Abstract
BACKGROUND: Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) is an important medicinal plant rich in a wide range of phenolic compounds variety of high antioxidant values. To enhance the production of phenolic compounds in cell suspension cultures, this study examines the impact of activated charcoal (AC) and subculture rates on biomass accumulation and phenolic content. RESULTS: Indicate that culture medium with or without activated charcoal (AC) and subculture rates have a significant effect on the synthesis of phenolic compounds and the accumulation of biomass. The culture medium without AC showed a substantial increase in the synthesis of phenolic compounds without loss of biomass accumulation. Specifically, the intracellular phenolic content in somatic embryos increased more than threefold, while the extracellular phenolic content in the spent liquid medium rose more than fivefold. Additionally, when subcultured every three weeks, the intracellular phenolic content was fivefold higher and the extracellular phenolic content approximately sixfold higher than when subcultured once a week. The combination of subcultures with and without activated charcoal significantly enhanced the production of phenolic compounds and biomass accumulation. Subculturing every week with charcoal for three weeks, followed by two weeks without charcoal, and then three additional weeks without charcoal, resulted in increased biomass accumulation during the first four weeks and also significantly increased accumulation of intracellular phenolic content by sevenfold and extracellular phenolic content by ninefold in the last 3 weeks of the suspension cultures period. CONCLUSIONS: This study establishes a reliable protocol for the large-scale production of phenolic compounds from date palm, which serve as raw materials for various pharmaceutical and food industries.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Charcoal and subculture rate significantly affected synthesis of phenolic compounds.
- Taxon
- Date palm
Phoenix dactyliferat0 - Treatment
- activated charcoal (AC) and subculture ratese0
- Outcome
- synthesis of phenolic compoundse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“culture medium with or without activated charcoal (AC) and subculture rates have a significant effect on the synthesis of phenolic compounds and the accumulation of biomass.”
t0“date palm cell suspension cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
Charcoal and subculture rate significantly affected accumulation of biomass.
- Taxon
- Date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- activated charcoal (AC) and subculture ratese0
- Outcome
- accumulation of biomasse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“culture medium with or without activated charcoal (AC) and subculture rates have a significant effect on the synthesis of phenolic compounds and the accumulation of biomass.”
t0“date palm cell suspension cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium without charcoal increased phenolic synthesis.
- Taxon
- Date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- without ACe0
- Outcome
- synthesis of phenolic compoundse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The culture medium without AC showed a substantial increase in the synthesis of phenolic compounds without loss of biomass accumulation.”
t0“date palm cell suspension cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium without charcoal retained biomass accumulation.
- Taxon
- Date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- without ACe0
- Outcome
- biomass accumulatione0
- Direction
- without losse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The culture medium without AC showed a substantial increase in the synthesis of phenolic compounds without loss of biomass accumulation.”
t0“date palm cell suspension cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
Intracellular phenolics in somatic embryos rose more than threefold.
- Taxon
- Date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Organ / stage
- somatic embryose0
- Outcome
- intracellular phenolic contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- more than threefolde0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the intracellular phenolic content in somatic embryos increased more than threefold, while the extracellular phenolic content in the spent liquid medium rose more than fivefold.”
t0“date palm cell suspension cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
Extracellular phenolics in spent medium rose more than fivefold.
- Taxon
- Date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Outcome
- extracellular phenolic contente0
- Direction
- rosee0
- Value
- more than fivefolde0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the intracellular phenolic content in somatic embryos increased more than threefold, while the extracellular phenolic content in the spent liquid medium rose more than fivefold.”
t0“date palm cell suspension cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
Three-week subculture gave fivefold higher intracellular phenolics than weekly subculture.
- Taxon
- Date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- subcultured every three weekse0
- Outcome
- intracellular phenolic contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- fivefolde0
- Comparator
- subcultured once a weeke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“when subcultured every three weeks, the intracellular phenolic content was fivefold higher and the extracellular phenolic content approximately sixfold higher than when subcultured once a week.”
t0“date palm cell suspension cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
Three-week subculture gave approximately sixfold higher extracellular phenolics than weekly subculture.
- Taxon
- Date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- subcultured every three weekse0
- Outcome
- extracellular phenolic contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- approximately sixfolde0
- Comparator
- subcultured once a weeke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“when subcultured every three weeks, the intracellular phenolic content was fivefold higher and the extracellular phenolic content approximately sixfold higher than when subcultured once a week.”
t0“date palm cell suspension cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
Combining subcultures with and without charcoal enhanced phenolic production and biomass.
- Taxon
- Date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- combination of subcultures with and without activated charcoale0
- Outcome
- production of phenolic compounds and biomass accumulatione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combination of subcultures with and without activated charcoal significantly enhanced the production of phenolic compounds and biomass accumulation.”
t0“date palm cell suspension cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
The staged charcoal protocol increased biomass accumulation.
- Taxon
- Date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- Subculturing every week with charcoal for three weeks, followed by two weeks without charcoal, and then three additional weeks without charcoale0
- Outcome
- biomass accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- during the first four weekse0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Subculturing every week with charcoal for three weeks, followed by two weeks without charcoal, and then three additional weeks without charcoal, resulted in increased biomass accumulation during the first four weeks and also significantly increased accumulation of intracellular phenolic content by sevenfold and extracellular phenolic content by ninefold in the last 3 weeks of the suspension cultures period.”
t0“date palm cell suspension cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
The staged charcoal protocol increased intracellular phenolic content by sevenfold.
- Taxon
- Date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- Subculturing every week with charcoal for three weeks, followed by two weeks without charcoal, and then three additional weeks without charcoale0
- Outcome
- intracellular phenolic contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- sevenfolde0
- Qualifier
- last 3 weekse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Subculturing every week with charcoal for three weeks, followed by two weeks without charcoal, and then three additional weeks without charcoal, resulted in increased biomass accumulation during the first four weeks and also significantly increased accumulation of intracellular phenolic content by sevenfold and extracellular phenolic content by ninefold in the last 3 weeks of the suspension cultures period.”
t0“date palm cell suspension cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
The staged charcoal protocol increased extracellular phenolic content by ninefold.
- Taxon
- Date palmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- Subculturing every week with charcoal for three weeks, followed by two weeks without charcoal, and then three additional weeks without charcoale0
- Outcome
- extracellular phenolic contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- ninefolde0
- Qualifier
- last 3 weekse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Subculturing every week with charcoal for three weeks, followed by two weeks without charcoal, and then three additional weeks without charcoal, resulted in increased biomass accumulation during the first four weeks and also significantly increased accumulation of intracellular phenolic content by sevenfold and extracellular phenolic content by ninefold in the last 3 weeks of the suspension cultures period.”
t0“date palm cell suspension cultures”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors present a protocol for large-scale phenolic production from date palm.
- Taxon
- date palmPhoenix dactyliferae0
- Outcome
- large-scale production of phenolic compoundse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study establishes a reliable protocol for the large-scale production of phenolic compounds from date palm”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.