Abstract
Flavonols are an important secondary metabolite in grape, which play a crucial role in plant growth and development, human health, and wine making. Ethylene and its inhibitor 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) are widely used in grape berry production. However, the regulation mechanism of flavonol biosynthesis by ethylene and 1-MCP remains elusive in yellow-green grape varieties. Here, the content of flavonols in ‘Chardonnay’ grape berry skin after ethylene treatment was significantly higher than the control, while 1-MCP treatment was lower than the control. The phenylpropanoid biosynthesis-related genes and a transcription factor VvERF003 were screened for possible involvement in ethylene-mediated flavonol biosynthesis by transcriptome sequencing. The role of VvERF003 was further proved to promote flavonol accumulation in the transient overexpression of grape fruits and leaves, and the upregulation of genes related to flavonol biosynthesis. Furthermore, VvERF003 promoted flavonol biosynthesis by directly binding to and activating the promoters of VvCHI1 and VvFLS1, and positively regulated their expression. These results indicated that VvERF003 was induced by ethylene and promoted the accumulation of flavonols in ‘Chardonnay’ grape berry skin by positively regulating the flavonol biosynthesis genes VvCHI1 and VvFLS1.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene treatment significantly increased flavonol content in Chardonnay grape berry skin compared with the control.
Verbatim
e0“Flavonols are an important secondary metabolite in grape”
e1“Here, the content of flavonols in ‘Chardonnay’ grape berry skin after ethylene treatment was significantly higher than the control”
Claim · model-written summary
1-MCP treatment decreased flavonol content in Chardonnay grape berry skin compared with the control.
Verbatim
e0“Flavonols are an important secondary metabolite in grape”
e1“Here, the content of flavonols in ‘Chardonnay’ grape berry skin after ethylene treatment was significantly higher than the control”
e2“while 1-MCP treatment was lower than the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient overexpression of VvERF003 promoted flavonol accumulation in grape fruits and leaves.
- Taxon
- grapee0
- Organ / stage
- fruits and leavese3
- Treatment
- transient overexpressione3
- Gene
- VvERF003e3
- Outcome
- flavonol accumulatione3
- Direction
- promotee3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Flavonols are an important secondary metabolite in grape”
e3“The role of VvERF003 was further proved to promote flavonol accumulation in the transient overexpression of grape fruits and leaves, and the upregulation of genes related to flavonol biosynthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient overexpression of VvERF003 upregulated genes related to flavonol biosynthesis in grape fruits and leaves.
- Taxon
- grapee0
- Organ / stage
- fruits and leavese3
- Treatment
- transient overexpressione3
- Outcome
- genes related to flavonol biosynthesise3
- Direction
- upregulatione3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Flavonols are an important secondary metabolite in grape”
e3“The role of VvERF003 was further proved to promote flavonol accumulation in the transient overexpression of grape fruits and leaves, and the upregulation of genes related to flavonol biosynthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
VvERF003 promoted flavonol biosynthesis by directly binding to and activating the promoters of VvCHI1 and VvFLS1.
Verbatim
e0“Flavonols are an important secondary metabolite in grape”
e4“VvERF003 promoted flavonol biosynthesis by directly binding to and activating the promoters of VvCHI1 and VvFLS1, and positively regulated their expression”
Claim · model-written summary
VvERF003 positively regulated the expression of VvCHI1 and VvFLS1.
Verbatim
e0“Flavonols are an important secondary metabolite in grape”
e4“VvERF003 promoted flavonol biosynthesis by directly binding to and activating the promoters of VvCHI1 and VvFLS1, and positively regulated their expression”
Claim · model-written summary
VvERF003 was induced by ethylene and promoted flavonol accumulation.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Flavonols are an important secondary metabolite in grape”
e5“These results indicated that VvERF003 was induced by ethylene and promoted the accumulation of flavonols”