Abstract
L.), a key global staple crop; requires optimized nitrogen (N) and water management to achieve sustainable production under water-limited conditions while minimizing environmental pollution. Improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) under limited water availability is essential for sustainable rice production. This study investigated the combined effects of alternate wetting and drying (AWD) water management and slow-release fertilizer (SRF) on NUE photosynthesis; and growth in two rice cultivars; Samgwang (SG) and Milyang#360 (ML). Growth traits; including shoot and grain biomass; were significantly improved under AWD; especially when combined with SRF in the SG cultivar. Photosynthetic rate (Pn) was highest in SG under SRF + AWD treatment. Gene expression analysis revealed that AWD and SRF modulate the expression of nitrogen uptake and assimilation-related genes in a genotype-specific manner. The total nitrogen (N) content; NUE; and nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE) were highest under the SRF + AWD treatment. Additionally; the SRF + AWD treatment promoted carbohydrate accumulation in roots; potentially enhancing nutrient uptake under water-limited conditions. These findings highlight the combined application of SRF + AWD as a synergistic and genotype-responsive strategy that improves NUE and crop yield while conserving water and nitrogen resources. Our study provides a practical basis for integrating water and nitrogen management to improve resource efficiency and sustainability in rice cultivation.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
AWD significantly improved shoot biomass, especially with SRF in Samgwang.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth traits; including shoot and grain biomass; were significantly improved under AWD; especially when combined with SRF in the SG cultivar.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
AWD significantly improved grain biomass, especially with SRF in Samgwang.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth traits; including shoot and grain biomass; were significantly improved under AWD; especially when combined with SRF in the SG cultivar.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthetic rate was highest in SG under SRF plus AWD.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- SGe0
- Treatment
- SRF + AWD treatmente0
- Outcome
- Photosynthetic rate (Pn)e0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Photosynthetic rate (Pn) was highest in SG under SRF + AWD treatment.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
AWD and SRF modulated nitrogen uptake and assimilation gene expression by genotype.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- AWD and SRFe0
- Outcome
- expression of nitrogen uptake and assimilation-related genese0
- Direction
- modulatee0
- Qualifier
- genotype-specific mannere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AWD and SRF modulate the expression of nitrogen uptake and assimilation-related genes in a genotype-specific manner.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Total nitrogen content was highest under SRF plus AWD.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- SRF + AWD treatmente0
- Outcome
- total nitrogen (N) contente0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The total nitrogen (N) content; NUE; and nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE) were highest under the SRF + AWD treatment.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
NUE was highest under SRF plus AWD.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- SRF + AWD treatmente0
- Outcome
- NUEe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The total nitrogen (N) content; NUE; and nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE) were highest under the SRF + AWD treatment.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen uptake efficiency was highest under SRF plus AWD.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- SRF + AWD treatmente0
- Outcome
- nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE)e0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The total nitrogen (N) content; NUE; and nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE) were highest under the SRF + AWD treatment.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
SRF plus AWD promoted root carbohydrate accumulation.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- SRF + AWD treatmente0
- Outcome
- carbohydrate accumulatione0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the SRF + AWD treatment promoted carbohydrate accumulation in roots”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose combined SRF and AWD to improve resource efficiency in rice cultivation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- improve resource efficiency and sustainability in rice cultivatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“integrating water and nitrogen management to improve resource efficiency and sustainability in rice cultivation”
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See all 291 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.