Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important cereal crops globally and serves as a staple food for a substantial proportion of the world’s population. The study aims to evaluate the effect of split application of nitrogen and potassium on the growth and yield attributes of irrigated wheat. The experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2024–25 at SAGE University, Bhopal following a Randomized Block Design with nine treatments and three replications. The treatments consisted of different levels and split applications of nitrogen and potassium, including 100% and 75% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF: 80:40:40 kg N:P₂O₅:K₂O ha⁻¹), applied at basal, crown root initiation (CRI), and boot leaf stages. The results revealed that split application of nitrogen and potassium significantly enhanced growth parameters such as plant height, dry matter production, leaf area index (LAI), and number of tillers per meter row length at different growth stages, except at 30 DAS. Among the treatments, application of 100% RDF with nitrogen and potassium in three equal splits (33:33:33%) at basal, CRI, and boot leaf stages recorded significantly higher plant height (97.6 cm at harvest), dry matter production (96.40 g m⁻¹ row length at 90 DAS), LAI (3.36 at 90 DAS), and number of tillers (224.00 m⁻¹ row length at 60 DAS), and was found to be at par with other split treatments under 100% RDF. Yield attributes showed variable responses to split nutrient application. Grain weight per spike was significantly increased, with the highest value (1.78 g) recorded under 100% RDF with three equal splits of nitrogen and potassium, which was at par with 25:25:50% split application. However, the number of grains per spike and test weight did not show significant differences, although higher values were observed under the same treatment. The study concludes that split application of nitrogen and potassium, particularly in three equal splits (33:33:33%) at basal, CRI, and boot leaf stages under 100% RDF, is an effective nutrient management practice for enhancing growth and improving yield attributes of irrigated wheat. This approach ensures better nutrient use efficiency and can be recommended for sustainable wheat production under irrigated conditions.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Split application of nitrogen and potassium significantly enhanced growth parameters of wheat.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- split application of nitrogen and potassiume1
- Outcome
- growth parameterse1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Qualifier
- except at 30 DASe1
- Setting
- SAGE University, Bhopale2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e1“The results revealed that split application of nitrogen and potassium significantly enhanced growth parameters such as plant height, dry matter production, leaf area index (LAI), and number of tillers per meter row length at different growth stages, except at 30 DAS”
e2“at SAGE University, Bhopal”
Claim · model-written summary
The 100% RDF three-split treatment gave significantly higher plant height, 97.6 cm at harvest.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 100% RDF with nitrogen and potassium in three equal splits (33:33:33%)e3
- Outcome
- plant heighte4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 97.6 cme4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e3“application of 100% RDF with nitrogen and potassium in three equal splits (33:33:33%) at basal, CRI, and boot leaf stages”
e4“recorded significantly higher plant height (97.6 cm at harvest)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 100% RDF three-split treatment gave higher dry matter production, 96.40 g m⁻¹ row length at 90 DAS.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 100% RDF with nitrogen and potassium in three equal splits (33:33:33%)e3
- Outcome
- dry matter productione5
- Direction
- higherinferrede5
- Value
- 96.40 g m⁻¹ row lengthe5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e3“application of 100% RDF with nitrogen and potassium in three equal splits (33:33:33%) at basal, CRI, and boot leaf stages”
e5“dry matter production (96.40 g m⁻¹ row length at 90 DAS)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 100% RDF three-split treatment gave higher leaf area index, 3.36 at 90 DAS.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 100% RDF with nitrogen and potassium in three equal splits (33:33:33%)e3
- Outcome
- LAIe6
- Direction
- higherinferrede6
- Value
- 3.36e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e3“application of 100% RDF with nitrogen and potassium in three equal splits (33:33:33%) at basal, CRI, and boot leaf stages”
e6“LAI (3.36 at 90 DAS)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 100% RDF three-split treatment gave higher number of tillers, 224.00 m⁻¹ row length at 60 DAS.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 100% RDF with nitrogen and potassium in three equal splits (33:33:33%)e3
- Outcome
- number of tillerse7
- Direction
- higherinferrede7
- Value
- 224.00 m⁻¹ row lengthe7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e3“application of 100% RDF with nitrogen and potassium in three equal splits (33:33:33%) at basal, CRI, and boot leaf stages”
e7“number of tillers (224.00 m⁻¹ row length at 60 DAS)”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain weight per spike was significantly increased, with the highest value of 1.78 g under 100% RDF with three equal splits.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 100% RDF with three equal splits of nitrogen and potassiume5
- Outcome
- Grain weight per spikee5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 1.78 ge5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e5“Grain weight per spike was significantly increased, with the highest value (1.78 g) recorded under 100% RDF with three equal splits of nitrogen and potassium”
Claim · model-written summary
Number of grains per spike and test weight did not differ significantly among the nitrogen and potassium split treatments.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 100% RDF with nitrogen and potassium in three equal splits (33:33:33%)e3
- Outcome
- number of grains per spike and test weighte6
- Direction
- did not show significant differencese6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e3“application of 100% RDF with nitrogen and potassium in three equal splits (33:33:33%) at basal, CRI, and boot leaf stages”
e6“the number of grains per spike and test weight did not show significant differences”
Claim · model-written summary
Three equal splits of nitrogen and potassium under 100% RDF is an effective nutrient management practice for irrigated wheat.
- Taxon
- irrigated wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Outcome
- enhancing growth and improving yield attributese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“is an effective nutrient management practice for enhancing growth and improving yield attributes of irrigated wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The split nitrogen and potassium approach ensures better nutrient use efficiency in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Outcome
- nutrient use efficiencye7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“This approach ensures better nutrient use efficiency and can be recommended for sustainable wheat production under irrigated conditions”
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See all 2,061 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.