fertilization · Nutrient: efficiency · Oryza sativa (rice)

Positive and negative results220 papers: 202 positive, 18 negative or no effect

301 claims from these papers; 75 citations between them.

Papers here report positive and negative or no-effect results. No pair of them has been accepted in the claim-by-claim check.

How these papers cite each other

75 citations between these papers: 65 on the same side, 10 across the two sides.

The graph shows the 57 papers with the most citations among these 220; all of them are listed below.

Positive result
Negative result or no effect
Citation, pointing to the cited paper
Citation across the two sides
Larger circle: more citations overall

Years run left to right. Citations come from the papers’ OpenAlex reference lists. Hover a paper to bring forward its citations; click it to open the paper.

Papers reporting a positive result 202

Nitrogen use efficiency and rice yield as influenced by the application of prilled urea and urea super granule with or without organic manure
- positive
  T5 had the highest N recovery and NUE among treatments.
  compared with treatments
Effects of NPK Briquette on Rice (Oryza sativa) in Tidal Flooded Ecosystem · 1970
- positive
  NPK briquettes showed higher agronomic efficiency than PU and USG in rice.
  compared with PU and USG
cited by 1 paper here
Greenhouse Evaluation of Nitrogen Fertilizers for Rice · 1979
- positive
  Controlled release increased fertilizer efficiency in rice.
Radio Tracer Studies on P Use Efficiency in a Rice Based Cropping System · 1990
- positive
  Green manuring and rock phosphate in the first crop followed by superphosphate and long stubble incorporation in the second gave fairly good P use efficiency.
Efficiency of P Fertilizers for Rice-Pulse Cropping System in the Laterite Soils of Coastal Karnataka · 1993
- positive
  Fertilizer use efficiency was highest for MRPF plus green manure.
15N balance studies in a rice - green gram - rice cropping system · 1998
- positive
  Combined green manure and urea raised nitrogen use efficiency up to 80 kg N ha−1.
{sup 15}N balance studies in a rice-green gram-rice cropping system · 1998
- positive
  Combined green manure and urea increased nitrogen use efficiency up to 80 kg N per hectare.
Yield of no-tillage direct-seeded lowland rice as influenced by different sources and application methods of fertilizer nitrogen · 2000
- positive
  Controlled-release fertilizers had greater agronomic efficiency than ammonium sulfate.
  compared with ammonium sulfate
Nitrogen Losses and Physiological Efficiency of Rice Influenced by Nitrogen Sources under Saline Soil Condition · 2000
- positive
  Mixture fertilization at lower dose improved N use efficiency of rice under salt stress as much as the high dose.
  compared with high dose
Relative performance of soil: FYM conditioned and neem based product coated urea on grain yield and N-use efficiency of transplanted rice in vertisols · 2000
- positive
  The same treatment gave maximum N-use efficiency of 30.21 kg grain/kg N.
  compared with prilled urea (PU)
Interaction of nitrogen and sulfur fertilizers on the yield of rapeseed and rice · 2000
- positive
  Sulfur fertilizers increased nitrogen utilization efficiency.
Integrated management of green leaf, compost, crop-residues and inorganic fertilizers in rice (Oryza sativa)-rice system · 2001
- positive
  Organics combined with inorganic fertilizers were superior to sole chemical fertilization in agronomic efficiency.
  compared with sole chemical fertilization
Use of Controlled Release Fertilizer for Increasing N Efficiency of Direct Seeding Rice · 2001
- positive
  LP fertilizer agronomic efficiency in late rice was 100%～164.1% higher than conventional urea.
  compared with conventional urea
- positive
  LP fertilizer agronomic efficiency in early rice was 13.6%～86.4% higher than conventional urea.
  compared with conventional urea
Effect of integrated nitrogen management techniques on productivity, nitrogen uptake, N-use efficiency, economics and energetics of rice (Oryza sativa)-Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) sequence · 2001
- positive
  Blended RDN and FYM increased N uptake and N-use efficiency for rice and Indian mustard.
Nitrogen management in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa) in mid hill acidic soils of Sikkim Himalayas · 2001
- positive
  Combined FYM and urea increased agronomic efficiency by 5.4 to 14.8%.
Performance of Site‐Specific Nutrient Management for Irrigated Rice in Southeast China · 2001
- positive
  Improved timing and splitting of fertilizer N raised N recovery efficiency from 0.18 to 0.29 kg kg −1 with SSNM.
  compared with FFP plots
- positive
  Agronomic N use efficiency was 80% greater with SSNM than with FFP.
  compared with FFP
cited by 2 papers here
Effect of integrated nutrient supply and management on yield of rice (Oryza sativa) and nitrogen and phosphorus recovery by it in acid lateritic solis · 2001
- positive
  Fertilizer after S. aculeata incorporation produced higher agronomic P efficiency.
- positive
  Fertilized and incorporated S. aculeata maximized rice P uptake and N agronomic efficiency.
Use of Controlled Release Fertilizer for Increasing N Efficiency of Direct Seeding Rice · 2001
- positive
  LP fertilizer agronomic efficiency was 13.6%～ 86.4% higher than urea in early rice.
  compared with conventional urea
- positive
  LP fertilizer agronomic efficiency was 100%～164.1% higher than urea in late rice.
  compared with conventional urea
Irrigation and nitrogen application schedules for hybrid 'ADTRH I' rice (Oryza sativa) in Tamil Nadu · 2001
- positive
  Higher agronomic efficiency was recorded with irrigation on the day ponded water disappeared together with 4 splits of N plus green manure.
Application Methods of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Its Effect on Rice · 2002
- positive
  Applying part of N at middle growth stage raised N use efficiency relative to all basal N.
  compared with all N applied as basal fertilizer
Optimal Nitrogen Application for Direct-Seeding Early Rice · 2002
- positive
  SSNM improved N use efficiency substantially compared with the farmer fertilizer practice.
  compared with farmer's fertilizer practice (FFP)
Efficiency of Nutrient Utilization of Controlled-release Nitrogen Fertilizer for Rice at Different Soil Fertility Levels · 2003
- positive
  One time controlled release fertilizer application had higher physiological and agronomic efficiency.
Experiment in use of amino acid compound fertilizer for rice cultivation · 2003
- positive
  Amino acid chelate compound fertilizer had better fertilizer efficiency than other fertilizers.
  compared with common compound fertilizer and the other fertilizers
Organics in the improvement of nutrient use efficiencies in white ponni · 2003
- positive
  Agronomic efficiency of N and K was higher with green manuring and half rates.
[Minimum application rates for high-yielding rice production system in the Taihu Lake region as a field measure for controlling N and P agricultural loading]. · 2003
- positive
  Fertilizer efficiency at 240 kg/hm2 was three times that at 300 kg/hm2.
  compared with fertilization (N + P) rate of 300 kg/hm2kg N and P
Irrigation and nitrogen application schedules for hybrid ‘ADTRH V rice (Oryza sativa) in Tamil Nadu · 2004
- positive
  Irrigation on the day of ponded water disappearance with 4 splits of N and green manure gave higher agronomic efficiency in rice.
Effect of Organic Manure Applied Combining with Inorganic Fertilizer on Nitrogen Conformation and Yield of Rice in Red Soil Paddy Field · 2004
- positive
  Organic manure combined with inorganic fertilizer increased nitrogen use efficiency
Effect of different fertilization patterns on rice yield and nitrogen uptake and transformation in soil · 2004
- positive
  The fertilization pattern had higher nitrogen utilization efficiency.
Nitrogen release and dynamic fo controlled relase fertilizer studied with rice · 2004
- positive
  Controlled release fertilizer raised N utilization efficiency by 20.0-22.7% compared with the special rice fertilizer applied as basal.
  compared with special rice fertilizer
- positive
  Controlled release fertilizer significantly increased fertilizer N utilization efficiency.
- positive
  Controlled release fertilizer raised N utilization efficiency by 12.2-13.5% compared with the special rice fertilizer applied in splits.
  compared with special rice fertilizer
Yield Response to Urea and Controlled-Release Urea as Affected by Water Supply in Tropical Upland Rice · 2005
- positive
  Controlled-release urea improved apparent nitrogen recovery more than split urea, especially with high water supply.
  compared with split urea
cited by 2 papers here
EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT METHODS OF POTASSIUM FERTILIZER APPLICATION ON PADDY YIELD, K UPTAKE AND AGRONOMIC EFFICIENCY · 2005
- positive
  Fertigation at 25 OAT maximized K recovery and agronomic efficiency.
REHABILITATION OF PROBLEM SOILS THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY TECHNOLOGIES: ROLE OF SESBANIA AND PHOSPHORUS · 2005
- positive
  Green manuring increased agronomic efficiency and P recovery.
  compared with no green manuring
Modeling of response functions and calibration of NPK based on soil fertility for lowland rice grown in Typic Haplustalf · 2005
- positive
  Fertilizer P efficiency increased to 264%.
- positive
  Fertilizer N efficiency increased to 91%.
- positive
  Fertilizer K efficiency increased to 163%.
Enhancing Productivity of Rice-Wheat System Through Integrated Crop Management in the Eastern-Gangetic Plains of South Asia · 2006
- positive
  Rice N-use efficiency increased up to 50% with SSNM over farmers’ practice.
  compared with FP
Effect of Integrated Use of Inorganic, Biological and Organic Manures on Rice Productivity and Soil Fertility in Ultisols of Mizoram · 2006
- positive
  Organics with inorganic fertilizers increased nutrient use efficiency and apparent nutrient recovery.
cited by 1 paper here
Effects of PVA-Coated Slow Released Fertilizer Application on Upland Rice · 2006
- positive
  PGg improved nitrogen use efficiency by 7.5% over uncoated treatment.
  compared with CK(uncoated treatment)
Effect of Urea Combined with Compound Nitrogen Fertilizer Synergists on Nitrogen Utilization of Rice · 2006
- positive
  Urea plus synergists increased Ndff%, labeled nitrogen uptake, total nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency.
EFFICACY OF COMPOSTED RICE STRAW IN INTEGRATION WITH UREA IN RICE PRODUCTION AND THEIR RESIDUAL EFFECT ON SOIL ORGANIC MATTER · 2006
- positive
  Combining composted straw with nitrogen improved agronomic efficiency.
Performance of site-specific nitrogen management for irrigated transplanted rice in northwestern India · 2007
- positive
  Applying N below LCC shade 4 increased nitrogen use efficiency to 48 – 65 kg grain kg N−1.
Performance of Site‐Specific Nutrient Management for Irrigated, Transplanted Rice in Northwest India · 2007
- positive
  SSNM increased agronomic N use efficiency by 83% versus FFP.
  compared with FFP
- positive
  Improved fertilizer N timing or splitting raised N recovery efficiency from 0.20 to 0.30 kg kg −1.
  compared with FFP
cites 1 paper here
Effects of nitrogenous fertilizer management on yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency in late-season rice(Oryza sativa L.) · 2007
- positive
  The same nitrogen management was best for nitrogen utilization efficiency.
Favorable Effect of Nitrogen Before Transplanting on Nitrogen Distribution and Utilization Efficiency in Rice Rhizosphere Soil · 2007
- positive
  Basal-tillering nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency reached 27.17% under proper nitrogen fertilizer before transplantation.
Experiment of Deep Fertilizing Technique in Rice · 2007
- positive
  Deep fertilization raised fertilizer utilization efficiency by 25%.
Influence of nitrogen and weed management on the productivity of upland rice · 2008
- positive
  Controlled-release urea gave the highest agronomic N use efficiency, 15–20 kg grain per kg N applied.
- positive
  Controlled-release urea gave the highest apparent N recovery, 39%–45%.
cites 1 paper here
Rice Uptake and Recovery of Nitrogen with Different Methods of Applying ¹⁵N-Labeled Chicken Manure and Ammonium Sulfate · 2008
- positive
  Basal dressing increased nitrogen use efficiency.
System productivity and nitrogen use efficiency in rice-wheat cropping system as influenced by integrated nutrient management · 2008
- positive
  One quarter Karanj leaf nitrogen substitution in rice followed by 75% fertilizer in wheat maximized nitrogen use efficiency.
- positive
  The same fertilizer sequence maximized apparent nitrogen recovery at 59.90%.
Study on Precise and Quantitative N Application Technique in Rice · 2008
- positive
  Nitrogen utilization efficiency was higher under 2:5:3.
  compared with other treatments
Experiment of New Type Rice-Specific Compound Fertilizers · 2008
- positive
  The new compound fertilizer increased fertilizer utilization efficiency in rice.
Study On Nitrogen Management Technique under Different High Yield Cultivation Models for Double-Season Late Rice · 2008
- positive
  With rice seedlings, 42.97% basal fertilizer maximized nitrogen utilization efficiency.
Effects of different long term fertilizing systems on fertilizer use efficiency in red paddy soil · 2008
- positive
  Fertilizer use efficiency (ARE, AUE and PUE) of JF and NPK was greater than that of other fertilizing systems.
  compared with other fertilizing systems
Effect of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer on reducing nitrogen runoff loss and increasing nitrogen recovery efficiency of rice plant · 2008
- positive
  The 70% CRNF treatment raised nitrogen utilization efficiency relative to urea.
  compared with urea treatment
Plant Growth, Seed Yield and Apparent Nutrient Recovery of Rice by the Application of Manure and Fertilizer as Different Nitrogen Sources in Paddy Soils · 2009
- positive
  Apparent nitrogen recovery was higher with poultry manure than cow manure.
  compared with CM
Benefit of Deep Fertilization in Rice · 2009
- positive
  Deep fertilization increased nitrogen utilization efficiency by 10.02% compared with surface fertilization.
  compared with surface fertilization
Performance of Site-Specific Nutrient Management in a Rice-Wheat Cropping System · 2009
- positive
  Improved nitrogen timing or splitting increased rice N recovery efficiency from 0.20 to 0.30 kg/kg.
  compared with FFP plots
- positive
  Agronomic N use efficiency was 63 to 83% greater under SSNM than FFP.
  compared with FFP
FERTILIZER MANAGEMENT FOR IMPROVING LOWLAND SAWAH PRODUCTIVITY IN INDONESIA: INTEGRATED PLANT NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 1 · 2010
- positive
  Site specific fertilizer recommendations based on soil tests increased fertilizer use efficiency on Java Island.
Yield and N-use efficiency in rice-wheat system with different soil moisture regimes and fertilizer management. · 2010
- positive
  When part of N was provided through FYM, the increase in AE of N in rice was 25%.
Effects of Application of Ecological Fertilizer Combined with Chemical Fertilizer on Rice Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency · 2010
- positive
  NSCF significantly raised agronomic nitrogen use efficiency in both rice varieties compared with control.
  compared with control
- positive
  NSCF significantly raised fertilizer nitrogen recovery efficiency in both rice varieties compared with control.
  compared with control
Effects of organic fertilizers on yield and quality of rice grains and nitrogen use efficiency · 2010
- positive
  The 20% decomposed pig manure fertilizer gave the highest nitrogen use efficiency, 32.64%, 2.66% above pure chemical fertilizer.
  compared with pure chemical fertilizer
Effects of Organic Manure Application Combined with Chemical Fertilizers on Rice Nutrient Uptake and Distribution and Nitrogen Use Efficiency · 2010
- positive
  Combining organic fertilizer increased nitrogen use efficiency by 10%.
- positive
  Compound organic fertilizer significantly increased nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen harvest index.
Effect of brown manuring on grain yield and nutrient use efficiency in dry direct seeded kharif rice (Oryza sativa L.) · 2011
- positive
  The integrated practice gave the highest nitrogen use efficiency in both years.
Effects of Organic-Manure Application on Growth, Grain Yield, and Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Recoveries of Rice Variety Manawthuka in Paddy Soils of Differing Fertility · 2011
- positive
  Apparent nitrogen recovery of rice was greater with poultry manure than with cow manure.
  compared with CM
Nitrogen Availability from Poultry Litter and Pelletized Organic Amendments for Organic Rice Production · 2011
- positive
  Pelletized fertilizers gave higher N recovery efficiency, 35 versus 20%.
  compared with poultry litter
Rice field drainage affects nitrogen dynamics and management · 2011
- positive
  Subsurface incorporation of fertilizer nitrogen increased nitrogen use efficiency.
Effects of Different Long-Term Fertilization Regimes on Crop Productivity and Stress Resistance of the Double Rice Cropping System in the Hilly Area South to the Yangtze River · 2011
- positive
  NPK plus organic manure increased nitrogen use efficiency more than NPK.
  compared with Treatment NPK
- positive
  NPK significantly increased nitrogen use efficiency.
Effect of Organic Compound Fertilizer of Monosodium Glutamate on Yield,Quality and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Rice · 2011
- positive
  Nitrogen utilization efficiency increased by 7.1-9.9 percentage points with monosodium glutamate fertilizer.
- positive
  Potassium utilization efficiency increased by 6.1-22.7 percentage points with monosodium glutamate fertilizer.
Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Use Level on Yield Component and Grain Yield in Yuanyang Terrace · 2011
- positive
  Nitrogen utilization efficiency rose with nitrogen inputs in Chu 26.
- negative
  Nitrogen uptake efficiency declined with increasing nitrogen input.
- negative
  Nitrogen utilization efficiency declined with increasing nitrogen input in Yuelianggu.
Effects of N Application at Later Stage on Absorbability of Rice Root in Cold Area · 2011
- positive
  35% panicle fertilizer increased N recovery efficiency by 20%-43%.
  compared with 15% panicle fertilizer treatment
- positive
  35% panicle fertilizer increased agronomic efficiency by 37.5%-38.5%.
  compared with 15% panicle fertilizer treatment
Effects of long-term green manure application on rice yield and soil nutrients in paddy soil · 2011
- positive
  Agronomic efficiency of manure application was 118.9% higher than that of chemical fertilizer NPK.
  compared with chemical fertilizer NPK
Efficiency of Slow Sustained-released Fertilizer in Rice · 2011
- positive
  Slow sustained-release fertilizer improved rice fertilizer efficiency relative to traditional fertilizer supply.
  compared with traditional fertilizer supply
Effect of Combined Application of Organic Manure and Chemical Fertilizers on N Use Efficiency in Paddy Fields and the Environmental Effects in Hang Jiahu Area · 2011
- positive
  Nitrogen use efficiency with combined 150 kg/hm2 nitrogen and organic manure was 4.8% higher than with chemical fertilizers only.
  compared with chemical fertilizers only
- negative
  Combining 210 kg/hm2 nitrogen with 3 000 kg/hm2 organic manure decreased rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency.
[Effects of applying nitrogen fertilizer and fertilizer additive on rice yield and rice plant nitrogen uptake, translocation, and utilization]. · 2011
- positive
  Fertilizer additive further increased nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency.
Preliminary Report on the Application of Formula Fertilizer by Soil Testing on Rice · 2011
- positive
  Formula fertilizer efficiency lasted longer than that of the reference fertilizer.
  compared with ammonium bicarbonate plus superphosphate
Effects of fertilization measures of nitrogen (N) on grain yield, grain quality and N-use efficiency of midseason rice in Hubei Province. · 2011
- positive
  Nitrogen agronomic efficiency and partial factor productivity of modified FFP and modified SHY were higher than FFP at Chibi.
  compared with FFP
- positive
  Modified FFP and modified SHY achieved higher NUE.
- positive
  A 20% reduction of nitrogen relative to FFP could increase grain yield as well as NUE.
Nitrogen fertilizer reduction in rice production for two consecutive years in the Taihu Lake area · 2011
- positive
  Reducing nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased rice nitrogen use efficiency.
Controlled Release Urea Improved Nitrogen Use Efficiency, Activities of Leaf Enzymes, and Rice Yield · 2012
- positive
  At the same nitrogen rate in 2008, apparent nitrogen use efficiency with CRU at 300 kg N ha −1 was 22.9% higher than with conventional urea.
  compared with conventional urea treatment
- positive
  At the same nitrogen rate in 2007, apparent nitrogen use efficiency with CRU at 300 kg N ha −1 was 27.6% higher than with conventional urea.
  compared with conventional urea treatment
cited by 14 papers here
Foliar Spray of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Raised Bed Increases Yield of Transplanted Aman Rice over Conventional Method · 2012
- positive
  Agronomic efficiency of foliar nitrogen application in bed planting was higher than the conventional method.
  compared with conventional method
ENRICHMENT OF BASMATI RICE GRAIN AND STRAW WITH ZINC AND NITROGEN THROUGH FERTI-FORTIFICATION AND SUMMER GREEN MANURING UNDER INDO-GANGETIC PLAINS OF INDIA · 2012
- positive
  Mungbean green manure and zinc oxide slurry gave significantly higher zinc agronomic efficiency.
Effects of Different Ratios of Base to Topdressing for Nitrogen Fertilizer on Rice Yield and Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization of Rice · 2012
- positive
  Raising the proportion of tillering or panicle fertilizer, or balancing base-tiller-panicle-granular fertilizer, improved N agronomic efficiency, physiological efficiency and dependency rate in rice.
[Mechanisms for the increased fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency of rice in wheat-rice rotation system under combined application of inorganic and organic fertilizers]. · 2012
- positive
  Combined fertilization significantly increased the fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency of rice.
Effect of Different Applied Nitrogen Methods on Rice Yield and Nitrogen Utilized Efficiency in Albic Soil · 2012
- positive
  The optimized nitrogen method increased agronomic efficiency by 5.1 kg grain per kg nitrogen.
  compared with one-time applied nitrogen fertilizer
Effects of Water and Nitrogen Fertilizer Managements on Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization in Rice · 2012
- positive
  Controlled irrigation with SSNM improved water and fertilizer use efficiency.
Effect of Optimized Fertilization on Grain Yield of Rice and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Paddy Fields with Different Basic Soil Fertilities · 2012
- positive
  MFP raised N recovery, agronomic efficiency and partial factor productivity over FFP.
  compared with FFP
Research of formulated fertilization effect on rice yield and the utilization of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium · 2012
- positive
  Fertilizer use efficiency for K2O increased 16.84%.
- positive
  Fertilizer use efficiency for N increased 10.19%.
- positive
  Fertilizer use efficiency for P2O5 increased 3.30%.
An Effect of Fertilizer Management Practices on the Yield of T. Aman Rice under Tidal Ecosystem · 2013
- positive
  NPK briquettes showed higher agronomic efficiency than prilled urea and urea super granule in T. aman rice.
  compared with Prilled urea(PU) and Urea super granule(USG)
- positive
  NPK briquette gave the highest nitrogen use efficiency in T. aman rice.
  compared with control
CONTROLLED-RELEASE UREA FOR RICE PRODUCTION AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS · 2013
- positive
  The CRU treatment at 125 kg N ha−1 increased total N uptake and total apparent N uptake efficiency relative to urea at 187.5 kg N ha−1.
  compared with urea treatment (187.50 kg N ha−1)
cited by 2 papers here
Evaluation of various sources of organic manures on nitrogen use efficiency in rice-rice cropping system · 2013
- positive
  Partial factor productivity, agronomic efficiency and recovery efficiency of applied nitrogen were high in rice receiving FYM + neem cake at 90 kg N ha-1.
Effect of nitrogen source and water management on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency · 2013
- positive
  Water stress before the third top dress performed better than continuous standing water for grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of rice with prilled urea.
  compared with continuous standing water
Effects of site-specific nitrogen management on morphology and physiology of roots and yield of rice · 2013
- positive
  SSNM increased N agronomic efficiency by 56%-77% compared with FFP.
  compared with FFP
Effects of Different Fertilization Methods on Yield and Fertilizer Use Efficiency of Medium Rice · 2013
- positive
  Formula fertilization yielded 39.59% K fertilizer use efficiency, up 0.87 percentage points.
- positive
  Formula fertilization yielded 18.77% P fertilizer use efficiency, up 1.12 percentage points.
- positive
  Formula fertilization yielded 34.85% N fertilizer use efficiency, up 4.71 percentage points.
Effects of different combined applications of pig manure compost and inorganic fertilizers on rice yield and nutrients accumulation · 2013
- positive
  Combined PMC and CF improved rice nitrogen use efficiency relative to CF, except for PMC2.
  compared with CF treatment
Effects of sulfur-and polymer-coated controlled release urea on yield,photosynthetic characteristics and nitrogen fertilizer efficiency of rice · 2013
- positive
  Controlled-release urea increased nitrogen agronomic efficiency by 5.4-18.2 kg / kg.
  compared with conventional urea(U)
- positive
  Those coated urea treatments increased nitrogen agronomic efficiency by 3.3-13.0 kg / kg.
- positive
  Polymer-coated urea gave higher nitrogen fertilizer efficiency than sulfur-coated urea.
  compared with sulfur-coated controlled release urea
cited by 1 paper here
Effect of Enhanced Panicle Fertilization on Nitrogen Use Efficiency Traits of Rice (Oryza Sativa) with Different Planting Patterns · 2014
- positive
  High panicle nitrogen fertilization improved agronomic efficiency in direct seeded rice.
- no effect
  High panicle nitrogen fertilization had little effect on agronomic efficiency in transplanted rice.
INM through LCC on Nutrient Uptake, Available Nitrogen, Grain and Straw Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Rice · 2014
- positive
  Nitrogen use efficiency was 49.0 percent and higher under that treatment.
Effects of Different Novel Functional Urea on the Yield and Efficiency of Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization of Hybrid Rice · 2014
- positive
  CRU increased rice agronomic efficiency by 56.08%.
Effects of Controlled Release Fertilizer on Rice Yield,Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency under Water-saving Irrigation · 2014
- positive
  Coupled management increased nitrogen use efficiency by 47.73%.
- positive
  Coupled management increased water use efficiency by 45.31%.
- positive
  Controlled-release fertilizer raised nitrogen use efficiency by 37.65%.
Study on Potassium Strategy to Maintain Crop High Yield and Potassium Balance in Cropland Under Rice-wheat Rotation Systems · 2014
- positive
  Potassium fertilizer efficiency of rice was enhanced with increasing potassium fertilizer, except at the highest rate.
Effects of Nitrogen Amount and Transplanting Density on the Yield and N Use Rate of Hybrid Rice Under Hilly Area of Southern Henan Province · 2014
- positive
  Increasing plant density and reducing fertilizer significantly increased nitrogen recovery efficiency.
Effects of controlled-release urea on yield, nutrient uptaking and nitrogen use efficiency of rice · 2014
- positive
  Controlled-release urea increased nitrogen use efficiency by 17.1%-34.1% against common urea.
  compared with common urea
Phosphorus loss and migration characteristics in paddy fields under different fertilization treatments · 2014
- positive
  CT and MT had higher phosphorus fertilizer use efficiencies than OT.
  compared with OT
Crop Management for Increasing Rice Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Northeast China · 2015
- positive
  ONM and OCM enhanced agronomic N efficiency by an average 120% against FCM.
  compared with FCM treatment
cited by 1 paper here
Influence of drip fertigation on nutrient uptake and nutrient use efficiency of aerobic paddy · 2015
- positive
  The 150% CPE and 75% RDF treatment had nonsignificantly higher N, P and K use efficiency.
Rice Yield, Nitrogen Use Efficiency(NUE) and Nitrogen Leaching Losses as Affected by Long-term Combined Applications of Manure and Chemical Fertilizers in Yellow River Irrigated Region of Ningxia, China · 2015
- positive
  Nitrogen use efficiency was 5.2 percentage points higher under a lower nitrogen treatment.
  compared with conven-tional chemical nitrogen
- positive
  Nitrogen use efficiency was 1.9 percentage points higher under a lower nitrogen treatment.
  compared with conven-tional chemical nitrogen
Urea Super Granule and NPK Briquette on Growth and Yield of Different Varieties of Aus Rice in Tidal Ecosystem · 2015
- positive
  NPK briquettes showed higher agronomic efficiency than prilled urea and urea super granule.
  compared with Prilled Urea (PU) and Urea Super Granule (USG)
cites 1 paper here
Effects of Combined Application of Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer and Chinese Milk Vetch on Yield and Nitrogen Nutrient Uptake of Early Rice · 2015
- positive
  Combined fertilizer and milk vetch improved nitrogen use efficiency with reduced fertilizer.
Design and Evaluation for Rice Prescriptions Fertilizer in Quanjiao County of Anhui Povince · 2015
- positive
  Prescription fertilizer increased PUE by 52.6%.
  compared with farmers practice
- positive
  Prescription fertilizer increased NUE by 11.7%.
  compared with farmers practice
Organic Fertilizer Efficacy and Financial Viability in Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Production · 2015
- positive
  Inorganic fertilizer improved AEN of NSIC Rc9 compared with Inipot-ibon.
  compared with Inipot-ibon
Effect of deep placement of nitrogen fertilizers on rice yield and N use efficiency under water regimes · 2016
- positive
  NPK briquettes application gave higher N uptake and use efficiency under AWD than CF.
  compared with CF condition
cited by 1 paper here
Application of Controlled-Release Urea in Rice: Reducing Environmental Risk While Increasing Grain Yield and Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency · 2016
- positive
  CRU treatments significantly increased nitrogen use efficiency in rice compared with the conventional urea (Nt) treatment.
  compared with the Nt treatment
cited by 3 papers here
Regular Nitrogen Application Increases Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency and Grain Yield in Indica Hybrid Rice · 2016
- positive
  RFA improved nitrogen utilization efficiency relative to farmer practice.
  compared with farmers’ nitrogen fertilizer practices (FFP)
cites 1 paper here
Optimizing nitrogen management strategy under wheat straw incorporation for higher rice production and nitrogen use efficiency · 2016
- positive
  MNP markedly increased nitrogen agronomic efficiency relative to FNP.
  compared with FNP
- positive
  MNP markedly increased nitrogen recovery efficiency relative to FNP.
  compared with FNP
Influence of organic and inorganic nitrogen on the growth and yield of irrigated rice · 2017
- positive
  N with poultry manure could enhance growth, yield, and agronomic efficiency.
Influence of composted organic waste and urea fertilization on rice yield, N-use efficiency and soil chemical characteristics · 2017
- positive
  Compost or urea N fertilization increased rice N uptake and N use efficiency compared with the control.
  compared with control
Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Upland Rice in the Humid Tropics of Southwest Ethiopia in Response to Split Nitrogen Application · 2017
- positive
  Nitrogen uptake efficiency of upland rice was greatest with split N application top dressed at the active tillering stage.
Effect of Different Levels of Potassium and Green Manure on Available K, Uptake of K and Potassium Use Efficiency of Rice (Oryza Sativa. L) · 2017
- positive
  K fertilizer application and green manure incorporation significantly increased rice potassium uptake, available K and potassium use efficiency.
Effect of Nutrient Management Approaches and Major Nutrients on Dry Direct Seeded Rice (dry- DSR) in TBP Command Area · 2018
- positive
  SSNM produced higher phosphorus use efficiency of 49.98%.
Effect of deep placement of N fertilizers on nitrogen use efficiency and yield of BRRI dhan29 under flooded condition · 2018
- positive
  Deep placement of USG and NPK briquettes enhanced the recovery of applied N and N use efficiency compared with broadcast prilled urea.
  compared with broadcast application of PU
Application of Controlled-Release Urea Enhances Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Irrigated Rice in the Yangtze River Basin, China · 2018
- positive
  CRU had significantly higher N recovery efficiency than MFP and FFP.
  compared with MFP and FFP treatments
- positive
  CRU had significantly higher N agronomic efficiency than MFP and FFP.
  compared with MFP and FFP treatments
cites 2 papers herecited by 4 papers here
Improving yield and nitrogen use efficiency through alternative fertilization options for rice in China: A meta-analysis · 2018
- positive
  Alternative fertilization increased rice agronomic efficiency (AEN) by 10.2–29.5% relative to conventional fertilization.
  compared with conventional fertilization
cited by 6 papers here
Suitable management options to improve the productivity of rice cultivars under salinity stress · 2018
- positive
  NPK-gypsum improved leaf-K/Na ratio, agronomic nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield relative to NPK under salinity stress.
  compared with NPK option
- positive
  NPK-Zn improved leaf-K/Na ratio, agronomic nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield relative to NPK under salinity stress.
  compared with NPK option
Evaluation on Impact of Use of Urea Briquettes in Combination of Organics on Nutrient Use Efficiency in Irrigated Rice · 2018
- positive
  Urea plus FYM briquette application showed higher nitrogen use efficiency than the recommended dose of fertilizers.
  compared with recommended dose of fertilizers
cites 1 paper here
Effects of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on soil physicochemical properties, nitrogen use efficiency and upland rice (Oryza sativa) yield grown on an Alfisol in Southwestern Nigeria · 2019
- positive
  Biochar and nitrogen fertilizer together increased rice agronomic efficiency by 140% over two years.
Influence of integrated in-soil zinc application and organic fertilization on yield, nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency of rice · 2019
- positive
  Compost as organic fertilization gave the highest total nitrogen uptake, agronomic nitrogen efficiency and nitrogen recovery efficiency of rice.
- positive
  Combined 16 kg Zn ha-1 and 12 t compost ha-1 enhanced total nitrogen uptake and nitrogen recovery efficiency of rice under saline soil conditions.
Study of nitrogen use efficiency and yield of rice influenced by deep placement of nitrogen fertilizers · 2019
- positive
  Deep placement of NPK briquettes improved N use efficiency versus broadcast prilled urea.
  compared with broadcast application of prilled urea
cites 1 paper herecited by 1 paper here
Long-Term Mineral Fertilization Improved the Grain Yield and Phosphorus Use Efficiency by Changing Soil P Fractions in Ferralic Cambisol · 2019
- positive
  P use efficiency indices were higher under HNPK than under LNPK.
  compared with LNPK
Long term effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on nutrient use efficiencies and nutrient balance in rice: Rice cropping system · 2019
- positive
  Agronomic efficiency and nutrient use efficiency were greater under 50% NPK.
- positive
  Agronomic efficiency and nutrient use efficiency were greater under NPK+FYM.
Paecilomyces variotii Extracts and Controlled-Release Urea Synergistically Increased Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Rice Yield · 2020
- positive
  CRU with ZNC increased NUE 15.0–20.2%.
  compared with CRU only
cites 2 papers herecited by 1 paper here
Effects of Mixed Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer with Rice Straw Biochar on Rice Yield and Nitrogen Balance in Northeast China · 2020
- positive
  CRU raised rice NUE by 33.9% versus BU.
  compared with BU
- positive
  CRU raised rice NAE by 4.3 kg kg −1 versus BU.
  compared with BU
cited by 2 papers here
Impact of controlled-release urea on rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency and soil fertility in a single rice cropping system · 2020
- positive
  Controlled-release urea increased nitrogen agronomic efficiency at LC.
  compared with application of U
- positive
  Controlled-release urea increased nitrogen agronomic efficiency at XT.
cites 3 papers herecited by 5 papers here
On-farm Assessment of Balanced Crop Nutrition on Productivity and Nutrient Use Efficiency in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) – Horse Gram [Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc] Cropping System in South Konkan Coastal Zone of Maharashtra · 2020
- positive
  NPK plus zinc improved agronomic efficiency of nitrogen, partial factor productivity of nitrogen and relative response, compared with N, NP and NK alone.
  compared with N, NP and NK alone
P-dipping of rice seedlings increases applied P use efficiency in high P-fixing soils · 2020
- positive
  P dipping substantially improved applied phosphorus use efficiency even in highly P fixing soils.
Effect of controlled-release fertilizers on leaf characteristics, grain yield, and nitrogen use efficiency of machine-transplanted rice in southwest China · 2020
- positive
  Controlled-release fertilizers increased grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency.
cites 2 papers here
Amelioration of Salt Affected Soils and Improvement of Rice and Wheat Yields by Adding Compost and Foliar Spray of Zinc, Potassium and Compost Tea · 2020
- positive
  Compost and foliar treatments considerably increased rice N uptake, N use efficiency and N-recovery.
Roles of Nitrogen Deep Placement on Grain Yield, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Mechanical Pot-Seedling Transplanting Rice · 2020
- positive
  MAF enhanced nitrogen agronomic efficiency by 104.3%.
  compared with BF treatment
- positive
  MAF enhanced nitrogen recovery efficiency by 123.7%.
  compared with BF treatment
cited by 2 papers here
Response of basmati rice varieties to integrated nutrient management · 2020
- positive
  The same fertilizer plus manure nitrogen regimen had the highest nitrogen use efficiency.
cites 1 paper herecited by 1 paper here
Determination of Nutrient Accumulation Pattern of New Aromatic Rice (Oryza sativa L.) as Influenced by Different Applied Fertilizers and Plant Spacing · 2020
- positive
  Nutrient use efficiency was higher at the lower fertilizer level under wider plant density.
Effects of fertilizer micro-dosing in nursery on rice productivity in Madagascar · 2020
- positive
  Nursery NPK significantly increased agronomic nitrogen use efficiency of urea application.
Controlled-release N fertilizer to mitigate ammonia volatilization from double-cropping rice · 2021
- positive
  An 80% nitrogen rate as controlled-release fertilizer gave higher apparent nitrogen recovery efficiency (ANRE) than a 100% rate as conventional urea.
  compared with 100% of N rate from conventional urea
cites 1 paper herecited by 2 papers here
Optimizing Application of Biochar Amendment for Nitrogen use Efficiency in Upland Rice under Melaleuca cajuputi Stands · 2021
- positive
  Optimized biochar and urea application increased nitrogen use efficiency of upland rice by 19.07% over a single urea application.
  compared with a single application of UF by 300 kg ha-1
Effect of different doses of NPK fertilizer on rainfed shallow low land rice · 2021
- positive
  The 150% RDF dose increased nutrient recovery efficiency relative to RDF in rainfed shallow lowland rice.
  compared with RDF
Effects of Fertilization on Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Wheat and Rice with Straw Return · 2021
- positive
  Further nitrogen rate reduction increased rice nitrogen use efficiency.
- positive
  Mixed fertilizers raised rice nitrogen use efficiency, with a maximum increment of 37.4%.
  compared with 100% urea
cites 2 papers herecited by 2 papers here
Bio-Organic Fertilizer: A Green Technology to Reduce Synthetic N and P Fertilizer for Rice Production · 2021
- positive
  BoF (T 3) raised agronomic N use efficiency by 19–30% compared with T 2 in the research trials.
  compared with T 2 treatment
- positive
  BoF (T 3) raised agronomic P use efficiency by 22–25% compared with T 2 in the research trials.
  compared with T 2 treatment
- positive
  BoF (T 3) raised physiological N use efficiency by 8–18% compared with T 2 in the research trials.
  compared with T 2 treatment
cited by 1 paper here
Effect of enriched biochar based fertilizers on growth, yield and nitrogen use efficiency in direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa) · 2021
- positive
  The 100% RDF through EB-2+UEB-2 gave 30.70% more agronomic efficiency than conventional fertilizers.
  compared with conventional fertilizers
- positive
  The 100% RDF through EB-2+UEB-2 gave 29.50% more apparent nitrogen recovery than conventional fertilizers.
  compared with conventional fertilizers
1. Phosphorus adsorption, rice dry matter yield, and P use efficiency as influenced by phosphorus fertilizer rates in rainfed lowland soils in Togo · 2021
- positive
  P uptake and P use efficiency were significantly and positively influenced by the P fertilizer rates.
Highly active biostimulant Paecilomyces variotii extracts reduced controlled‐release urea application while maintaining rice yield · 2021
- positive
  CRU improved NUE over conventional urea at the same nitrogen level.
  compared with conventional urea
cites 3 papers here
Liming Optimizes Nitrogen Fertilization in a Maize-Upland Rice Rotation under No-Till Conditions · 2021
- positive
  Combining liming and nitrogen fertilization enhanced rice nitrogen use efficiency.
Water-Saving Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer Use Efficiency for Irrigated Rice in the Red River Delta, Vietnam · 2021
- positive
  W1N2 gave the highest total nitrogen uptake, agronomic nitrogen efficiency and uptake efficiency.
Effects of controlled release fertilizer ratio on yield formation and nitrogen absorption and utilization of late-maturing medium japonica rice under different mechanized cultivation methods · 2021
- positive
  The 40+100 fertilizer raised nitrogen agronomic efficiency by 24.6%-30.5% versus CK.
  compared with CK
- positive
  The 40+100 fertilizer raised nitrogen recovery efficiency by 10.0%-12.5% versus CK.
  compared with CK
cited by 1 paper here
Nitrogen Deep Placement Combined with Straw Mulch Cultivation Enhances Physiological Traits, Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Mechanical Pot-Seedling Transplanting Rice · 2022
- positive
  Deep N fertilization with straw return (MDS) enhanced N recovery efficiency by 141.45%–164.65% compared with MB.
  compared with MB treatment
- positive
  Deep N fertilization with straw return (MDS) enhanced N agronomic efficiency by 121.76%–134.19% compared with MB.
  compared with MB treatment
cites 1 paper here
Optimization of nitrogen fertilization improves rice quality by affecting the structure and physicochemical properties of starch at high yield levels · 2022
- positive
  ONF improved nitrogen use efficiency at higher yield levels.
Effect of Application of Gypsum and Farmyard Manure on Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Nitrogen Use Efficiency under Saline sodic soil at Amibara, Ethiopia · 2022
- positive
  Applying 20 t ha-1 FYM plus 75% gypsum requirement enhanced upland rice nutrient use efficiency.
Increase in yield and nitrogen use efficiency of double rice with long-term application of controlled-release urea · 2022
- positive
  CRU treatments increased apparent N recovery rate versus U.
  compared with conventional U treatment
cites 1 paper here
Combing mechanical side-deep fertilization and controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer to increase nitrogen use efficiency by reducing ammonia volatilization in a double rice cropping system · 2022
- positive
  Late-rice NUE increased to 39.7–62.3% from 21.3–28.4% under MRSF with CRF.
  compared with CFB treatment
- positive
  CFD enhanced or maintained rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency relative to CFB.
  compared with CFB treatment
- positive
  CRFB enhanced or maintained rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency relative to CFB.
  compared with CFB treatment
- positive
  Early-rice NUE increased to 48.4–61.2% from 32.1 to 36.2% under MRSF with CRF.
  compared with CFB treatment
cites 3 papers herecited by 4 papers here
Studies on Nutrient Uptake, Use Efficiency and Yield in Different Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Establishment Methods under Nutrient Management Practices · 2022
- positive
  100% RDIF produced significantly higher KUE of 149.16 kg kg-1.
- positive
  UAS (B) practices produced significantly higher PUE of 108.36 kg kg-1.
Amendment with controlled release urea increases leaf morpho‐physiological traits, grain yield and NUE in a double‐cropping rice system in southern China · 2022
- positive
  The combined urea treatment increased NUE in late rice by 25.3% against local practice.
  compared with local farming practice
- positive
  The combined urea treatment increased NUE in early rice by 24.4% against local practice.
  compared with local farming practice
- positive
  Controlled release urea significantly increased rice NUE.
cited by 1 paper here
Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer Management for Boro Rice Cultivation in a Single Boro Cropping Area · 2022
- positive
  PM × T4 gave maximum nutrient use efficiency.
  compared with CD × T1
Effect of vermicompost and fertilizer on uptake and efficiency of nutrients in pot culture rice · 2022
- positive
  Apparent nutrient use efficiency was more stable with 3.75 t/ ha vermicompost and 50% RDF, except for potassium.
Determining optimal nitrogen management to improve rice yield, quality and nitrogen use efficiency based on multi‐index decision analysis method · 2023
- positive
  OPT and OPTM increased agronomic NUE by 32.81-43.01% over FFP.
  compared with FFP treatment
cites 2 papers here
Effects of optimized nitrogen fertilizer management on the yield, nitrogen uptake, and ammonia volatilization of direct‐seeded rice · 2023
- positive
  Optimized N fertilizer management increased N fertilizer use efficiency in direct-seeded rice.
- negative
  Excessive basal N (N1) reduced N use efficiency by 160.6% compared with the N4 treatment.
  compared with N4 treatment
Environmentally friendly bioameliorant to increase soil fertility and rice (Oryza sativa) production · 2023
- positive
  The addition of P 3 (goat manure 10 tons/ha plus S. rostrata 2 tons/ha) was the most efficient bioameliorant, with nutrient uptake efficiency reaching 5.77%.
Agronomic response, physiological and bio-chemical composition of transplanted rice influenced by nutrient management practices · 2023
- positive
  Nitrogen use efficiency measures were high with dhaincha nitrogen and inorganic P and K.
The optimum economic nitrogen rate of blended controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer for rice in the Chanoyu watershed in the Yangtze River Delta, China · 2023
- positive
  Modeled five-year average rice NUE at maximum yield under blended CRN was 42.0%, 28.9% higher than conventional fertilizer.
  compared with conventional N fertilizer treatment
- positive
  Blended CRN increased rice NUE by 6.9-14.8% compared with conventional fertilizer at equal nitrogen rates.
  compared with conventional N fertilizer treatments
cites 1 paper herecited by 1 paper here
Effect of replacing synthetic nitrogen fertilizer with animal manure on grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency in China: a meta‐analysis · 2023
- positive
  Replacing synthetic N fertilizer with manure increased NUE by 6.3%−10.0%.
  compared with synthetic N fertilizer
cites 1 paper herecited by 1 paper here
Impacts of Silicon Foliar Spraying and Nitrogen Application Techniques on Quantitative and Qualitative Parameters of Rice at Different Planting Spaces · 2023
- positive
  Silicon treatment increased nitrogen use efficiency by 7.1%.
  compared with control plants
Gene Expression, Enzyme Activity, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Yield of Rice Affected by Controlled-Release Nitrogen · 2023
- positive
  Controlled-release urea improved the nitrogen use efficiencies of rice.
cites 1 paper here
Nutrient and Water use Efficiency, Nutrient Uptake and Rice Yield as Influenced by Fertigation Levels and Weed Management Practices · 2023
- positive
  Nutrient use efficiency was better with the lower drip fertigation level of 75% of the recommended N and K dose than with conventional soil application of fertilizers.
  compared with conventional soil application of fertilizers
Synthesis of biochar‐embedded slow‐release nitrogen fertilizers: Mesocosm and field scale evaluation for nitrogen use efficiency, growth and rice yield · 2023
- positive
  BSRNF-U100 increased rice nitrogen use efficiency to 12%.
Single-Time Mechanical Deep Placement Fertilization Using Bulk Blending Fertilizer on Machine-Transplanted Rice: Balanced Yield, Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency, and Economic Benefits · 2023
- positive
  Bulk blending fertilizer consistently gave superior nitrogen use efficiency and notable economic benefits regardless of application method.
- positive
  Deep placement fertilization, especially with sulfur-coated urea, greatly enhanced nitrogen use efficiency, rice yield and economic benefits compared with broadcast application.
  compared with broadcast application
cites 1 paper herecited by 3 papers here
One-time fertilization of controlled-release urea with compound fertilizer and rapeseed cake maintains rice grain yield and improves nitrogen use efficiency under reduced nitrogen conditions · 2023
- positive
  CRF+RC had significantly higher NUE than CK, irrespective of organic N.
  compared with CK
- no effect
  The CRF+ID treatment had N agronomic efficiency and N recovery efficiency comparable to CK.
  compared with CK
cites 1 paper here
Eco-friendly cellulose hydrogels as controlled release fertilizer for enhanced growth and yield of upland rice · 2023
- positive
  T4H CRF gave the highest nitrogen use efficiency at 52.6%.
- positive
  T4H CRF gave the highest nitrogen agronomic efficiency at 12.8 kg kg −1.
cites 4 papers here
Compost of peanuts residue and rice straw compost on soil Nitrogen forms and upland rice yield · 2023
- positive
  Peanut residue and rice straw compost increased NUE by 15.04% (C4) to 51.48% (C3)
Effect of different phosphorus sources on P-uptake and yield of rice in acidic soil: a study of phosphorus availability dynamics · 2024
- positive
  PUE and PRE were higher with compost plus PSB plus RP.
Enhancing nutrient use efficiencies for rainfed rice through fertilizer splitting · 2024
- positive
  Real-time fertilizer splitting was reported to optimize nitrogen use efficiency.
Blended controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer increases rice post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation, translocation and nitrogen-use efficiency · 2024
- positive
  Blended CRN increased NUE by 3.2-28.4%.
  compared with conventional N fertilizer
cites 4 papers here
Partial Substitution of Nitrogen Fertilizer with Biogas Slurry Increases Rice Yield and Fertilizer Utilization Efficiency, Enhancing Soil Fertility in the Chaohu Lake Basin · 2024
- positive
  Optimized fertilization improved fertilizer utilization efficiency.
  compared with CF treatment
Productivity, economic efficiency and agronomic efficiency of traditional rice varieties as influenced by EM compost and fertilizer nitrogen under Cauvery delta zone of Tamil Nadu, India · 2024
- positive
  75% RDN with EM compost gave agronomic efficiency of 25.58.
- positive
  75% RDN with EM compost gave apparent N recovery of 66.44.
- positive
  75% RDN with EM compost gave nitrogen use efficiency of 39.56.
Evaluating the effect of organic NPK granules on yield, nutrient uptake, post-harvest soil fertility and soil microbial population in rice (Oryza sativa L.) · 2024
- positive
  Combining conventional fertilizer and organic granules improved nitrogen use efficiency.
Biochar Increases Rice Yield in Soda Saline-Alkali Paddy Fields by Improving Saline-Alkali Stress and Phosphorus Use Efficiency · 2024
- positive
  NPK plus biochar increased phosphorus utilization efficiency over NK.
  compared with NK
Effect of Different Fertilizers and Approaches on Nutrient Use Efficiency and Economics of Aerobic Rice Under Rice-Cowpea Cropping Sequence in Ecological Conditions of Karnataka, India · 2024
- positive
  PFP-K was significantly higher, at 522.46, with 30% RDF with WSF at 8 DI.
- positive
  PFP-P was significantly higher, at 522.46, with 30% RDF with WSF at 8 DI.
- positive
  PFP-N was significantly higher, at 261.23, with 30% RDF with WSF at 8 DI.
Optimized application of controlled-release nitrogen improves grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency, and lodging resistance in rice · 2024
- positive
  Combined controlled-release nitrogen management improved nitrogen use efficiency by 4.89–5.69% versus conventional urea.
  compared with T2
cites 1 paper here
Co‐Benefits of Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency Gains Through Combined Use of Controlled‐Release Urea and Conventional Urea in Rice · 2025
- positive
  Combined urea increased nitrogen use efficiency by 16.5% versus conventional urea.
  compared with conventional urea
cites 1 paper here
Increasing rice yield with low ammonia volatilization by combined application of controlled-release blended fertilizer and densification · 2025
- positive
  CRBF and CRFDP significantly increased rice N use efficiency by 11.6%-30.5% and 90.2%-160.0%.
cites 4 papers here
Efficient fertilization pattern for rice production within the rice-wheat systems · 2025
- positive
  All CRBF treatments enhanced rice nitrogen use efficiency by 27.6–60.8% compared with BCF.
  compared with BCF
cites 3 papers here
Improving Nutrient Use Efficiency of Rice Under Alternative Wetting and Drying Irrigation Combined with Slow-Release Nitrogen Fertilization · 2025
- positive
  Nitrogen uptake efficiency was highest under SRF plus AWD.
- positive
  NUE was highest under SRF plus AWD.
Side-deep banding liquid fertilizer during transplanting for indica rice crops promoted root system development to enhance grain yield and improve nitrogen use efficiency · 2025
- positive
  Side-deep liquid fertilizer significantly improved nitrogen use efficiency relative to solid fertilizer methods.
  compared with D-SF and B-SF
cites 2 papers herecited by 1 paper here
Water and Nutrient Management Techniques in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Production · 2025
- positive
  Inorganic fertilizers enhanced phosphorus use efficiency in rice.
- positive
  Organic fertilizers increased nitrogen use efficiency in rice.
Nitrogen use efficiency in high soil-plant nitrogen pool: Fertilizer management optimization via the DNDC model in rice fields · 2025
- positive
  Combining GM with SCN at 50–100 kg N ha −1 significantly enhanced NUE under elevated SPNP.
Impacts of split application of organic fertilizer on nitrogen uptake and use efficiency in direct-seeded rice · 2025
- positive
  Twice-applied VC was as effective as CF100 in enhancing nitrogen use efficiency of direct-seeded rice in lateritic soil.
  compared with CF100
Effect of gamma irradiation on silica-enriched biochar and biofertilizer on the productivity of rice grown on degraded Latosol soil · 2025
- positive
  F1 biochar silica with full NPK enhanced nutrient uptake efficiency.
Optimizing fertilizer recommendations for rainfed rice grown in coarse-texture soil of South Odisha · 2025
- positive
  At 150% RDF, K agronomic efficiency was 47.2 kg/kg.
- positive
  At 150% RDF, N agronomic efficiency was 23.6.
- positive
  At 150% RDF, P agronomic efficiency was 47.2.
Nature variations of OsNLP4 responsible for nitrogen use efficiency divergence in the two rice subspecies · 2025
- positive
  Combining OsNLP4indica with balanced nitrogen-iron fertilization raised NUE by 30–32%.
Slow-release fertilizers mitigate brackish water stress in rice: Boosting yield and nitrogen use efficiency in saline soils · 2025
- positive
  SCRFs mitigated brackish irrigation effects on ANUE.
  compared with brackish water irrigation
Single-time fertilization with controlled release blended fertilizer optimizes soil nitrogen distribution and root characteristics to increase conventional japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency · 2025
- positive
  Side-deep fertilization of CRBF increased NUE by 12.78% compared with broadcast fertilization.
  compared with broadcast
- positive
  CRBF under single-time fertilization increased nitrogen agronomic efficiency by 74.8% compared with the other treatments.
  compared with other treatments
- positive
  CRBF under single-time fertilization increased nitrogen recovery efficiency by 79.28% compared with the other treatments.
  compared with other treatments
cites 2 papers here
Shape-adjusted controlled-release fertilizer for enhancing nutrient efficiency and reducing residues in rice production · 2025
- positive
  SACRF agronomic efficiency was significantly higher at 61.94%, versus 34.92% for standard fertilizer.
  compared with standard fertilizer
cites 3 papers here
Effect of Organic Manures on Phosphorus Use Efficiency in Summer Rice in Acidic Soil of Northern Part of West Bengal · 2025
- positive
  The 25% P and 75% vermicompost combination was most effective for agronomic P use efficiency, reaching 15.25 kg kg-1.
Integrated nitrogen management enhances yield, nitrogen use efficiency, and grain quality in scented rice ( Oryza sativa L.) under field conditions · 2025
- positive
  The integrated regime gave the highest nitrogen use efficiency, 32.33%.
cites 2 papers here
Full root-zone nitrogen fertilizer application during rice transplanting promoted root development to increase rice yield and improve nitrogen use efficiency in South China · 2026
- positive
  RF enhanced nitrogen use efficiency relative to other methods.
  compared with other methods
cites 1 paper here
Effects of Nitrogen Application Rates and Nitrogen Topdressing at Different Leaf Growth Stages on the Yield, Nitrogen Absorption, and Utilization of Nanjing 9108 · 2026
- positive
  N6 at 270 kg ha−1 gave the highest nitrogen use efficiency.
Nitrogen-mediated improvement of ionic homeostasis and antioxidant capacity enhances rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency under soda saline-alkali stress · 2026
- positive
  Supplementary nitrogen fertilizer significantly improved total nitrogen uptake, NUE and NAE in rice.
Long-term yield dynamics of rice-rice and rice-wheat systems in South Asian: Evidence from 39 experiments · 2026
- positive
  NPK+FYM reduced the number of sites with low agronomic efficiency of fertilizer-N and low sustainability yield index.
- positive
  Agronomic efficiency of fertilizer-N and the sustainability yield index were higher under NPK and NPK+FYM than under control in rice-based systems.
  compared with control
- no effect
  NPK+FYM kept agronomic efficiency of fertilizer-N similar to NPK.
  compared with NPKNo difference from an alternative treatment
Simultaneous Controlled N, P and K Release Amplifies Economic Viability and Environmental Stewardship in Rice · 2026
- positive
  80%CRNPK increased nitrogen use efficiency by 38–171%.
  compared with FFP
- positive
  CRNPK increased nitrogen use efficiency by 38–171%.
  compared with FFP
Aligning Nitrogen Form With Rice Preference Through Enhanced‐Efficiency Fertilizers Raises Yield and Cuts Emissions · 2026
- positive
  Enhanced‐efficiency fertilizers increased rice N use efficiency by 18%–33%.
  compared with conventional practices
cites 8 papers here
Side-depth fertilization modified rice growth strategy to enhance grain yield by optimizing soil nutrient conditions · 2026
- positive
  Nitrogen recovery efficiency increased by 20.0% ∼ 36.7%.
  compared with D0
- positive
  Phosphorus recovery efficiency increased by 0.01% ∼ 22.0%.
  compared with D0
cites 2 papers here

Papers reporting a negative result or no effect 18

Effect of nitrogen rates on rice growth and biological nitrogen fixation · 1996
- negative
  Increasing N fertilizer rates decreased apparent N recovery and N use efficiency of rice.
Long-term Comparison of the Agronomic Efficiency and Residual Benefits of Organic and Inorganic Nitrogen Sources for Tropical Lowland Rice · 1996
- negative
  Green manure and rice straw nitrogen gave lower agronomic efficiency than split prilled urea.
  compared with standard split application of prilled urea
Judicious Fertilizer N Split for Higher Use Efficiency in Transplanted Rice · 2001
- negative
  The farmers practice of applying half of the recommended N as basal dose recorded the least agronomic efficiency and response ratio.
Substitution of inorganic fertilizers by organic manures and the effect on soil fertility in a rice–wheat rotation on reclaimed sodic soil in India · 2003
- no effect
  Nitrogen use efficiency in rice was similar under inorganic fertilizer and combined organic-inorganic treatments.
  compared with organic manures along with inorganic fertilizersNo difference from an alternative treatment
cited by 1 paper here
Impact of different fertilizer-N application on growth and yield formation of transplanted rice under zero tillage and conventional tillage conditions · 2004
- negative
  Higher fertilizer nitrogen decreased N agronomic efficiency.
- negative
  Higher fertilizer nitrogen decreased N recovery efficiency.
MAXIMIZING THE RETURN OF FERTILIZATION AND ITS EFFECT ON YIELD, NUTRIENTS UPTAKE AND N- USE EFFECIENCY FOR RICE · 2010
- negative
  Compost gave the lowest nitrogen use efficiency.
- negative
  Increasing nitrogen fertilizer reduced nitrogen use efficiency.
Effects of PAA (Polyaspartic Acid) Contained Complex Fertilizer on Rice Growth and CH₄emission from Rice Cultivation · 2013
- no effect
  Rice nitrogen use efficiency at 65 to 75% PCF was not different from the control.
  compared with control
Nitrogen Use Efficiency as Affected by Phosphorus and Potassium in Long-Term Rice and Wheat Experiments · 2014
- no effect
  Rice NUE did not change between NP and NPK at the three sites.
  compared with NPNo difference from an alternative treatment
Nitrogen Use Efficiency as Affected by Phosphorus and Potassium in Long-Term Rice and Wheat Experiments · 2014
- no effect
  Rice NUE did not change between NP and NPK across three sites.
  compared with NPNo difference from an alternative treatment
Effect of Silicon Application Rate and Stage on Yield,Quality and Lodging Resistance of Rice in Cold Region · 2015
- negative
  Overuse of silicon fertilizer gave low fertilizer efficiency.
Variation in nitrogen uptake efficiency in upland rice landraces as influenced by P fertilization · 2016
- no effect
  Phosphorus fertilization had no significant effect on nitrogen use efficiency in upland rice landraces.
Effects of single basal application of coated compound fertilizer on yield and nitrogen use efficiency in double-cropped rice · 2017
- no effect
  N use efficiency indices except PFPN did not differ significantly between fertilizer treatments.
cites 1 paper herecited by 4 papers here
Response of paddy rice to fertilisation with pig slurry in northeast Spain: Strategies to optimise nitrogen use efficiency · 2017
- no effect
  Agronomic and recovery nitrogen use efficiencies and unaccounted nitrogen did not differ significantly between mineral and slurry at the same ammonium rate.
  compared with mineral
cited by 1 paper here
Yield-scaled greenhouse gas emissions from the use of common urea and controlled-release nitrogen fertiliser in a subtropical paddy rice field · 2021
- no effect
  CRNF applied at sowing delivered agronomic efficiency similar to urea applied in three splits.
  compared with common urea applied into three splitsNo difference from an alternative treatment
cites 3 papers herecited by 1 paper here
Yield Attributes Response to Nitrogen Fertilization in Low-Nitrogen Tolerant Hybrid Rice · 2022
- negative
  DY4727 internal nitrogen use efficiency declined 41% in 2020.
  compared with YLY900
- negative
  YLY900 internal nitrogen use efficiency declined 10% in 2021.
- negative
  DY4727 internal nitrogen use efficiency declined 24% in 2021.
  compared with YLY900
- negative
  YLY900 internal nitrogen use efficiency declined 11% in 2020.
Optimising nitrogen use efficiency of prilled urea through integrated use of nano-ZnO and green manuring for better productivity, quality and nutritional status of Basmati rice crop · 2024
- no effect
  Green manure did not affect agronomic or physiological efficiency.
  compared with G1No difference from an alternative treatment
cited by 1 paper here
Nano fertilizers and its effect on nutrient use efficiency in rice · 2024
- no effect
  Foliar nano urea produced statistically similar rice nutrient use efficiency to the conventional fertilizer rate.
  compared with 90:45:45 kg N, P2O5 & K2O (KAU POP)No difference from an alternative treatment
Rice Productivity, Nutrients Use Efficiencies and Water Productivity on a Biochar-amended Soil in a Typical Lowland Rice System in Benin · 2025
- negative
  In 2022, biochar (CC or RH) combined with chemical fertilizers reduced the agronomic N, P and K use efficiency for N by 39.91 relative to control plots.
  compared with control plots
- negative
  In 2022, biochar (CC or RH) combined with chemical fertilizers reduced the agronomic N, P and K use efficiency for K by 82.78% relative to control plots.
  compared with control plots
- negative
  In 2022, biochar (CC or RH) combined with chemical fertilizers reduced the agronomic N, P and K use efficiency for P by 41.35 relative to control plots.
  compared with control plots

A paper is on the positive side when any of its claims here is positive. Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. Claims that compare genotypes are left out; a claim about lacking a nutrient counts the other way round in that nutrient’s question. “Results differ” marks a question where two model reviewers, reading both claims, accepted at least one pair of papers whose results differ.

fertilization · Nutrient: efficiency · Oryza sativa (rice)

How these papers cite each other

Papers reporting a positive result 202

Papers reporting a negative result or no effect 18

fertilization on Oryza sativa (rice) against other targets

fertilization · nutrient: efficiency on other organisms