Abstract
This study investigated the effects of foliar and fertigation-based calcium nitrate applications on growth, flower quality, and postharvest physiology of two Rosa hybrida cultivars (‘Samurai’ and ‘Jumilia’) grown in a soilless system. Treatments included a control (10% of the recommended Ca level), foliar spraying, and fertigation, arranged in a factorial design with four replications. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran. Results revealed that root morphological characteristics such as length and volume were maximized in the ‘Jumilia’ cultivar when calcium nitrate was supplied via fertigation. Conversely, foliar spraying with calcium nitrate markedly improved shoot and floral characteristics. Compared to the control, foliar calcium nitrate increased flower diameter by 15.4%, enhanced hip length by 14.25 cm, and increased hip diameter in the ‘Samurai’ cultivar by 18.76%. Moreover, foliar application of calcium nitrate extended the vase life of cut roses to about 10 days by preserving higher relative fresh weight. Antioxidant enzyme activities were also enhanced under foliar treatment in the ‘Samurai’ cultivar, with superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) increasing by 53.84%, 75.71%, and 97.28%, respectively. Additionally, foliar-sprayed ‘Samurai’ plants showed nearly double calcium accumulation in leaves and petals. Interestingly, in the ‘Jumilia’ cultivar, foliar application reduced leaf zinc content by 68.87%, while simultaneously enhancing leaf magnesium concentration by 64.16%. Overall, foliar supplementation with calcium nitrate proved to be a practical strategy for improving flower quality, enhancing antioxidant defense, and prolonging vase life of roses in soilless culture.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Fertigation with calcium nitrate maximized root length and volume in the Jumilia cultivar.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida
Rosa hybrid cultivare1 - Material
- Jumiliae0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- calcium nitrate was supplied via fertigatione0
- Outcome
- root morphological characteristicse0
- Direction
- maximizede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Results revealed that root morphological characteristics such as length and volume were maximized in the ‘Jumilia’ cultivar when calcium nitrate was supplied via fertigation”
e1“This study investigated the effects of foliar and fertigation-based calcium nitrate applications on growth, flower quality, and postharvest physiology of two Rosa hybrida cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar spraying with calcium nitrate markedly improved shoot and floral characteristics relative to fertigation.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybridaRosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- foliar spraying with calcium nitratee0
- Outcome
- shoot and floral characteristicse0
- Direction
- markedly improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Conversely, foliar spraying with calcium nitrate markedly improved shoot and floral characteristics.”
e1“This study investigated the effects of foliar and fertigation-based calcium nitrate applications on growth, flower quality, and postharvest physiology of two Rosa hybrida cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Compared to the control, foliar calcium nitrate increased flower diameter by 15.4%.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybridaRosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- foliar calcium nitratee0
- Outcome
- flower diametere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 15.4%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the control, foliar calcium nitrate increased flower diameter by 15.4%”
e1“This study investigated the effects of foliar and fertigation-based calcium nitrate applications on growth, flower quality, and postharvest physiology of two Rosa hybrida cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Compared to the control, foliar calcium nitrate enhanced hip length by 14.25 cm.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybridaRosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- foliar calcium nitratee0
- Outcome
- hip lengthe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Value
- 14.25 cme0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the control, foliar calcium nitrate increased flower diameter by 15.4%, enhanced hip length by 14.25 cm”
e1“This study investigated the effects of foliar and fertigation-based calcium nitrate applications on growth, flower quality, and postharvest physiology of two Rosa hybrida cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar calcium nitrate increased hip diameter in the Samurai cultivar by 18.76% compared to the control.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybridaRosa hybrid cultivare1
- Material
- Samuraie0
- Treatment
- foliar calcium nitratee0
- Outcome
- hip diametere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 18.76%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to the control, foliar calcium nitrate increased flower diameter by 15.4%, enhanced hip length by 14.25 cm, and increased hip diameter in the ‘Samurai’ cultivar by 18.76%”
e1“This study investigated the effects of foliar and fertigation-based calcium nitrate applications on growth, flower quality, and postharvest physiology of two Rosa hybrida cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of calcium nitrate extended the vase life of cut roses to about 10 days by preserving higher relative fresh weight.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybridaRosa hybrid cultivare1
- Treatment
- foliar application of calcium nitratee0
- Outcome
- vase life of cut rosese0
- Direction
- extendede0
- Value
- about 10 dayse0
- Qualifier
- by preserving higher relative fresh weighte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar application of calcium nitrate extended the vase life of cut roses to about 10 days by preserving higher relative fresh weight”
e1“This study investigated the effects of foliar and fertigation-based calcium nitrate applications on growth, flower quality, and postharvest physiology of two Rosa hybrida cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar treatment increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the Samurai cultivar by 53.84%.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybridaRosa hybrid cultivare1
- Material
- Samuraie0
- Treatment
- foliar treatmente0
- Outcome
- superoxide dismutase (SOD)e0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 53.84%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Antioxidant enzyme activities were also enhanced under foliar treatment in the ‘Samurai’ cultivar, with superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) increasing by 53.84%, 75.71%, and 97.28%, respectively”
e1“This study investigated the effects of foliar and fertigation-based calcium nitrate applications on growth, flower quality, and postharvest physiology of two Rosa hybrida cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar treatment increased catalase (CAT) activity in the Samurai cultivar by 75.71%.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybridaRosa hybrid cultivare1
- Material
- Samuraie0
- Treatment
- foliar treatmente0
- Outcome
- catalase (CAT)e0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 75.71%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Antioxidant enzyme activities were also enhanced under foliar treatment in the ‘Samurai’ cultivar, with superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) increasing by 53.84%, 75.71%, and 97.28%, respectively”
e1“This study investigated the effects of foliar and fertigation-based calcium nitrate applications on growth, flower quality, and postharvest physiology of two Rosa hybrida cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar treatment increased peroxidase (POD) activity in the Samurai cultivar by 97.28%.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybridaRosa hybrid cultivare1
- Material
- Samuraie0
- Treatment
- foliar treatmente0
- Outcome
- peroxidase (POD)e0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 97.28%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Antioxidant enzyme activities were also enhanced under foliar treatment in the ‘Samurai’ cultivar, with superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) increasing by 53.84%, 75.71%, and 97.28%, respectively”
e1“This study investigated the effects of foliar and fertigation-based calcium nitrate applications on growth, flower quality, and postharvest physiology of two Rosa hybrida cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar-sprayed Samurai plants showed nearly double calcium accumulation in leaves and petals.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybridaRosa hybrid cultivare1
- Material
- Samuraie0
- Organ / stage
- leaves and petalse0
- Treatment
- foliar-sprayede0
- Outcome
- calcium accumulatione0
- Direction
- nearly doublee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar-sprayed ‘Samurai’ plants showed nearly double calcium accumulation in leaves and petals”
e1“This study investigated the effects of foliar and fertigation-based calcium nitrate applications on growth, flower quality, and postharvest physiology of two Rosa hybrida cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
In the Jumilia cultivar, foliar application reduced leaf zinc content by 68.87%.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybridaRosa hybrid cultivare1
- Material
- Jumiliae0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Treatment
- foliar applicatione0
- Outcome
- leaf zinc contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 68.87%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interestingly, in the ‘Jumilia’ cultivar, foliar application reduced leaf zinc content by 68.87%, while simultaneously enhancing leaf magnesium concentration by 64.16%”
e1“This study investigated the effects of foliar and fertigation-based calcium nitrate applications on growth, flower quality, and postharvest physiology of two Rosa hybrida cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
In the Jumilia cultivar, foliar application enhanced leaf magnesium concentration by 64.16%.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybridaRosa hybrid cultivare1
- Material
- Jumiliae0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Treatment
- foliar applicatione0
- Outcome
- leaf magnesium concentratione0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Value
- 64.16%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interestingly, in the ‘Jumilia’ cultivar, foliar application reduced leaf zinc content by 68.87%, while simultaneously enhancing leaf magnesium concentration by 64.16%”
e1“This study investigated the effects of foliar and fertigation-based calcium nitrate applications on growth, flower quality, and postharvest physiology of two Rosa hybrida cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar supplementation with calcium nitrate is presented as a practical strategy for improving rose flower quality, antioxidant defense and vase life in soilless culture.
Verbatim
e0“foliar supplementation with calcium nitrate proved to be a practical strategy for improving flower quality, enhancing antioxidant defense, and prolonging vase life of roses in soilless culture”
The same questions in other papers
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2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →application · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Rosa hybrid cultivarResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.