Search claims · PlantClaims

2020s 577

Mechanismobservedreview summarypositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Integrating legumes improves nitrogen use efficiency through biological nitrogen fixation.

Taxon: legumese0
Outcome: nitrogen use efficiencye0
Direction: improvese0
Qualifier: biological nitrogen N fixatione0

Verbatim

e0
“integrating legumes improves nitrogen use efficiency through biological nitrogen N fixation.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 607–699

Title

Beyond monoculture: Exploring the benefits, challenges, and potential of intercropping systems

Bonface O. Manono Agronomy Journal 2026. doi:10.1002/agj2.70401

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Trichoderma improved nitrogen use efficiency under saline stress.

Taxon: Chinese wolfberryLycium chinensee1
Treatment: Trichodermat0
Interactor: TrichodermaTrichodermat0symbionte2
Outcome: nitrogen use efficiencye0
Direction: improvede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“improved photosynthetic carbon fixation ability and nitrogen use efficiency”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 101–176

e1
“Chinese wolfberry under saline stress, improved photosynthetic carbon fixation ability and nitrogen use efficiency, and ultimately promoted plant growth”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 62–214

e2
“improved photosynthetic carbon fixation ability and nitrogen use efficiency”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 101–176

t0
“Trichoderma”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 12–23

Title

[Effects of Trichoderma on nitrogen absorption and use efficiency in Lycium chinense roots under saline stress].

Hui-Min Mei; Ya-Nan Ruan; Jia-Xin Zhang; et al. PubMed 2022. doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202209.015

Other claims from this paper (3)

Intervention effect Trichoderma facilitated nitrogen uptake, assimilation and accumulation under saline stress.
Intervention effect Trichoderma improved photosynthetic carbon fixation under saline stress.
Intervention effect Trichoderma ultimately promoted plant growth under saline stress.

Observationobservedreview summarypositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Bio-control fungi increase nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants.

Taxon: crop plantse0
Outcome: nitrogen use efficiencye0
Direction: increasee0

Verbatim

e0
“BCF also augments nutrient uptake and increase nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 723–809

Title

Systemic resistance: Plant responses to interaction with fungal bio-control agents

Ram Niwas; Ramesh Nath Gupta; Nidhika Rani Journal of Eco-friendly Agriculture 2022. doi:10.5958/2582-2683.2022.00070.3

Other claims from this paper (11)

Mechanism SAR and ISR provide long-lasting protection against a broad spectrum of phytopathogens.
Mechanism SAR requires salicylic acid as a signal molecule.
Mechanism ISR uses jasmonic acid and ethylene as signal molecules.
Mechanism Pathogenesis-related proteins contribute to resistance in plants.
Observation Bio-control fungi control soil-borne pathogens.
Observation Bio-control fungi control foliar and fruit pathogens.
Observation Bio-control fungi augment nutrient uptake in crop plants.
Observation Some strains improve plant photosynthetic efficiency.
Observation PcPCL1606 survives in soil.
Observation PcPCL1606 colonizes plant roots efficiently.
Observation PcPCL1606 promotes plant growth.

2010s 342

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Inoculation increased nitrogen-use efficiency, apparent nitrogen recovery, and net returns.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: inoculatione0
Outcome: N-use efficiency, apparent N recovery and net returnse0
Direction: moree0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Similarly, N-use efficiency, apparent N recovery and net returns were more under inoculation.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 360–453

t0
“wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 104–109

Title

Effect of Bio fertilizers and nitrogen on yield, N Up-Take, N-Use efficiency and apparent N Recovery in wheat

Sanjeev Kumar Gupta; Ram Prasad; M. Ghosh; et al. Progressive Agriculture 2017. doi:10.5958/0976-4615.2017.00012.6

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Rhizobacteria inoculation increased wheat grain yield by 5.96% over control.
Intervention effect Azotobactor inoculation increased wheat grain yield by 7.55% over control.
Intervention effect Rhizobacteria inoculation increased mean net returns by 9.7% over control.
Intervention effect Azotobacter inoculation increased mean net returns by 7.2% over control.
Intervention effect Nitrogen at 120 kg/ha enhanced wheat grain yield, harvest index, nitrogen-use efficiency, and apparent nitrogen recovery.
Intervention effect The difference between 60 and 120 kg N/ha was not significant.
Intervention effect Organic carbon and total nitrogen content of soil improved up to 60 kg N/ha.
Intervention effect Biofertilizer application improved organic carbon and total nitrogen content of soil.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The consortium improved rice nitrogen uptake, assimilation and relative nitrogen use efficiency.

Taxon: riceOryza sativae0
Outcome: N-uptake, assimilation and relative N-use efficiencye0
Direction: improvinge0

Not reportedTreatmentComparator

Verbatim

e0
“improving N-uptake, assimilation and relative N-use efficiency of rice plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1621–1698

Title

A consortium of non‐rhizobial endophytic microbes from Typha angustifolia functions as probiotic in rice and improves nitrogen metabolism

C. Saha; G. Mukherjee; P. Agarwal‐Banka; et al. Plant Biology 2016. doi:10.1111/plb.12485

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observation Dinitrogen reductase gene transfer was observed in the endophyte consortium.
Intervention effect The consortium provided growth benefits to Typha.
Intervention effect The consortium provided growth benefits to rice.
Observation Typha endophytes colonized rice endosphere.
Intervention effect Typha endophytes increased rice biomass and shoot length under both nitrogen regimes.
Intervention effect Typha endophytes increased rice chlorophyll content under both nitrogen regimes.
Intervention effect Endophyte treatment upregulated nitrogen uptake and assimilation genes after three weeks.
Observation The authors suggested nitrogen fixation transfer was prevalent among endophytes.
Intervention effect The consortium elicited a long-term nitrogen deficiency response in rice.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors attribute improved growth to modulated nitrogen metabolism enzymes and enhanced nitrogen use efficiency.

Taxon: A. inebriansAchnatherum inebrianse0
Interactor: E. gansuensise0symbiont
Outcome: growthe0
Qualifier: modulating the enzymes of nitrogen metabolism and enhancing nitrogen use efficiencye0

Verbatim

e0
“E. gansuensis has positive effects on improving the growth of A. inebrians under low-nitrogen conditions by modulating the enzymes of nitrogen metabolism and enhancing nitrogen use efficiency”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 862–1053

Title

Effect of Epichloë gansuensis Endophyte on the Nitrogen Metabolism, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Stoichiometry of Achnatherum inebrians under Nitrogen Limitation

Jianfeng Wang; Zhibiao Nan; Michael J. Christensen; et al. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2018. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.7b06158

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect The endophyte significantly improved grass growth under low nitrogen.
Intervention effect fresh and dry weights was higher in endophyte-positive grass leaves under low nitrogen.
Intervention effect nitrogen reductase, nitrite reductase, and glutamine synthetase activity was higher in endophyte-positive grass leaves under low nitrogen.
Intervention effect NO3–, NH4+, N, and P content was higher in endophyte-positive grass leaves under low nitrogen.
Intervention effect total N accumulation was higher in endophyte-positive grass leaves under low nitrogen.
Intervention effect N utilization efficiency was higher in endophyte-positive grass leaves under low nitrogen.
Intervention effect N uptake efficiency was higher in endophyte-positive grass leaves under low nitrogen.

2000s 79

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Weed interference reduced nitrogen-use efficiency of maize genotypes.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Treatment: weed interferencee0
Interactor: weede0weed
Outcome: nitrogen-use efficiencye0
Direction: reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The nitrogen-use efficiency of the maize genotypes was reduced due to weed interference”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 838–925

Title

Nitrogen-use Efficiency of Maize Genotypes under Weed Pressure in a Tropical Alfisol in Northern Nigeria

Azeez, JO.; Adetunji, MT. DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) 2007

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observation Oba super II and Low N pool C2 had significantly higher grain yield than the other cultivars.
Observation Oba super II and Low N pool C2 had significantly higher nitrogen uptake, utilization, and use efficiency than the other cultivars.
Observation At 90 kg N.ha-1, maize shoots recovered 68 kg N.ha-1.
Observation At 90 kg N.ha-1, weed nitrogen uptake was 15.98 kg.ha-1.
Observation At 30 kg N.ha1, weed uptake was 28.38.
Observation At 30 kg N.ha1, maize shoot nitrogen uptake was 23.35 kg N.ha-1.
Intervention effect Fertilizer addition enhanced maize competitive ability.
Observation Residual soil nitrate did not differ among nitrogen rates and genotypes.

Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen fixation increased photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency early in development.

Taxon: plante0
Treatment: N(2) fixatione0
Outcome: photosynthetic N use efficiencye0
Direction: increasede0
Qualifier: at the beginning of plant developmente0

Verbatim

e0
“The C sink strength of N(2) fixation increased photosynthetic N use efficiency at the beginning of plant development.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 854–971

Title

Differences in photosynthetic behaviour and leaf senescence of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) dependent on N2 fixation or nitrate supply

G. Kaschuk; M. Hungria; P. A. Leffelaar; et al. Plant Biology 2009. doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.2009.00211.x

Other claims from this paper (7)

Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Weed competition did not suppress harvest index and nitrogen use efficiency.

Taxon: paddy ricet0
Interactor: weedse0weed
Outcome: harvest index (HI) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of paddy ricee0
Direction: not suppressede0

Verbatim

e0
“harvest index (HI) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of paddy rice were not suppressed by competition with weeds”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 659–771

t0
“paddy rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 54–64

Title

Competition between weeds and wet season transplanted paddy rice for nitrogen use, growth and yield in the central and northern regions of Laos

TATSUYA INAMURA; SHUICHI MIYAGAWA; OLAYVANH SINGVILAY; et al. Weed Biology and Management 2003. doi:10.1046/j.1444-6162.2003.00106.x

Other claims from this paper (11)

Observation Thirteen weed species were found, with few major weeds abundant.
Observation Weed growth was poor in infertile rainfed soils.
Association Weed competition suppressed rice rough yield, panicles and seeds per square meter.
Association Weed competition suppressed rice aboveground biomass and its accumulated nitrogen.
Association Panicle number fell as rice nitrogen accumulation fell.
Association Seeds per square meter fell as panicle number fell.
Observation Weeds competed with rice for nitrogen during productive tillering.
Observation Rice ability to compete for nitrogen with weeds was not reduced under rainfed lowland conditions.
Intervention effect Complete weed removal increased nitrogen accumulated in rice.
Intervention effect Weed removal may raise rough rice yield by 10% in rainfed lowlands.
Intervention effect Weed removal may raise rough rice yield by 17–19% under irrigation.

1990s 44

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Both species increased water-use efficiency with nitrogen.

Taxon: Calluna vulgarisCalluna vulgarist0
Treatment: increased nitrogene0
Outcome: water‐use efficiencye0
Direction: increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Both species increased water‐use efficiency in response to increased nitrogen and drought”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 352–441

t0
“Calluna vulgaris”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 78–94

Title

Effects of environmental change, including drought, on water use by competing Calluna vulgaris (heather) and Pteridium aquilinum (bracken)

C. Gordon; S. J. Woodin; C. E. Mullins; et al. Functional Ecology 1999. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2435.1999.00012.x

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Increased temperature intensified competition for water.
Intervention effect Drought intensified competition for water.
Intervention effect Increased nitrogen intensified competition for water.
Observation Drought with increased nitrogen had the greatest effect on water use.
Intervention effect Both species increased water-use efficiency with drought.
Observation Calluna had higher water demand than Pteridium.
Observation Calluna acclimated to water stress more readily than Pteridium.
Observation Calluna was the superior water competitor.
Association Calluna water-use efficiency declined as its roots depleted water from the Pteridium rooting zone.
Association Pteridium increased water-use efficiency under competition.
Observation Carbon isotope discrimination was strongly related to instantaneous water-use efficiency in both species.
Method / resource Discrimination was a more sensitive seasonal water-use efficiency measure.
Method / resource Retrospective Δ measurement was useful for Calluna leaves.
Method / resource Retrospective Δ measurement was inappropriate for Pteridium rhizome.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Santalum foliar nitrogen, net photosynthesis and instantaneous water-use efficiency were positively related.

Taxon: SantalumSantalume0
Compound: foliar Ne0
Outcome: rates of net photosynthesis and instantaneous water use efficienciese0
Direction: positivee0

Verbatim

e0
“Strong positive relationships were evident in Santalum between foliar N concentration, rates of net photosynthesis and instantaneous water use efficiencies”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 462–617

Title

Gas Exchange and Water Relations of the Root Hemi-parasiteSantalum albumL. in Association with Legume and Non-legume Hosts

A RADOMILJAC Annals of Botany 1999. doi:10.1006/anbo.1998.0815

Other claims from this paper (11)

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Photosynthetic nitrogen use-efficiency (PNUE) was inversely related to the total leaf nitrogen concentration.

Taxon: Rhinanthus minor L., Euphrasia frigida L. and Melampyrum sylvaticum L.Melampyrum sylvaticum Rhinanthus minorEuphrasia frigidae1
Organ / stage: leavese7
Outcome: PNUEe7
Direction: inversely relatede7

Verbatim

e1
“Rhinanthus minor L., Euphrasia frigida L. and Melampyrum sylvaticum L.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 198–268

e7
“PNUE was greater in attached than in unattached plants, but was inversely related to the total‐nitrogen concentration of the leaves”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 945–1076

Title

Influence of the host on three sub‐Arctic annual facultative root hemiparasites

W. E. SEEL; M. C. PRESS New Phytologist 1994. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1994.tb04257.x

Other claims from this paper (7)

1980s 7

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Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen-use efficiency of hispines declined as foliar nitrogen content increased.

Taxon: HeliconiaHeliconiat0
Interactor: hispinese0herbivore
Outcome: Efficiencies of nitrogen usee0
Direction: declinede0
Qualifier: increasing foliar nitrogen contente0

Verbatim

t0
“Heliconia”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 23–32

e0
“Efficiencies of nitrogen use declined with increasing foliar nitrogen content for the hispines”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1215–1309

Title

Nutritional Ecology of Heliconia Herbivores: Experiments with Plant Fertilization and Alternative Hosts

Michael J. Auerbach; Donald R. Strong Ecological Monographs 1981. doi:10.2307/2937307

Other claims from this paper (18)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Comparable nitrogen fertilization effects on wheat grain water use efficiency were not produced, partly because insects reduced yield.

Taxon: wheatTriticum aestivume0
Interactor: insectsInsectae0pest
Outcome: wheat grainse0
Direction: not producede0

Not reportedTreatmentComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Comparable effects were not produced for wheat grains, caused in part by insects that reduced yields.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 492–593

Title

Water Use Efficiency as Influenced by Topsoil Thickness and Fertility on Reclaimed Land

S. A. Schroeder; M. W. Pole; Armand Bauer North Dakota farm research 1980

Other claims from this paper (3)

Intervention effect Thicker topsoil increased corn silage water use efficiency in two of five years.
Intervention effect Wheat water use efficiency increased significantly in three of five years with thicker topsoil.
Intervention effect Nitrogen fertilization increased corn silage water use efficiency in 1978 and 1979.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Each leafhopper species reached maximum nitrogen-use efficiency at a different plant nitrogen level.

Taxon: Holcus lanatus L.Holcus lanatuse7
Treatment: different plant nitrogen levelse0
Interactor: leafhoppersCicadellidaet0herbivore
Outcome: nitrogen utilization efficienciese0
Direction: maximume0

Verbatim

e0
“Each species reached maximum nitrogen utilization efficiencies at different plant nitrogen levels”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1011–1108

t0
“leafhoppers”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–100

e7
“Plant material of Holcus lanatus L. removed from an artificially fertilized trial”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 13–94

Title

Instar duration, adult consumption, oviposition and nitrogen utilization efficiencies of leafhoppers feeding on different quality food (Auchenorrhyncha: Homoptera)

R. A. PRESTIDGE Ecological Entomology 1982. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2311.1982.tb00647.x

Other claims from this paper (9)

1970s 2

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Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fumigation improved root health and nitrogen use efficiency.

Taxon: sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
Treatment: Fumigatione0
Outcome: health of rootse0

Verbatim

e0
“Fumigation not only improved the health of roots, and so enabled them to use nitrogen more efficiently”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1125–1227

t0
“sugar beet”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–83

Title

The effects of soil fumigation and nitrogen fertilizers on nematodes and sugar beet in sandy soils

D. A. COOKE; A. P. DRAYCOTT Annals of Applied Biology 1971. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1971.tb04678.x

Other claims from this paper (16)

Intervention effect D-D fumigation raised sugar beet root yield from 25 to 36 t/ha.
Intervention effect Applying 85 kg N/ha increased yield on fumigated plots by 7 t/ha.
Intervention effect Additional nitrogen beyond 85 kg N/ha gave little yield benefit.
Intervention effect Fumigation killed 65 % of Pratylenchus in the top 5 cm.
Intervention effect Fumigation killed 80% of Trichodorus in the top 5 cm.
Intervention effect Fumigation killed 90% of Tylenchorhynchus in the top 5 cm.
Intervention effect Fumigation killed 90% of Pratylenchus at 15–20 cm depth.
Intervention effect Fumigation killed 93% of Trichodorus at 15–20 cm depth.
Intervention effect Fumigation killed 95% of Tylenchorhynchus at 15–20 cm depth.
Association Yield gains from fumigation did not correlate with initial nematode populations.
Association Yield gains from fumigation correlated poorly with May rainfall.
Association Nematode population increases from April to August correlated positively with preceding ten week rainfall.
Association Nematode population increases correlated positively with rainfall in the previous week.
Intervention effect Fumigation increased soil available nitrogen.
Intervention effect Fumigation decreased nitrogen loss by leaching.
Intervention effect Injected anhydrous ammonia did not affect nematode populations.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Papilio troilus larvae use Lauraceae foodplants with 2 to 3 times the efficiency of generalized P. glaucus larvae.

Taxon: LauraceaeLauraceaee1
Interactor: P. troilusPapilio troiluse1herbivore
Outcome: efficiency of P. troilus larvae in utilizing foodplantse1
Direction: higherinferrede1
Value: 2 × — 3 ×e1
Comparator: P. glaucus larvaee1

Verbatim

e1
“P. troilus has restricted its feeding primarily to the Lauraceae and the efficiency of P. troilus larvae in utilizing foodplants in this family is 2 × — 3 × that of the generalized P. glaucus larvae”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 294–492

Title

THE EFFECTS OF SEQUENTIALLY SWITCHING FOODPLANTS UPON BIOMASS AND NITROGEN UTILIZATION BY POLYPHAGOUS AND STENOPHAGOUS PAPILIO LARVAE

J. MARK SCRIBER Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 1979. doi:10.1111/j.1570-7458.1979.tb02872.x

Other claims from this paper (2)

Intervention effect A sequence of acceptable foods reduces rather than favours larval growth rate.
Intervention effect Papilio glaucus larvae survive on Lindera benzoin when alternated with cherry and ash, whereas all larvae die on L. benzoin alone.

“nitrogen use efficiency”

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Statistics

2020s 577

2010s 342

2000s 79

1990s 44

1980s 7

1970s 2