Abstract
WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) transcription factors play a key role in regulating plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, the role of WOX proteins in regulating salt gland development and salt tolerance in Limonium bicolor remains unexplored. In this study, we identified 17 LbWOX genes and classified them into three phylogenetic clades. To identify key regulators of salt gland development, we silenced candidate genes; plants with LbWOX5 silenced exhibited significantly fewer salt glands compared with controls. Furthermore, overexpression and silencing of LbWOX5 revealed that LbWOX5 positively regulates salt gland development and salt tolerance. We determined that LbWOX5 is mainly expressed in salt glands and LbWOX5 localizes in the nucleus. Further study revealed that LbWOX5 binds specifically to the Cullin1 (LbCUL1) promoter and activates its expression. Silencing of LbCUL1 led to significantly lower salt gland density and salt tolerance, while its overexpression promoted salt gland development and improved salt tolerance. Silencing both LbWOX5 and LbCUL1 simultaneously did not produce a more pronounced effect on salt gland density or salt tolerance than silencing either gene alone. This study showed that LbWOX5 promotes salt gland development and salt tolerance in L. bicolor by activating LbCUL1. This LbWOX5-LbCUL1 regulatory module provides a potential genetic basis for engineering crops with enhanced salt tolerance.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Seventeen LbWOX genes were identified in Limonium bicolor and classified into three clades.
Verbatim
e0“we identified 17 LbWOX genes and classified them into three phylogenetic clades.”
t0“Limonium bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
LbWOX5 silencing produced significantly fewer salt glands than controls.
Verbatim
e0“plants with LbWOX5 silenced exhibited significantly fewer salt glands compared with controls.”
t0“Limonium bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
LbWOX5 positively regulated salt gland development.
- Taxon
- Limonium bicolorLimonium bicolort0
- Treatment
- overexpression and silencing of LbWOX5e0
- Gene
- LbWOX5e0
- Outcome
- salt gland developmente0
- Direction
- positively regulatese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“overexpression and silencing of LbWOX5 revealed that LbWOX5 positively regulates salt gland development and salt tolerance.”
t0“Limonium bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
LbWOX5 positively regulated salt tolerance.
- Taxon
- Limonium bicolorLimonium bicolort0
- Treatment
- overexpression and silencing of LbWOX5e0
- Gene
- LbWOX5e0
- Outcome
- salt tolerancee0
- Direction
- positively regulatese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“overexpression and silencing of LbWOX5 revealed that LbWOX5 positively regulates salt gland development and salt tolerance.”
t0“Limonium bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
LbWOX5 was mainly expressed in salt glands.
- Taxon
- Limonium bicolorLimonium bicolort0
- Organ / stage
- salt glandse0
- Gene
- LbWOX5e0
- Outcome
- mainly expressed in salt glandse0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“LbWOX5 is mainly expressed in salt glands”
t0“Limonium bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
LbWOX5 localized in the nucleus.
- Taxon
- Limonium bicolorLimonium bicolort0
- Gene
- LbWOX5e0
- Outcome
- localizes in the nucleuse0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“LbWOX5 localizes in the nucleus”
t0“Limonium bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
LbWOX5 specifically bound the LbCUL1 promoter.
- Taxon
- Limonium bicolorLimonium bicolort0
- Gene
- LbWOX5e0
- Outcome
- binds specifically to the Cullin1 (LbCUL1) promotere0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“LbWOX5 binds specifically to the Cullin1 (LbCUL1) promoter and activates its expression.”
t0“Limonium bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
LbWOX5 activated LbCUL1 expression.
- Taxon
- Limonium bicolorLimonium bicolort0
- Gene
- LbWOX5e0
- Outcome
- its expressione0
- Direction
- activatese0
Verbatim
e0“LbWOX5 binds specifically to the Cullin1 (LbCUL1) promoter and activates its expression.”
t0“Limonium bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
LbCUL1 silencing significantly lowered salt gland density.
- Taxon
- Limonium bicolorLimonium bicolort0
- Treatment
- Silencing of LbCUL1e0
- Gene
- LbCUL1e0
- Outcome
- salt gland densitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Silencing of LbCUL1 led to significantly lower salt gland density and salt tolerance”
t0“Limonium bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
LbCUL1 silencing significantly lowered salt tolerance.
- Taxon
- Limonium bicolorLimonium bicolort0
- Treatment
- Silencing of LbCUL1e0
- Gene
- LbCUL1e0
- Outcome
- salt tolerancee0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Silencing of LbCUL1 led to significantly lower salt gland density and salt tolerance”
t0“Limonium bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
LbCUL1 overexpression promoted salt gland development.
- Taxon
- Limonium bicolorLimonium bicolort0
- Treatment
- its overexpressione0
- Gene
- LbCUL1e1
- Outcome
- salt gland developmente0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“its overexpression promoted salt gland development and improved salt tolerance.”
e1“Silencing of LbCUL1 led to significantly lower salt gland density and salt tolerance”
t0“Limonium bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
LbCUL1 overexpression improved salt tolerance.
- Taxon
- Limonium bicolorLimonium bicolort0
- Treatment
- its overexpressione0
- Gene
- LbCUL1e1
- Outcome
- salt tolerancee0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“its overexpression promoted salt gland development and improved salt tolerance.”
e1“Silencing of LbCUL1 led to significantly lower salt gland density and salt tolerance”
t0“Limonium bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
Dual LbWOX5 and LbCUL1 silencing did not produce a more pronounced salt gland density effect than silencing either gene alone.
Verbatim
e0“Silencing both LbWOX5 and LbCUL1 simultaneously did not produce a more pronounced effect on salt gland density or salt tolerance than silencing either gene alone.”
t0“Limonium bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
Dual LbWOX5 and LbCUL1 silencing did not produce a more pronounced salt tolerance effect than silencing either gene alone.
Verbatim
e0“Silencing both LbWOX5 and LbCUL1 simultaneously did not produce a more pronounced effect on salt gland density or salt tolerance than silencing either gene alone.”
t0“Limonium bicolor”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · growth · Limonium bicolorPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
loss of function · tolerance: abiotic · Limonium bicolorPositive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.