Search claims · PlantClaims

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Silica accumulated in knobs and a thin layer below the cuticula.

Taxon: Equisetum hyemaleEquisetum hyemalet0
Organ / stage: knobs and in a thin layer below the cuticulae0
Outcome: Accumulation of silicae0

Verbatim

t0
“Equisetum hyemale”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 42–59

e0
“Accumulation of silica was imaged in the knobs and in a thin layer below the cuticula”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 877–962

Title

Insights into the chemical composition of Equisetum hyemale by high resolution Raman imaging

Notburga Gierlinger; Lanny Sapei; Oskar Paris Planta 2007. doi:10.1007/s00425-007-0671-3

Other claims from this paper (8)

Method / resource Raman imaging visualized compositional differences in Equisetum cross sections.
Observation Knob spectra showed a broad band below 500 cm(-1) attributed to amorphous silica.
Observation Knob spectra showed a 976 cm(-1) band assigned to silanol groups.
Observation The knobs were interpreted as nearly pure amorphous hydrated silica.
Observation No silanol group vibration was detected in the silicified epidermal layer.
Association Silicified epidermal layer was associated with pectin and hemicelluloses.
Observation Pectin and hemicelluloses were high in epidermis and outer hypodermal sterome fibers.
Observation Inner parts of two-layered cells were nearly pure cellulose aligned parallel to the fiber.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Michaux's plant lists and landscape descriptions are most thorough in the Bluegrass, Knobs and Pennyroyal Regions.

Taxon: plante1
Outcome: plant lists and landscape descriptionse1
Setting: Bluegrass, Knobs, and Pennyroyal Regionse1

Verbatim

e1
“spent in the Bluegrass, Knobs, and Pennyroyal Regions where his plant lists and landscape descriptions are the most thorough”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 167–291

Title

Botanical Explorations of André Michaux in Kentucky: Observations of Vegetation in the 1790s

William S. Bryant Castanea 2004. doi:10.2179/0008-7475(2004)sp2[211:beoami]2.0.co;2

Other claims from this paper (1)

Observation A partial description of Kentucky vegetation around statehood in 1792 is achievable only by combining Michaux plant lists with other early naturalists comments.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

39 plant communities of Estonian inland sand knobs were described and classified into 7 syntaxonomic units.

Taxon: plant communitiese1
Outcome: classified into 7 syntaxonomic unitse1
Value: 39 plant communitiese1
Setting: South-Eastern Estoniae0

Verbatim

e0
“Vegetation of inland sand knobs in South-Eastern Estonia was studied”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 51–119

e1
“39 plant communities were described and thereafter classified into 7 syntaxonomic units”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 121–208

Title

On sand knobs vegetation in Verhulitsa-Lutepää region, South-Eastern Estonia

Jaanus Paal; Kaie Kurg; Taimi Paal Forestry Studies / Metsanduslikud Uurimused 2008. doi:10.2478/v10132-011-0065-y

Other claims from this paper (7)

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maize knobs may be considered megatransposable elements.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Outcome: maize knob may be consider as megatransposable elementse0
Qualifier: knob polymorphism and complex structuree0

Verbatim

e0
“knob polymorphism and complex structure suggest that maize knob may be consider as megatransposable elements”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1773–1881

t0
“maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 54–59

Title

Complex structure of knobs and centromeric regions in maize chromosomes.

E V Ananiev; R L Phillips; H W Rines PubMed 2000

Other claims from this paper (13)

Observation TR1 knob repeats can form fold-back DNA segments.
Observation CentC was identified as a centromeric tandem repeat family.
Observation Maize knob and centromeric repeat blocks are interrupted by other repeats.
Observation Inserted sequences are mainly full-size retrotransposable elements.
Observation Certain retrotransposable elements preferentially associate with knobs or centromeres.
Observation Retrotransposable elements preferentially integrate at hot spots of the 180-bp repeat.
Observation CentC, TR1 and 180-bp repeats occur on each tested maize chromosome.
Observation Repeat copy number varies significantly from about 100 to 25,000.
Observation Maize chromosomes vary in centromeric repeat size.
Observation Maize chromosomes vary in knob size and composition.
Observation Maize knobs contain 180-bp repeats, TR1 repeats, or both.
Observation Repeat elements also form micro clusters detectable only by in situ hybridization.
Mechanism Interspersed retrotransposable elements and tandem repeats may be a basic feature of eukaryotic heterochromatin organization.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Primula egaliksensis lacked the ITS-bearing heterochromatic knobs of the maternal parent P. mistassinica.

Taxon: Primula egaliksensisPrimula egaliksensise4
Outcome: ITS-bearing heterochromatic knobse4
Qualifier: characteristic of the maternal parent P. mistassinicae4

Verbatim

e4
“Primula egaliksensis lacked the ITS-bearing heterochromatic knobs characteristic of the maternal parent P. mistassinica and maintained only the rDNA loci of P. nutans”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1165–1331

Title

Genomic Origin and Organization of the Allopolyploid Primula egaliksensis Investigated by in situ Hybridization

Alessia Guggisberg; Célia Baroux; Ueli Grossniklaus; et al. Annals of Botany 2008. doi:10.1093/aob/mcn026

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fruits are straight with green-white skin, few knobs and spines, and a podgy caput.

Taxon: CucumberCucumis sativust0
Outcome: podgy fruit caput, green-white skin, few small knobs and spinese0

Verbatim

e0
“Fruits are straight with 30 cm in length, 5 cm in diameter, 280 gram in single fruit, with podgy fruit caput, green-white skin, few small knobs and spines”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 221–375

t0
“Cucumber Cultivar”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 21–38

Title

Development of a New Cucumber Cultivar, 'Ehuang No.3'

Gao Xian 2008

Other claims from this paper (10)

Method / resource Ehuang No.3 was developed by crossing 27-11 and 03-13-1.
Observation Ehuang No.3 is extremely early maturing.
Observation Ehuang No.3 tolerates low temperature.
Observation Ehuang No.3 fruits mainly on the main stem.
Observation Its fruits are 30 cm long.
Observation Its fruits are 5 cm in diameter.
Observation Its single fruit weight is 280 gram.
Observation Fresh fruits are delicious, crisp and aromatic.
Observation Spring greenhouse yield is 67.5 t/hm2.
Observation Autumn greenhouse yield is 52.5 t/hm2.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The L line had more TR-1 knobs than the H line.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Material: L linee0
Gene: TR-1 350-bp repeate0
Outcome: TR-1 knobse0
Direction: moree0

Verbatim

e0
“they differ in the TR-1 350-bp repeat, the L line having more TR-1 knobs.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1009–1082

t0
“maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–42

Title

Meiotic loss of the B chromosomes of maize is influenced by the B univalent co-orientation and the TR-1 knob constitution of the A chromosomes

M. González-Sánchez; M. González-García; J.M. Vega; et al. Cytogenetic and Genome Research 2007. doi:10.1159/000112075

Other claims from this paper (7)

Observation H line B chromosome transmission was Mendelian at 50%.
Observation The B chromosome was present in about 40% of L line progeny.
Observation The centromeric and telomeric ends of the B univalent co-oriented at metaphase I.
Observation About 25% of metaphase I cells in the L line showed amphitelic B univalent orientation.
Observation H and L lines were similarly variable for the 180-bp knob repeat.
Observation L line chromosome 6 had TR-1 in both arms, including a large long-arm knob.
Observation H line chromosome 6 generally had one TR-1 knob on the short arm beside the NOR.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

RN frequency at knobs was similar to or above average SC frequency.

Taxon: Zea maysZea mayst0
Outcome: frequency of RNs at knobse0
Direction: similar to or highere0
Comparator: average frequency of RNs along the SCse0

Verbatim

e0
“The frequency of RNs at knobs is either similar to or higher than the average frequency of RNs along the SCs”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1165–1273

t0
“Zea mays”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 52–60

Title

High-Resolution Crossover Maps for Each Bivalent of Zea mays Using Recombination Nodules

Lorinda K Anderson; Gregory G Doyle; Brian Brigham; et al. Genetics 2003. doi:10.1093/genetics/165.2.849

Other claims from this paper (7)

Method / resource An SC karyotype identified each maize SC and linked it to a linkage group.
Method / resource Maps were produced from 4267 RNs on 2080 SCs.
Association RN frequency correlated closely with chiasma frequency and SC length.
Observation The RN map was about twofold shorter than most maize linkage maps.
Observation Relative lengths of individual bivalent maps corresponded well.
Observation Each bivalent had a unique crossover distribution.
Observation All bivalents had high distal RN frequency and reduced RN frequency near kinetochores.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The wheat-rye addition line had significantly fewer wheat-origin perinucleolar rDNA knobs.

Taxon: wheat-ryee0
Material: wheat-rye addition linee0
Gene: rDNAe0
Outcome: number of wheat-origin perinucleolar rDNA knobse0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“in the wheat-rye addition line there is a significant decrease in the number of wheat-origin perinucleolar rDNA knobs”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1404–1521

Title

Interplay of Ribosomal DNA Loci in Nucleolar Dominance: Dominant NORs Are Up-Regulated by Chromatin Dynamics in the Wheat-Rye System

Manuela Silva; H. Sofia Pereira; Miguel Bento; et al. PLoS ONE 2008. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003824

Other claims from this paper (5)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Seven heterozygous knobs containing 180-bp repeats were detected in the chromosomes of all materials tested.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Organ / stage: chromosomese1
Outcome: heterozygous knobs containing 180-bp repeatse1
Value: sevene1

Verbatim

e0
“Knobs are blocks of heterochromatin present on chromosomes of maize (Zea mays L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 10–91

e1
“Signals of seven heterozygous knobs containing 180-bp repeats and of one heterozygous knob containing TR-1 were captured in chromosomes of all materials tested according to the results of FISH”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 466–658

Title

Heterozygosity of Knob-Associated Tandem Repeats and Knob Instability in Mitotic Chromosomes of Zea (Zea mays L. and Z. diploperennis Iltis Doebley)

Zhi-Yong XIONG; Yong LIU; Yong-Gang HE; et al. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2005. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7909.2005.00156.x

Other claims from this paper (4)

“knobs”

Claim types

Direction of the findings

Over time

Claim type

Research area

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