Abstract
Abstract Malate transporters play pivotal roles in plant aluminum tolerance mechanisms. In the classic aluminum tolerance pathway, Al 3+ induces ALMT , which promotes malate exudation to chelate Al 3+ to enhance aluminum tolerance. However, in tomato, SlALMT was inhibited by Al 3+ , but Al 3+ still induced malate exudation. We found that SlSLAH2, upon induction by Al 3+ , can transport malate and is required for full activation of malate exudation by Al 3+ stress. SlWRKY37 contributes to SlSLAH2 induction by Al 3+ . Moreover, SlSLAH2 is phosphorylated in response to Al 3+ . We identify SlCDPK21 and SlPP2C72 as putative upstream kinase and phosphatase that could potentially facilitate phosphorylation homeostasis. SlCDPK21 can interact with SlSLAH2 in a heterologous system, phosphorylate SlSLAH2 at Thr167 in vitro and is also required for full malate exudation. SlPP2C72 can dephosphorylate SlSLAH2 in vitro and knock-out leads to increased malate exudation. Furthermore, Al 3+ downregulated SlPP2C72 , and Al 3+ treated seedling extracts can suppress SlPP2C72 phosphatase activity. We propose a synergistic transcription-phosphorylation cascade that can ensure a robust malate exudation across Al 3+ environments.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
SlSLAH2, induced by Al 3+, can transport malate.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Treatment
- induction by Al 3+e2
- Gene
- SlSLAH2e2
- Compound
- malatee2
- Outcome
- transport malatee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in tomato, SlALMT was inhibited by Al 3+”
e2“SlSLAH2, upon induction by Al 3+ , can transport malate and is required for full activation of malate exudation by Al 3+ stress”
Claim · model-written summary
SlSLAH2 is required for full malate exudation under Al 3+ stress.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- SlSLAH2e2
- Outcome
- malate exudatione2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in tomato, SlALMT was inhibited by Al 3+”
e2“SlSLAH2, upon induction by Al 3+ , can transport malate and is required for full activation of malate exudation by Al 3+ stress”
Claim · model-written summary
SlWRKY37 contributes to the induction of SlSLAH2 by Al 3+.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Al 3+e2
- Gene
- SlWRKY37e2
- Outcome
- SlSLAH2 inductione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in tomato, SlALMT was inhibited by Al 3+”
e2“SlWRKY37 contributes to SlSLAH2 induction by Al 3+”
Claim · model-written summary
SlSLAH2 is phosphorylated in response to Al 3+.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Al 3+e2
- Gene
- SlSLAH2e2
- Outcome
- phosphorylatede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in tomato, SlALMT was inhibited by Al 3+”
e2“SlSLAH2 is phosphorylated in response to Al 3+”
Claim · model-written summary
SlCDPK21 and SlPP2C72 are putative upstream kinase and phosphatase that may facilitate phosphorylation homeostasis of SlSLAH2.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- SlCDPK21 and SlPP2C72e2
- Outcome
- phosphorylation homeostasise2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in tomato, SlALMT was inhibited by Al 3+”
e2“We identify SlCDPK21 and SlPP2C72 as putative upstream kinase and phosphatase that could potentially facilitate phosphorylation homeostasis”
Claim · model-written summary
SlCDPK21 can interact with SlSLAH2 in a heterologous system.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- SlCDPK21e2
- Outcome
- interact with SlSLAH2e2
- Qualifier
- in a heterologous systeme2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in tomato, SlALMT was inhibited by Al 3+”
e2“SlCDPK21 can interact with SlSLAH2 in a heterologous system”
Claim · model-written summary
SlCDPK21 can phosphorylate SlSLAH2 at Thr167 in vitro.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- SlCDPK21e3
- Outcome
- phosphorylate SlSLAH2 at Thr167e2
- Qualifier
- in vitroe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in tomato, SlALMT was inhibited by Al 3+”
e2“phosphorylate SlSLAH2 at Thr167 in vitro”
e3“SlCDPK21 can interact with SlSLAH2 in a heterologous system”
Claim · model-written summary
SlCDPK21 is also required for full malate exudation in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- SlCDPK21e2
- Outcome
- malate exudatione3
- Direction
- increaseinferrede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in tomato, SlALMT was inhibited by Al 3+”
e2“SlCDPK21 can interact with SlSLAH2 in a heterologous system”
e3“is also required for full malate exudation”
Claim · model-written summary
SlPP2C72 can dephosphorylate SlSLAH2 in vitro.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- SlPP2C72e2
- Outcome
- dephosphorylate SlSLAH2e2
- Qualifier
- in vitroe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in tomato, SlALMT was inhibited by Al 3+”
e2“SlPP2C72 can dephosphorylate SlSLAH2 in vitro and knock-out leads to increased malate exudation”
Claim · model-written summary
Knock-out of SlPP2C72 leads to increased malate exudation in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- knock-oute2
- Gene
- SlPP2C72e2
- Outcome
- malate exudatione2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in tomato, SlALMT was inhibited by Al 3+”
e2“SlPP2C72 can dephosphorylate SlSLAH2 in vitro and knock-out leads to increased malate exudation”
Claim · model-written summary
Al 3+ downregulated SlPP2C72 in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Al 3+e2
- Gene
- SlPP2C72e2
- Outcome
- SlPP2C72e2
- Direction
- downregulatede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in tomato, SlALMT was inhibited by Al 3+”
e2“Al 3+ downregulated SlPP2C72”
Claim · model-written summary
Al 3+ treated seedling extracts can suppress SlPP2C72 phosphatase activity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Al 3+ treated seedling extractse2
- Gene
- SlPP2C72e2
- Outcome
- SlPP2C72 phosphatase activitye2
- Direction
- suppresse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in tomato, SlALMT was inhibited by Al 3+”
e2“Al 3+ treated seedling extracts can suppress SlPP2C72 phosphatase activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Al 3+ still induced malate exudation in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Al 3+e2
- Outcome
- malate exudatione2
- Direction
- inducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in tomato, SlALMT was inhibited by Al 3+”
e2“Al 3+ still induced malate exudation”
Claim · model-written summary
SlALMT was inhibited by Al 3+ in tomato.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in tomato, SlALMT was inhibited by Al 3+”
Claim · model-written summary
A synergistic transcription-phosphorylation cascade may ensure robust malate exudation across Al 3+ environments in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- robust malate exudatione2
- Qualifier
- synergistic transcription-phosphorylation cascadee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in tomato, SlALMT was inhibited by Al 3+”
e2“We propose a synergistic transcription-phosphorylation cascade that can ensure a robust malate exudation across Al 3+ environments”
The same questions in other papers
aluminium atom · molecular: metabolites · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.