Paper · 2014 · International Journal of Biosciences (IJB)

Effect of various combinations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash on enhancing the flowering time in Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)

16
claims
24
verbatim quotes
8
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

The experiment was conducted at Hazara Agriculture Research Station Abbottabad, Pakistan during 2010-11 to evaluate the impact of various N, P, K combinations (Control, Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potash (K), N+P, N+K, P+K and N+P+K) on plant height, number of branches, suckers, leaves, flowers per plant, leaf area, days to flowering, blooming period, flower size and flower fresh weight. The experiment was conducted as a Completely Randomized Block Design with 8 treatments replicated 4 times. Terminal cuttings were individually planted in 7 cm plastic pots on 10th June. Plants were transplanted to 28 cm pots on 10th July. Application of fertilizer with (N+P+K) combination was significantly better with plant height (63.9 cm), maximum leaf area (131.6 cm 2 ), less days (116) to flower, more number of flowers (32), maximum blooming period (38 days), larger flower size (6.3 cm) and flower fresh weight (4.4 g). Untreated chrysanthemum plants had least plant height (46.5 cm), number of branches (7) per plant, number of leaves (47) per plant, leaf area (94.2 cm 2 ), number of flowers (15) per plant, blooming period (35 days), flower size (4.5 cm) and fresh weight (3.3 g). Treatment of plants with (N+P+K) combination alone gave flowering after 116 days from planting in 7 cm pots and produced flowers on 4th October which was earlier than the normal season.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 16

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

N+P+K fertilization improved plant height (63.9 cm).

Taxon
ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
Treatment
(N+P+K) combinatione0
Outcome
plant heighte0
Direction
significantly bettere0
Value
63.9 cme0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryLucia Condac · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of fertilizer with (N+P+K) combination was significantly better with plant height (63.9 cm), maximum leaf area (131.6 cm 2 ), less days (116) to flower, more number of flowers (32), maximum blooming period (38 days), larger flower size (6.3 cm) and flower fresh weight (4.4 g).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 632–921 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 101–141 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

N+P+K fertilization improved leaf area (131.6 cm 2).

Taxon
ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
Treatment
(N+P+K) combinatione0
Outcome
leaf areae0
Direction
maximume0
Value
131.6 cm 2e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryLucia Condac · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of fertilizer with (N+P+K) combination was significantly better with plant height (63.9 cm), maximum leaf area (131.6 cm 2 ), less days (116) to flower, more number of flowers (32), maximum blooming period (38 days), larger flower size (6.3 cm) and flower fresh weight (4.4 g).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 632–921 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 101–141 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

N+P+K fertilization improved days (116).

Taxon
ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
Treatment
(N+P+K) combinatione0
Outcome
dayse0
Direction
lesse0
Value
116e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryLucia Condac · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of fertilizer with (N+P+K) combination was significantly better with plant height (63.9 cm), maximum leaf area (131.6 cm 2 ), less days (116) to flower, more number of flowers (32), maximum blooming period (38 days), larger flower size (6.3 cm) and flower fresh weight (4.4 g).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 632–921 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 101–141 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

N+P+K fertilization improved number of flowers (32).

Taxon
ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
Treatment
(N+P+K) combinatione0
Outcome
number of flowerse0
Direction
moree0
Value
32e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryLucia Condac · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of fertilizer with (N+P+K) combination was significantly better with plant height (63.9 cm), maximum leaf area (131.6 cm 2 ), less days (116) to flower, more number of flowers (32), maximum blooming period (38 days), larger flower size (6.3 cm) and flower fresh weight (4.4 g).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 632–921 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 101–141 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

N+P+K fertilization improved blooming period (38 days).

Taxon
ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
Treatment
(N+P+K) combinatione0
Outcome
blooming periode0
Direction
maximume0
Value
38 dayse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryLucia Condac · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of fertilizer with (N+P+K) combination was significantly better with plant height (63.9 cm), maximum leaf area (131.6 cm 2 ), less days (116) to flower, more number of flowers (32), maximum blooming period (38 days), larger flower size (6.3 cm) and flower fresh weight (4.4 g).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 632–921 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 101–141 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

N+P+K fertilization improved flower size (6.3 cm).

Taxon
ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
Treatment
(N+P+K) combinatione0
Outcome
flower sizee0
Direction
largere0
Value
6.3 cme0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryLucia Condac · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of fertilizer with (N+P+K) combination was significantly better with plant height (63.9 cm), maximum leaf area (131.6 cm 2 ), less days (116) to flower, more number of flowers (32), maximum blooming period (38 days), larger flower size (6.3 cm) and flower fresh weight (4.4 g).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 632–921 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 101–141 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

N+P+K fertilization improved flower fresh weight (4.4 g).

Taxon
ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
Treatment
(N+P+K) combinatione0
Outcome
flower fresh weighte0
Direction
significantly bettere0
Value
4.4 ge0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryLucia Condac · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Application of fertilizer with (N+P+K) combination was significantly better with plant height (63.9 cm), maximum leaf area (131.6 cm 2 ), less days (116) to flower, more number of flowers (32), maximum blooming period (38 days), larger flower size (6.3 cm) and flower fresh weight (4.4 g).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 632–921 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 101–141 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Untreated chrysanthemum had plant height of 46.5 cm.

Taxon
chrysanthemumChrysanthemume0
Outcome
plant heighte0
Value
46.5 cme0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryLucia Condac · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Untreated chrysanthemum plants had least plant height (46.5 cm), number of branches (7) per plant, number of leaves (47) per plant, leaf area (94.2 cm 2 ), number of flowers (15) per plant, blooming period (35 days), flower size (4.5 cm) and fresh weight (3.3 g).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 922–1185 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Untreated chrysanthemum had number of branches of 7.

Taxon
chrysanthemumChrysanthemume0
Outcome
number of branchese0
Value
7e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryLucia Condac · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Untreated chrysanthemum plants had least plant height (46.5 cm), number of branches (7) per plant, number of leaves (47) per plant, leaf area (94.2 cm 2 ), number of flowers (15) per plant, blooming period (35 days), flower size (4.5 cm) and fresh weight (3.3 g).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 922–1185 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Untreated chrysanthemum had number of leaves of 47.

Taxon
chrysanthemumChrysanthemume0
Outcome
number of leavese0
Value
47e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryLucia Condac · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Untreated chrysanthemum plants had least plant height (46.5 cm), number of branches (7) per plant, number of leaves (47) per plant, leaf area (94.2 cm 2 ), number of flowers (15) per plant, blooming period (35 days), flower size (4.5 cm) and fresh weight (3.3 g).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 922–1185 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Untreated chrysanthemum had leaf area of 94.2 cm 2.

Taxon
chrysanthemumChrysanthemume0
Outcome
leaf areae0
Value
94.2 cm 2e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryLucia Condac · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Untreated chrysanthemum plants had least plant height (46.5 cm), number of branches (7) per plant, number of leaves (47) per plant, leaf area (94.2 cm 2 ), number of flowers (15) per plant, blooming period (35 days), flower size (4.5 cm) and fresh weight (3.3 g).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 922–1185 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Untreated chrysanthemum had number of flowers of 15.

Taxon
chrysanthemumChrysanthemume0
Outcome
number of flowerse0
Value
15e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryLucia Condac · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Untreated chrysanthemum plants had least plant height (46.5 cm), number of branches (7) per plant, number of leaves (47) per plant, leaf area (94.2 cm 2 ), number of flowers (15) per plant, blooming period (35 days), flower size (4.5 cm) and fresh weight (3.3 g).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 922–1185 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Untreated chrysanthemum had blooming period of 35 days.

Taxon
chrysanthemumChrysanthemume0
Outcome
blooming periode0
Value
35 dayse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryLucia Condac · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Untreated chrysanthemum plants had least plant height (46.5 cm), number of branches (7) per plant, number of leaves (47) per plant, leaf area (94.2 cm 2 ), number of flowers (15) per plant, blooming period (35 days), flower size (4.5 cm) and fresh weight (3.3 g).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 922–1185 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Untreated chrysanthemum had flower size of 4.5 cm.

Taxon
chrysanthemumChrysanthemume0
Outcome
flower sizee0
Value
4.5 cme0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryLucia Condac · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Untreated chrysanthemum plants had least plant height (46.5 cm), number of branches (7) per plant, number of leaves (47) per plant, leaf area (94.2 cm 2 ), number of flowers (15) per plant, blooming period (35 days), flower size (4.5 cm) and fresh weight (3.3 g).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 922–1185 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Untreated chrysanthemum had fresh weight of 3.3 g.

Taxon
chrysanthemumChrysanthemume0
Outcome
fresh weighte0
Value
3.3 ge0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryLucia Condac · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Untreated chrysanthemum plants had least plant height (46.5 cm), number of branches (7) per plant, number of leaves (47) per plant, leaf area (94.2 cm 2 ), number of flowers (15) per plant, blooming period (35 days), flower size (4.5 cm) and fresh weight (3.3 g).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 922–1185 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

N+P+K flowering occurred after 116 days, earlier than the normal season.

Taxon
ChrysanthemumChrysanthemumt0
Treatment
(N+P+K) combinatione0
Outcome
floweringe0
Direction
earliere0
Value
116 dayse0
Comparator
normal seasone0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryLucia Condac · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Treatment of plants with (N+P+K) combination alone gave flowering after 116 days from planting in 7 cm pots and produced flowers on 4th October which was earlier than the normal season.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1186–1371 · show in text ↑
t0

“Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 101–141 · show in text ↑

potassium · growth · ChrysanthemumPositive and negative results

8 papers: 7 positive, 1 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

4 papers more in this group

See all 8 papers →

phosphorus · growth · ChrysanthemumPositive and negative results

12 papers: 11 positive, 1 negative or no effect

10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

8 papers more in this group

See all 12 papers →

nitrogen · growth · ChrysanthemumPositive and negative results

21 papers: 15 positive, 6 negative or no effect

14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

17 papers more in this group

See all 21 papers →

potassium · phenology · ChrysanthemumResults agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

phosphorus · phenology · ChrysanthemumResults agree

3 papers: 3 positive, 0 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

phosphorus · yield · ChrysanthemumResults agree

4 papers: 4 positive, 0 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

potassium · yield · ChrysanthemumResults agree

4 papers: 4 positive, 0 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

nitrogen · phenology · ChrysanthemumResults agree

5 papers: 5 positive, 0 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.