Search claims · PlantClaims

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The glutathione decrease was followed by a glucose 6-phosphate decrease in poplar.

Taxon: poplar twigst0
Outcome: levels of glucose 6-phosphatee0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“this decrease was followed by a decrease in levels of glucose 6-phosphate”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 569–642

t0
“poplar twigs in a frozen milieu”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 458–489

Title

Malfunction of Enzyme Systems Involved in the Regeneration of Glutathione in Perennials at Low Temperatures

Haruyuki Kuroda; Shonosuke Sagisaka Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry 1992. doi:10.1271/bbb.56.712

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Washing caused a slight decrease in pigments.

Taxon: PomegranatePunica granatumt0
Outcome: pigmentse0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedTreatmentComparator

Verbatim

t0
“Pomegranate”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–91

e0
“although a slight decrease in pigments occurred”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 240–287

Title

Minimal Processing and Modified Atmosphere Packaging Effects on Pigmentation of Pomegranate Seeds

M.I. GIL; F. ARTES; F.A. TOMAS‐BARBERAN Journal of Food Science 1996. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1996.tb14749.x

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Washing solutions did not differ in anthocyanin composition.
Intervention effect Storage in perforated polypropylene bags preserved pigments.
Intervention effect Most anthocyanins increased slightly in perforated polypropylene bags.
Intervention effect Anthocyanins increased at 1°C during modified-atmosphere storage.
Intervention effect Anthocyanins decreased at 8°C and 4°C during modified-atmosphere storage.
Observation Delphinidin derivatives were the most sensitive anthocyanins.
Observation Cyanidin and pelargonidin derivatives were stable and increased slightly.
Observation The 3,5‐diglucosides were more stable than 3‐glucosides.
Intervention effect Unperforated OPP bags maintained pigments better than perforated OPP bags at 1°C for seven days.
Intervention effect After four additional days at 4°C, perforated films preserved pigments better.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Decreased air temperature caused a decrease in potential photochemical efficiency.

Taxon: common hazelt0
Outcome: potential photochemical efficiencye0
Direction: decreasee0
Setting: air temperaturee0

Verbatim

e0
“The decrease in air temperature caused a decrease in potential photochemical efficiency”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1431–1518

t0
“common hazel”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 36–48

Title

Optical properties of the bark of a common hazel

Hrvoje Malkoč Repository of the University of Ljubljana (University of Ljubljana) 2020

Other claims from this paper (4)

Observation Bark reflectance differed significantly among measurement sets.
Observation Bark transmittance did not differ among measurement sets.
Observation Bark and leaf reflectance graphs differed, particularly in the second set.
Association Structural and biochemical properties influenced bark reflectance and transmittance.

Associationauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The decrease in some proximate compositions implies a decrease in the nutritive values of the seeds.

Taxon: T. africanaTreculia africanae1
Treatment: different storage treatmentse1
Outcome: nutritive valuese1
Direction: decreasee1

Verbatim

e1
“The decrease in some proximate compositions of T. africana seeds subjected to different storage treatments implies a decrease in the nutritive values of the seeds”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1910–2072

Title

Effect of Storage Methods on the Germination and Proximate Composition of Treculia africana Seeds

Jonathan C. Onyekwelu; Olawole J. Fayose 2007

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Storage in deep freezer, room condition (over one week) and sun drying killed T. africana seeds.
Intervention effect Storage methods and storage duration both had a significant effect on germination (p < 0.05).
Association For storage methods that did not kill seeds, germination decreased significantly and progressively as storage duration increased.
Intervention effect Seeds stored in a refrigerator for up to four weeks gave better germination results.
Intervention effect Storage in refrigerator beyond four weeks killed the seeds.
Intervention effect Except for one to two weeks of refrigerator storage, germination of control seeds was significantly higher than under all storage treatments.
Observation Fresh T. africana seeds have 38.26 carbohydrate.
Observation Fresh T. africana seeds have 17.67 crude protein.
Observation Fresh T. africana seeds have 3.82 moisture.
Observation Fresh T. africana seeds have 15.85 crude fibre.
Observation Fresh T. africana seeds have 3.97 ash.
Observation Fresh T. africana seeds have 15.85 ether extract.
Intervention effect Proximate compositions of fresh seeds were generally higher than those of seeds under storage treatments.
Intervention effect Storage methods and duration both significantly affected proximate values (p < 0.05).

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Needle chlorosis related more to a decrease in chlorophyll concentration than to a decrease in the total chlorophyll to carotenoid ratio.

Taxon: Piceaabiese0
Organ / stage: Needlee2
Outcome: chlorophyll concentratione2
Direction: decreasee2

Verbatim

e0
“Increasing needle chlorosis at a declining Piceaabies (L.) Karst. site in northeast Bavaria, Germany”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–100

e2
“Needle chlorosis related more to a decrease in the chlorophyll concentration than to a decrease in the ratio of total chlorophyll to carotenoids”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 292–436

Title

Chlorophyll–nutrient relationships identify nutritionally caused decline in Piceaabies stands

R. Oren; K.S. Werk; N. Buchmann; et al. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 1993. doi:10.1139/x93-150

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesimulated

Claim · model-written summary

A 30% output price decrease reduced intercropping BCR by 30%.

Taxon: GliricidiaGliricidiae2
Treatment: decrease in output pricese1
Outcome: BCRe0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 30%e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“A 30% decrease in the former leads to a decrease in NPV and BCR by 38% and 30%, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1443–1535

e1
“decrease in output prices”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1382–1407

e2
“Gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.)) and Maize (Zea mays L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 212–274

Title

Profitability of Gliricidia-Maize System in Selected Dryland Areas of Dodoma Region, Tanzania

Martha Swamila; Damas Philip; Adam Meshack Akyoo; et al. Sustainability 2021. doi:10.3390/su14010053

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation Profitability indicators varied substantially in absolute and relative terms.
Intervention effect Intercropping had a higher 20-year NPV of Tsh 19,238,798.43 versus Tsh 10,934,669.90 for sole maize.
Intervention effect Intercropping had a higher BCR of 4.27 versus 3.59 for sole maize.
Intervention effect Returns to labour per person day were 1.5 times sole maize returns.
Intervention effect A 30% output price decrease reduced intercropping NPV by 38%.
Intervention effect A 30% input price increase decreased sole maize NPV by 11.1%.
Intervention effect A 30% input price increase decreased intercropping NPV by 8.8%.
Intervention effect Equal input price changes had the same relative economic effect on both systems.
Recommendation Intercropping is judged profitable over time and could increase household income and food security.
Recommendation Farmers need help with initial investment costs and agroforestry management for scaling.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesimulated

Claim · model-written summary

A 30% output price decrease reduced intercropping NPV by 38%.

Taxon: GliricidiaGliricidiae2
Treatment: decrease in output pricese1
Outcome: NPVe0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 38%e0
Qualifier: 30%e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“A 30% decrease in the former leads to a decrease in NPV and BCR by 38% and 30%, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1443–1535

e1
“decrease in output prices”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1382–1407

e2
“Gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.)) and Maize (Zea mays L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 212–274

Title

Profitability of Gliricidia-Maize System in Selected Dryland Areas of Dodoma Region, Tanzania

Martha Swamila; Damas Philip; Adam Meshack Akyoo; et al. Sustainability 2021. doi:10.3390/su14010053

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation Profitability indicators varied substantially in absolute and relative terms.
Intervention effect Intercropping had a higher 20-year NPV of Tsh 19,238,798.43 versus Tsh 10,934,669.90 for sole maize.
Intervention effect Intercropping had a higher BCR of 4.27 versus 3.59 for sole maize.
Intervention effect Returns to labour per person day were 1.5 times sole maize returns.
Intervention effect A 30% output price decrease reduced intercropping BCR by 30%.
Intervention effect A 30% input price increase decreased sole maize NPV by 11.1%.
Intervention effect A 30% input price increase decreased intercropping NPV by 8.8%.
Intervention effect Equal input price changes had the same relative economic effect on both systems.
Recommendation Intercropping is judged profitable over time and could increase household income and food security.
Recommendation Farmers need help with initial investment costs and agroforestry management for scaling.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Heptachlor and lindane showed a rapid decrease in residual toxicity.

Taxon: Douglas-FirPseudotsuga menziesiit0
Treatment: heptachlor and lindanee0
Outcome: rapid decreasee0
Direction: rapid decreasee0

Verbatim

t0
“Douglas-Fir Logs”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–96

e0
“a rapid decrease was shown by heptachlor and lindane”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1003–1055

Title

Effectiveness of Various Formulations of Five Insecticides on Insects Infesting Douglas-Fir Logs12

J. A. Rudinsky; L. C. Terriere; D. G. Allen Journal of Economic Entomology 1960. doi:10.1093/jee/53.5.949

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Each of five insecticides provided very good protection from insect infestation.
Intervention effect Emulsions and solutions protected logs more effectively than suspensions.
Observation Much of the insecticide penetrated the bark, particularly in solution and emulsion forms.
Observation Wettable powders of Thiodan, endrin and Sevin gradually lost residual toxicity.
Observation Emulsions had parallel but lower residual toxicity.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Quercus acuta showed a larger stem decrease than recruitment.

Taxon: Quercus acutaQuercus acutae0
Outcome: larger decrease than recruitmente0
Direction: larger decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“retreat type with larger decrease than recruitment (e.g. Quercus acuta)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 956–1027

Title

Effects of a Severe Typhoon on Forest Dynamics in a Warm-temperate Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest in Southwestern Japan

Satoshi Saito Journal of Forest Research 2002. doi:10.1007/bf02762602

Other claims from this paper (11)

Observation The return period of typhoons over 30 ms−1 was estimated at 2.2 years.
Observation The return period of T9313 was estimated at 104.5 years.
Observation T9313 damaged approximately 10% of all stems.
Intervention effect Annual stem mortality rose from 1.3 to 2.7% after T9313.
Intervention effect The estimated time until stem numbers fell below 10% of initial was four years shorter with T9313-class typhoons.
Observation Distylium racemosum showed little stem decrease and recruitment.
Observation Cinnamomum japonicum showed a large stem decrease and much recruitment.
Observation Eurya japonica showed less stem decrease than recruitment.
Observation Climax species showed a blunt short-term response.
Observation Few-sapling species showed a retreat short-term response.
Observation Light-demanding and sub-canopy types showed multiple short-term responses.

Observationhypothesisoriginal resultnegativebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors expect a further decrease in tree radial growth.

Taxon: treest0
Outcome: radial growthe0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: expected in the futuree0

Verbatim

e0
“A further decrease in radial growth is expected in the future.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 786–848

t0
“trees”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 75–80

Title

Deterioration of forest ground vegetation and decrease of radial growth of trees on camping sites.

Markku Nylund; Antti Haapanen; Seppo Kellomäki; et al. Silva Fennica 1979. doi:10.14214/sf.a14909

Other claims from this paper (6)

Observation Ground vegetation deterioration appeared unavoidable at camping sites in Southern Finland.
Observation Only a few grass species tolerated heavy trampling.
Intervention effect Vegetation deterioration was moderate below 10,00015,000 user days.
Intervention effect Ground cover was completely destroyed above 100,000 user days.
Association Destruction of ground vegetation was associated with an abrupt, persistent decrease in tree radial growth.
Intervention effect After ten years of use, tree growth in trampled areas was 35% lower than in untrampled areas.

“decrease in A”

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