Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A. japonica did not form knobs after antibiotic or heat treatment.

Taxon: theA. japonicae0
Treatment: antibiotics or by heat treatmente0
Outcome: knobs are never formede0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0
“theA. japonica which is closely affined to them and non-leaf-nodular plant, knobs are never formed either by antibiotics or by heat treatment”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 336–477

Title

Studies on the Leaf Nodules V The Formation of Knobs by the Effect of Antibiotics on theArdisia crispa andA. punctata

Tamotsu YAMADA Shokubutsugaku Zasshi 1955. doi:10.15281/jplantres1887.68.267

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Antibiotics induced knobs and stopped growth in A. crispa seedlings.
Intervention effect Antibiotics induced knobs and stopped growth in A. punctata seedlings.
Association Knob formation increased with antibiotic concentration and treatment duration.
Observation A. crispa had a higher knob-forming ratio than A. punctata under the same treatment.
Observation A. crispa knobs were larger than those of A. punctata.
Observation Knobs contained epidermis, cortex and central cylinder, with no meristem or leaf-nodule-bacteria detected.
Observation Knob structure resembled that after heat treatment.
Mechanism The authors proposed that a substance secreted by dying leaf-nodule bacteria induces knob formation and may contribute to leaf nodules.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Trapping by fungal knobs was inversely associated with nematicide concentration.

Treatment: nematicidee0
Outcome: trapping rate by fungal knobse0
Direction: inverselye0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0
“The trapping rate by fungal knobs was inversely correlated to the concentration of the nematicide”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 563–660

Title

Control of the Southern Root-knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita Using Granule Formulations Containing Nematode-trapping Fungus, Monacrosporium ellipsosporum and a Nematicide

Satoshi Taba; Zen-ichi Moromizato; Kazuko Takaesu; et al. Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 2006. doi:10.1303/jjaez.2006.115

Other claims from this paper (6)

Observation Fosthiazate did not affect fungal spore germination at 3,000 or 300 ppm.
Observation Fosthiazate did not affect fungal hyphal growth at 3,000 or 300 ppm.
Observation Drying granules sometimes reduced fungal survival.
Observation Fungus from formulations formed trapping organs and trapped nematodes with infection hyphae.
Intervention effect Fungus nematicide formulations mixed through all soil had a very high control effect against M. incognita on tomatoes.
Observation The fungus was found in all soil samples after the tomato control tests.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Male and female stylet knobs were bipartite with a groove.

Taxon: Laurel OakQuercus imbricariat0
Outcome: bipartitee0

Verbatim

e0
“The stylet knobs of males and females were bipartite, each incised by a deep medium longitudinal groove”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1022–1125

t0
“Laurel Oak”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 16–26

Title

First Report of Laurel Oak as a Host for the Pecan Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne partityla, in Florida

J. A. Brito; H. Han; J. D. Stanley; et al. Plant Disease 2012. doi:10.1094/pdis-02-12-0201-pdn

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observation Laurel oak roots were heavily galled by Meloidogyne partityla in two Florida home gardens.
Observation Round galls occurred on secondary and tertiary roots.
Observation Nematode females and egg masses were visible in and on affected roots.
Observation Nematode morphology matched the original M. partityla description.
Observation The J2 had a swollen, deeply grooved rectum.
Observation The male stylet had a blunt tip and prominent junction thickening.
Observation EST and Mdh isozyme phenotypes agreed with prior M. partityla reports.
Observation mtDNA and ITS amplicons were approximately 530 and 550 bp and matched previous reports.
Observation The report establishes laurel oak as a host of the pecan root-knot nematode.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fungal spores germinated in soil, formed adhesive knobs and parasitized nearby free-living nematodes.

Taxon: D. phymatopagaDactylellina phymatopagae0
Interactor: free living nematodese0other
Outcome: germinate in soil with formation of adhesive sessile knobse0

Verbatim

e0
“spores of D. phymatopaga frequently germinate in soil with formation of adhesive sessile knobs on their germ lings, capturing and parasitizing nearby free living nematodes”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 823–994

Title

Evaluation of nematophagous and biocontrol efficacy of Dactylellina phymatopaga against Meloidogyne graminicola on rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Dharmendra Kumar Biological Control 2023. doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2023.105425

Other claims from this paper (7)

Observation Fungal isolates trapped and paralyzed up to 98.8 % of nematode juveniles within 120 h in vitro.
Intervention effect Applying the fungus reduced rice root gall number significantly.
Intervention effect Applying the fungus reduced developing nematode number in rice roots significantly.
Intervention effect Applying the fungus reduced developing nematode biomass in rice roots significantly.
Intervention effect Fungal application increased rice plant health relative to infested soil.
Intervention effect Application seven days before sowing showed the highest biocontrol ability and decreased nematode biomass in rice roots.
Intervention effect Application seven days before sowing decreased the nematode-to-root biomass ratio.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Knobs contained epidermis, cortex and central cylinder, with no meristem or leaf-nodule-bacteria detected.

Outcome: epidermis, cortex and central cylinder, and no meristem and leaf-nodule-bacteriae0

Not reportedTaxonDirection

Verbatim

e0
“The knobs are formed of epidermis, cortex and central cylinder, and no meristem and leaf-nodule-bacteria are recognized in any part of them by microscope”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 773–926

Title

Studies on the Leaf Nodules V The Formation of Knobs by the Effect of Antibiotics on theArdisia crispa andA. punctata

Tamotsu YAMADA Shokubutsugaku Zasshi 1955. doi:10.15281/jplantres1887.68.267

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Antibiotics induced knobs and stopped growth in A. crispa seedlings.
Intervention effect Antibiotics induced knobs and stopped growth in A. punctata seedlings.
Intervention effect A. japonica did not form knobs after antibiotic or heat treatment.
Association Knob formation increased with antibiotic concentration and treatment duration.
Observation A. crispa had a higher knob-forming ratio than A. punctata under the same treatment.
Observation A. crispa knobs were larger than those of A. punctata.
Observation Knob structure resembled that after heat treatment.
Mechanism The authors proposed that a substance secreted by dying leaf-nodule bacteria induces knob formation and may contribute to leaf nodules.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Antibiotics induced knobs and stopped growth in A. punctata seedlings.

Taxon: A. punctatae0
Treatment: high concentration of streptomycin, aureomycin, chloromycetin and terramycine0
Outcome: knobs are formed on various growing points of the plants and then the growth of the plant stope0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0
“the A. punctata are treated with each solution of high concentration of streptomycin, aureomycin, chloromycetin and terramycin, knobs are formed on various growing points of the plants and then the growth of the plant stop”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 72–294

Title

Studies on the Leaf Nodules V The Formation of Knobs by the Effect of Antibiotics on theArdisia crispa andA. punctata

Tamotsu YAMADA Shokubutsugaku Zasshi 1955. doi:10.15281/jplantres1887.68.267

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Antibiotics induced knobs and stopped growth in A. crispa seedlings.
Intervention effect A. japonica did not form knobs after antibiotic or heat treatment.
Association Knob formation increased with antibiotic concentration and treatment duration.
Observation A. crispa had a higher knob-forming ratio than A. punctata under the same treatment.
Observation A. crispa knobs were larger than those of A. punctata.
Observation Knobs contained epidermis, cortex and central cylinder, with no meristem or leaf-nodule-bacteria detected.
Observation Knob structure resembled that after heat treatment.
Mechanism The authors proposed that a substance secreted by dying leaf-nodule bacteria induces knob formation and may contribute to leaf nodules.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Juvenile stylet knobs, male head shape and female perennial pattern were typical for M. hapla.

Taxon: M. haplaMeloidogyne haplae0
Outcome: Shape of juvenile stylet knobs, shape of male head, and perennial patterne0
Qualifier: typicale0

Verbatim

e0
“Shape of juvenile stylet knobs, shape of male head, and perennial pattern of the females with characteristic punctuations between the anus and tail terminus were also typical for M. hapla.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1033–1221

Title

First Report of the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne hapla Parasitizing Roses in Ethiopia

Beira H. Meressa; H. Heuer; H.-W. Dehne; et al. Plant Disease 2014. doi:10.1094/pdis-04-14-0383-pdn

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Females had robust stylets with curved cones and ovoid knobs.

Taxon: PapayaCarica papayae7
Interactor: Meloidogyne javanicaMeloidogyne javanicat0pathogen
Outcome: robust stylet with a dorsally curved cone and large transversely ovoid knobs that are offset from the shafte0

Verbatim

e0
“Females had robust stylet with a dorsally curved cone and large transversely ovoid knobs that are offset from the shaft.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 926–1046

t0
“Meloidogyne javanica from Una district of Himachal Pradesh”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–109

e7
“Meloidogyne javanica from Papaya and Pumpkin”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 120–164

Title

First report and morphological characterization of Meloidogyne javanica from Una district of Himachal Pradesh

Kanwar P. Singh; A. S. Khanna; Hema Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2018

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observation Affected papaya had poor growth and significant root galling.
Observation Affected pumpkin had poor growth and significant root galling.
Observation Severe infections caused many galls, wilted leaves, root rot and plant death.
Observation Specimen body length was 550-789 µm.
Observation Specimen body width was 320-550 µm.
Observation Specimen spear length was 16-22 µm.
Observation Morphometrics and female perineal pattern fit M. javanica.
Observation Perineal patterns were oval to squarish with broken striae and lateral lines.
Observation The nematode was reported for the first time from the state.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Inhibitory rhizosphere fungi formed coils, loops, knobs and haustoria at inhibition zones.

Taxon: TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt1
Interactor: inhibitory rhizospheric fungal speciese0biocontrol_agent
Outcome: coils, loops, knobs, and haustoriae0

Verbatim

e0
“Microscopic observations of inhibition zones between two colonies showed the presence of coils, loops, knobs, and haustoria, formed by inhibitory rhizospheric fungal species.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2653–2827

t1
“Rhizospheric Fungal spp. of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–60

Title

Rhizospheric Fungal spp. of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and Their Effect on Tomato Plant Growth and on Alternaria solani, the Causative Agent of Early Blight of Tomato

Deshappriya N.; Fernando W.C.J.O.; Fernando M.S.W. Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium 2024. doi:10.31357/fesympo.v27.6554

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observation Twenty-seven rhizosphere fungal genera were isolated.
Observation Trichoderma and Penicillium were frequently isolated genera.
Observation Four isolates had the highest phosphate solubilizing abilities.
Intervention effect T. purpureogenus significantly increased all evaluated tomato growth parameters.
Intervention effect P. lilacinum significantly increased all evaluated tomato growth parameters.
Intervention effect Eupenicillium sp. produced the highest inhibition of A. solani colony growth.
Observation Four fungal isolates were the highest chitinase producers.
Observation P. lilacinum was the highest glucanase producer.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Antibiotics induced knobs and stopped growth in A. crispa seedlings.

Taxon: theA. crispae0
Treatment: high concentration of streptomycin, aureomycin, chloromycetin and terramycine0
Outcome: knobs are formed on various growing points of the plants and then the growth of the plant stope0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

e0
“seeds and growing points of the seedlings of theA. crispa and the A. punctata are treated with each solution of high concentration of streptomycin, aureomycin, chloromycetin and terramycin, knobs are formed on various growing points of the plants and then the growth of the plant stop”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 10–294

Title

Studies on the Leaf Nodules V The Formation of Knobs by the Effect of Antibiotics on theArdisia crispa andA. punctata

Tamotsu YAMADA Shokubutsugaku Zasshi 1955. doi:10.15281/jplantres1887.68.267

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Antibiotics induced knobs and stopped growth in A. punctata seedlings.
Intervention effect A. japonica did not form knobs after antibiotic or heat treatment.
Association Knob formation increased with antibiotic concentration and treatment duration.
Observation A. crispa had a higher knob-forming ratio than A. punctata under the same treatment.
Observation A. crispa knobs were larger than those of A. punctata.
Observation Knobs contained epidermis, cortex and central cylinder, with no meristem or leaf-nodule-bacteria detected.
Observation Knob structure resembled that after heat treatment.
Mechanism The authors proposed that a substance secreted by dying leaf-nodule bacteria induces knob formation and may contribute to leaf nodules.

“knobs”

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