”
e4“The nZnS application enhanced Zn fraction in shoots (2.03 mg/g DW by RZ; and 1.46 mg/g DW by FS)”
e5“especially in Cd-stressed plants (2.68 mg/g DW by RZ; and 2.36 mg/g DW) by FS”
Claim · model-written summary
In Cd-stressed maize, foliar nZnS raised the shoot Zn fraction to 2.36 mg/g DW.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cadmium toxicity in maize”
e4“The nZnS application enhanced Zn fraction in shoots (2.03 mg/g DW by RZ; and 1.46 mg/g DW by FS)”
e5“especially in Cd-stressed plants (2.68 mg/g DW by RZ; and 2.36 mg/g DW) by FS”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd stress increased the shoot Cd fraction of maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cadmium toxicity in maize”
e6“Exposure to Cd stress resulted in an increased shoot Cd fraction (0.376 mg/g DW)”
Claim · model-written summary
Root-zone nZnS further increased the shoot Cd fraction compared with Cd-stressed plants.
- Treatment
- root zone nZnS supplye7
- Outcome
- shoot Cd fractione6
- Direction
- further increasede7
- Value
- 0.673 mg/g DW; +44.0%e7
- Comparator
- Cd-stressed plantse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cadmium toxicity in maize”
e6“Exposure to Cd stress resulted in an increased shoot Cd fraction (0.376 mg/g DW)”
e7“which was further increased by root zone nZnS supply (0.673 mg/g DW; +44.0% compared to Cd-stressed plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar nZnS enhanced the shoot Cd concentration compared with Cd-stressed plants.
- Treatment
- Foliar application of nZnSe1
- Outcome
- Cd concentration in the shootse1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- 0.579 mg/g DW; +35.0%e1
- Comparator
- Cd-stressed plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cadmium toxicity in maize”
e1“Foliar application of nZnS also enhanced the Cd concentration in the shoots (0.579 mg/g DW; +35.0% compared to the Cd-stressed plants)”
Claim · model-written summary
The synergistic increase in Cd fraction under nZnS supply is explained by Cd/Zn homeostasis reinforced by sulfur supply.
- Treatment
- nZnS supplye1
- Outcome
- Cd fractione1
- Qualifier
- Cd/Zn homeostasis reinforced by sulfur (S) supplye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cadmium toxicity in maize”
e1“Although the Cd fraction was synergistically increased due to nZnS supply which can be explained based on Cd/Zn homeostasis reinforced by sulfur (S) supply”
Claim · model-written summary
The use of nZnS is an effective strategy for improving Cd tolerance in maize.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cadmium toxicity in maize”
e1“the use of nZnS alleviated Cd stress in maize, suggesting that it is an effective strategy for improving Cd tolerance in crops like maize”
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See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.