Abstract
The effects of nitrogen (N) application rates and N topdressing at different leaf growth stages on the yield, N absorption, and utilization of japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108 were studied to screen the optimal N management mode for high yield and high N use efficiency. A field experiment was conducted from 2023 to 2024, with nine N regulation treatments (94–351 kg ha−1) established through dynamic allocation of basal, tillering, and topdressing fertilizers. The results showed that with the increase of N application rate, the yield and N use efficiency of Nanjing 9108 first increased and then decreased. At a total N application rate of 270 kg ha−1, the N6 treatment (basal N + tiller N + topdressing at the 13th leaf stage) demonstrated optimal overall performance, achieving the highest yield and N use efficiency. Topdressing at the 13th leaf stage (coinciding with young panicle differentiation) promoted spikelet differentiation and large panicle formation, increasing grains per panicle by 2.36–2.20% compared to other treatments under the same N rate. The N6 treatment exhibited enhanced N uptake and utilization: N accumulation increased by 39.27–67.12% during the elongating to heading stage and by 7.14–62.24% during heading to maturity, while N apparent efficiency and agronomic efficiency rose by 3.51–14.68% and 29.22–58.25%, respectively. At heading, the proportion of high-effective leaf area in N6 was 1.52–7.05% higher than in N4, N5, and N7 treatments, accompanied by a slower leaf area decay rate. These traits provided sustained photosynthetic support for dry matter accumulation in mid-to-late growth stages. Consequently, dry matter accumulation in N6 increased by 5.85–33.44% (elongating to heading) and 0.42–26.98% (heading to maturity), leading to a yield advantage of 3.8–17.2% over other treatments. In summary, the N management strategy combining basal, tiller, and 13th-leaf topdressing at 270 kg ha−1 is most effective for achieving both high yield and high N efficiency in Nanjing 9108.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Yield first increased and then decreased as nitrogen rate increased.
- Taxon
- japonica rice
_by_Augustus_Binu.jpg?width=60)
Oryza sativa Japonica Groupe0 - Material
- Nanjing 9108e0
- Treatment
- N application ratee1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- first increased and then decreasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_by_Augustus_Binu.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108”
e1“with the increase of N application rate, the yield and N use efficiency of Nanjing 9108 first increased and then decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen use efficiency first increased and then decreased as nitrogen rate increased.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupe0
- Material
- Nanjing 9108e0
- Treatment
- N application ratee1
- Outcome
- N use efficiencye1
- Direction
- first increased and then decreasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108”
e1“with the increase of N application rate, the yield and N use efficiency of Nanjing 9108 first increased and then decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
N6 at 270 kg ha−1 gave the highest yield.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupe0
- Material
- Nanjing 9108e0
- Treatment
- N6 treatment (basal N + tiller N + topdressing at the 13th leaf stage)e1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Qualifier
- 270 kg ha−1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108”
e1“At a total N application rate of 270 kg ha−1, the N6 treatment (basal N + tiller N + topdressing at the 13th leaf stage) demonstrated optimal overall performance, achieving the highest yield and N use efficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
N6 at 270 kg ha−1 gave the highest nitrogen use efficiency.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupe0
- Material
- Nanjing 9108e0
- Treatment
- N6 treatment (basal N + tiller N + topdressing at the 13th leaf stage)e1
- Outcome
- N use efficiencye1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Qualifier
- 270 kg ha−1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108”
e1“At a total N application rate of 270 kg ha−1, the N6 treatment (basal N + tiller N + topdressing at the 13th leaf stage) demonstrated optimal overall performance, achieving the highest yield and N use efficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirteenth-leaf topdressing promoted spikelet differentiation and large panicle formation.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupe0
- Treatment
- Topdressing at the 13th leaf stagee1
- Outcome
- spikelet differentiation and large panicle formatione1
- Direction
- promotede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108”
e1“Topdressing at the 13th leaf stage (coinciding with young panicle differentiation) promoted spikelet differentiation and large panicle formation”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirteenth-leaf topdressing increased grains per panicle by 2.36–2.20% versus other treatments at the same nitrogen rate.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupe0
- Treatment
- Topdressing at the 13th leaf stagee2
- Outcome
- grains per paniclee1
- Direction
- increasinge1
- Value
- 2.36–2.20%e1
- Qualifier
- under the same N ratee1
- Comparator
- other treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108”
e1“increasing grains per panicle by 2.36–2.20% compared to other treatments under the same N rate”
e2“Topdressing at the 13th leaf stage”
Claim · model-written summary
N6 increased nitrogen accumulation by 39.27–67.12% from elongating to heading.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupe0
- Organ / stage
- elongating to heading stagee1
- Treatment
- N6 treatmente1
- Outcome
- N accumulatione1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 39.27–67.12%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108”
e1“The N6 treatment exhibited enhanced N uptake and utilization: N accumulation increased by 39.27–67.12% during the elongating to heading stage”
Claim · model-written summary
N6 increased nitrogen accumulation by 7.14–62.24% from heading to maturity.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupe0
- Organ / stage
- heading to maturitye1
- Treatment
- N6 treatmente1
- Outcome
- N accumulatione1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 7.14–62.24%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108”
e1“The N6 treatment exhibited enhanced N uptake and utilization: N accumulation increased by 39.27–67.12% during the elongating to heading stage and by 7.14–62.24% during heading to maturity”
Claim · model-written summary
N6 increased nitrogen apparent efficiency by 3.51–14.68%.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupe0
- Treatment
- N6 treatmente2
- Outcome
- N apparent efficiencye1
- Direction
- rosee1
- Value
- 3.51–14.68%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108”
e1“N apparent efficiency and agronomic efficiency rose by 3.51–14.68% and 29.22–58.25%, respectively”
e2“The N6 treatment exhibited enhanced N uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
N6 increased agronomic efficiency by 29.22–58.25%.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupe0
- Treatment
- N6 treatmente2
- Outcome
- agronomic efficiencye1
- Direction
- rosee1
- Value
- 29.22–58.25%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108”
e1“N apparent efficiency and agronomic efficiency rose by 3.51–14.68% and 29.22–58.25%, respectively”
e2“The N6 treatment exhibited enhanced N uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
At heading, N6 high-effective leaf area proportion exceeded N4, N5 and N7 by 1.52–7.05%.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupe0
- Organ / stage
- headinge1
- Treatment
- N6e1
- Outcome
- proportion of high-effective leaf areae1
- Direction
- highere1
- Value
- 1.52–7.05%e1
- Comparator
- N4, N5, and N7 treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108”
e1“At heading, the proportion of high-effective leaf area in N6 was 1.52–7.05% higher than in N4, N5, and N7 treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
N6 had a slower leaf area decay rate.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupe0
- Treatment
- N6e1
- Outcome
- leaf area decay ratee1
- Direction
- slowere1
- Comparator
- N4, N5, and N7 treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108”
e1“in N6 was 1.52–7.05% higher than in N4, N5, and N7 treatments, accompanied by a slower leaf area decay rate”
Claim · model-written summary
N6 increased dry matter accumulation by 5.85–33.44% from elongating to heading.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupe0
- Organ / stage
- elongating to headinge1
- Treatment
- N6e1
- Outcome
- dry matter accumulatione1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 5.85–33.44%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108”
e1“dry matter accumulation in N6 increased by 5.85–33.44% (elongating to heading)”
Claim · model-written summary
N6 increased dry matter accumulation by 0.42–26.98% from heading to maturity.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupe0
- Organ / stage
- heading to maturitye1
- Treatment
- N6e1
- Outcome
- dry matter accumulatione1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 0.42–26.98%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108”
e1“dry matter accumulation in N6 increased by 5.85–33.44% (elongating to heading) and 0.42–26.98% (heading to maturity)”
Claim · model-written summary
N6 had a 3.8–17.2% yield advantage over other treatments.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupe0
- Treatment
- N6e2
- Outcome
- yield advantagee1
- Direction
- advantagee1
- Value
- 3.8–17.2%e1
- Comparator
- other treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108”
e1“a yield advantage of 3.8–17.2% over other treatments”
e2“dry matter accumulation in N6 increased”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend basal, tiller and 13th-leaf topdressing at 270 kg ha−1 for high yield and nitrogen efficiency.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupe0
- Treatment
- basal, tiller, and 13th-leaf topdressing at 270 kg ha−1e1
- Outcome
- high yield and high N efficiencye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“japonica rice cultivar Nanjing 9108”
e1“the N management strategy combining basal, tiller, and 13th-leaf topdressing at 270 kg ha−1 is most effective for achieving both high yield and high N efficiency”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · nutrient: efficiency · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
23 papers more in this group
See all 27 papers →fertilization · nutrient: efficiency · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
201 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction · 6 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
216 papers more in this group
See all 220 papers →tillage · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
586 papers in the same direction as this paper · 115 in the opposite direction · 27 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
725 papers more in this group
See all 729 papers →fertilization · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
3,182 papers in the same direction as this paper · 207 in the opposite direction · 65 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- positive
3,451 papers more in this group
See all 3,455 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.