Abstract
Growth and nitrogen (N) uptake by irrigated corn were studied in response to tillage, residue placement, nitrogen (N) rate and method of N application treatments on Hastings silt loam and Sharpsburg silty clay loam soils in 1981 and 1982. Whole plot factorial combinations of conventional tillage (disking the soil twice) and no tillage with residues removed and with surface residues were combined with split plot applications of 56, 112 and 168 kg/ha N. Nitrogen rates were applied as ammonium nitrate either broadcast at planting or sidedressed in a band at 6-leaf growth stage as the split-split plot treatment. An application of N-15 depleted ammonium nitrate to subplots was utilized to evaluate fertilizer and soil N uptake by the crop. Surface residues, compared to residues removed, reduced grain yield 650 kg/ha and lowered grain to stover ratios 14% over three location-years. A tillage by residue interaction was realized in two of these three location-years. The interaction was characterized by reduced grain yield for surface residue treatments with an average 760 kg/ha additional reduction for surface residues combined with conventional tillage. Conversely, with residues removed, conventional tillage averaged 400 kg/ha more grain yield than no tillage. Fertilizer N uptake by the crop was increased 13.4% with 56 kg/ha sidedressed N. Grain yield was not influenced by the method of N application. An additional 2.8 and 4.2 kg fertilizer N/ha from the 56 kg/ha N rate was recovered by corn grown with residues removed or without tillage, compared to surface resides and conventional tillage treatments, respectively. Soil N uptake by the crop was generally not affected by the treatments. Warmer soil temperatures with the residues removed treatments appear to be responsible for better grain yields and greater grain to stover ratios, compared to residue-covered plots. Reduced fertilizer N uptake by the residue-covered crop was related to increased contact of fertilizer N with crop residues.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Surface residues reduced corn grain yield by 650 kg/ha compared with residues removed.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- Surface residuese1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 650 kg/hae1
- Comparator
- residues removede1
- Setting
- three location-yearse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and nitrogen (N) uptake by irrigated corn”
e1“Surface residues, compared to residues removed, reduced grain yield 650 kg/ha and lowered grain to stover ratios 14% over three location-years”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface residues lowered the corn grain to stover ratio by 14% compared with residues removed.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Surface residuese1
- Outcome
- grain to stover ratiose1
- Direction
- lowerede1
- Value
- 14%e1
- Comparator
- residues removede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and nitrogen (N) uptake by irrigated corn”
e1“Surface residues, compared to residues removed, reduced grain yield 650 kg/ha and lowered grain to stover ratios 14% over three location-years”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface residues combined with conventional tillage reduced corn grain yield by an average 760 kg/ha beyond the surface residue treatments.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- surface residues combined with conventional tillagee2
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- additional reductione2
- Value
- 760 kg/hae2
- Comparator
- surface residue treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and nitrogen (N) uptake by irrigated corn”
e2“The interaction was characterized by reduced grain yield for surface residue treatments with an average 760 kg/ha additional reduction for surface residues combined with conventional tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
With residues removed, conventional tillage gave 400 kg/ha more corn grain yield than no tillage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- conventional tillagee3
- Outcome
- grain yielde3
- Direction
- moree3
- Value
- 400 kg/hae3
- Qualifier
- with residues removede3
- Comparator
- no tillagee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and nitrogen (N) uptake by irrigated corn”
e3“Conversely, with residues removed, conventional tillage averaged 400 kg/ha more grain yield than no tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer N uptake by corn increased by 13.4% with 56 kg/ha sidedressed N.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- 56 kg/ha sidedressed Ne4
- Outcome
- Fertilizer N uptake by the crope4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 13.4%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and nitrogen (N) uptake by irrigated corn”
e4“Fertilizer N uptake by the crop was increased 13.4% with 56 kg/ha sidedressed N”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield of corn was not influenced by the method of N application.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- method of N applicatione5
- Outcome
- Grain yielde5
- Direction
- not influencede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and nitrogen (N) uptake by irrigated corn”
e5“Grain yield was not influenced by the method of N application”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn grown with residues removed recovered 2.8 kg more fertilizer N/ha from the 56 kg/ha N rate than under surface residues.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- residues removede6
- Outcome
- fertilizer Ne6
- Direction
- increaseinferrede6
- Value
- 2.8e6
- Comparator
- surface residese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and nitrogen (N) uptake by irrigated corn”
e6“An additional 2.8 and 4.2 kg fertilizer N/ha from the 56 kg/ha N rate was recovered by corn grown with residues removed or without tillage, compared to surface resides and conventional tillage treatments, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn grown without tillage recovered 4.2 kg more fertilizer N/ha from the 56 kg/ha N rate than under conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- without tillagee6
- Outcome
- fertilizer Ne6
- Direction
- increaseinferrede6
- Value
- 4.2e6
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and nitrogen (N) uptake by irrigated corn”
e6“An additional 2.8 and 4.2 kg fertilizer N/ha from the 56 kg/ha N rate was recovered by corn grown with residues removed or without tillage, compared to surface resides and conventional tillage treatments, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil N uptake by corn was generally not affected by the treatments.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- treatmentse7
- Outcome
- Soil N uptake by the crope7
- Direction
- not affectede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and nitrogen (N) uptake by irrigated corn”
e7“Soil N uptake by the crop was generally not affected by the treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Warmer soil temperatures under residues removed appear to explain the better corn grain yields and greater grain to stover ratios.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- residues removede7
- Outcome
- grain yieldse7
- Qualifier
- Warmer soil temperaturese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and nitrogen (N) uptake by irrigated corn”
e7“Warmer soil temperatures with the residues removed treatments appear to be responsible for better grain yields and greater grain to stover ratios, compared to residue-covered plots”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced fertilizer N uptake by the residue-covered crop was related to increased contact of fertilizer N with crop residues.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- crop residuese7
- Outcome
- fertilizer N uptakee7
- Direction
- Reducede7
- Qualifier
- increased contact of fertilizer N with crop residuese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth and nitrogen (N) uptake by irrigated corn”
e7“Reduced fertilizer N uptake by the residue-covered crop was related to increased contact of fertilizer N with crop residues”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
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See all 2,185 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.